Abstract:
A micro-reflectron for a time-of-flight mass spectrometer including a substrate and integrated with the volume of the substrate, means for application of a potential gradient in a volume suitable for constituting a flight zone of the ions. The means of application includes at least two polarization electrodes and a wall of at least one resistive material that can be polarized between these electrodes so as to generate a continuous potential gradient, itself providing the function of reflectron, this flight zone, these electrodes and this wall being obtained by the technology of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and this micro-reflectron having a thickness of less than 5 millimetres while its other dimensions are less than 10 times this thickness.
Abstract:
An optical backplane is provided that has at least first and second side walls that are generally parallel to one another and at least one optical relay element disposed on at least one of the parallel side walls. An optical signal is coupled into the optical backplane through an entrance facet of the backplane. The optical signal is maintained within the optical backplane by internal reflection at the parallel side walls of the backplane. The optical relay element receives the optical signal reflected off of one of the side walls and reflects and refocuses the optical signal to guide the optical signal and prevent it from diverging as it propagates through the backplane from the entrance facet to the exit facet.
Abstract:
A charged particle beam reflector device is configured to include at least two electrostatic mirrors arranged with a predetermined interval on a linear optical axis, each having a through hole through which a charged particle beam radiated from an electron gun along a linear optical axis passes, and having a function of reflecting the charged particle beam or allowing the charged particle beam to pass through the through hole in accordance with an applied voltage, and a controller controlling an applied voltage to the at least two electrostatic mirrors. The controller applies, to each of the electrostatic mirrors, a reflection voltage allowing the electrostatic mirrors to reflect the charged particle beam at a predetermined timing so that the charged particle beam from the electron gun is reflected by the at least two electrostatic mirrors a plurality of times.
Abstract:
A single-axis illumination system for a multiple-axis imaging system, particularly an array microscope. A single-axis illumination system is used to trans-illuminate an object viewed with an array of imaging elements having multiple respective axes. The numerical apertures of the imaging elements are preferably matched to the numerical aperture of the illumination system. For Kohler illumination, the light source is placed effectively at the front focal plane of the illumination system. For critical illumination, the light source is effectively imaged onto the object plane of the imaging system. For dark field illumination, an annular light source is effectively provided. For phase contrast microscopy, an annular phase mask is placed effectively at the back focal plane of the objective lens of the imaging system and a corresponding annular amplitude mask is provided effectively at the light source. For Hoffman modulation contrast microscopy, an amplitude mask is placed effectively at the back focal plane of the objective lens of the imaging system and a slit is provided at a source of light of the illumination system. Structured illumination and interferometry, and a secondary source, may also be used with trans-illumination methods and apparatus according to the present invention.
Abstract:
An optical reader reads draft picture information by guiding reflection light from the optically scanned draft onto the reader element. The optical reader embodiment is provided with the molded supporting member that integrally secures a plurality of blocks supporting the optical elements including a plurality of reflection mirrors that guide the reflection light onto the reader element, a focus lens that focuses the reflection light projected from these reflection mirrors onto the reader element, and the reader element, respectively. Spring clips are used to secure the reflection mirrors to corresponding blocks of the molded supporting member.
Abstract:
Apparatuses and systems for a die-integrated aspheric mirror are described herein. One apparatus includes an ion trap die including a number of ion locations and an aspheric mirror integrated with the ion trap die.
Abstract:
A photoelectric conversion device includes a circuit board, a light emitting module, a light receiving module, and an optical coupling lens. Two protrusions apart from each other extend from the circuit board. The light emitting module and the light receiving module are mounted on the circuit board and apart from each other. The optical coupling lens includes an oblique reflection surface and a recess having a bottom surface parallel to the circuit board. Two distanced posts perpendicularly extend from the bottom surface and engage with the centers of the protrusions upon assembly to ensure automatic and alignment of the light emitting module with the first converging lens, and alignment of the light receiving module with the second converging lens.
Abstract:
A device for reflective electron-beam lithography and methods of producing the same are described. The device includes a substrate, a plurality of conductive layers formed on the substrate, which are parallel to each other and separated by insulating pillar structures, and a plurality of apertures in each conductive layer. Apertures in each conductive layer are vertically aligned with the apertures in other conductive layers and a periphery of each aperture includes conductive layers that are suspended.
Abstract:
An optical window for a detection system and method of employing the same. In one embodiment, the detection system includes an optical window configured to internally channel external incident radiation to an exit surface for emission. The detection system also includes a detector oriented to receive emitted radiation from the exit surface.