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    Fractionation and depolymerisation of lignocellulosic material
    1.
    发明授权
    Fractionation and depolymerisation of lignocellulosic material 有权

    公开(公告)号：US12129346B2

    公开(公告)日：2024-10-29

    申请号：US17255163

    申请日：2019-06-25

    申请人： KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN

    发明人： Bert Sels ,  Tom Renders ,  Elias Cooreman ,  Sander Van Den Bosch

    IPC分类号： C08J11/16 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C07C27/06

    CPC分类号： C08J11/16 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  C07C27/06 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  C08J2397/02

    摘要： Biomass is processed in a close to equivolumetric mixture of an alcohol and water at elevated temperature, in the presence of a metal catalyst and hydrogen. During this one-pot fractionation process, the hot liquor disentangles the polymeric biomass and depolymerises lignin and hemicellulose, while the catalyst and reductive environment are essential to accumulate and target stable products at high yield (such as phenolics and polyols, respectively). The process is particularly industrially relevant because its overcomes difficult and complex separation protocols, at place in classic biorefinery technology; the process foresees simple product recuperation in one process step into the three fractions; the solid carbohydrate pulp (mainly cellulose) is retrieved upon filtration, while phase separation of n-butanol and water occurs below 125° C. The three resulting product streams provide a versatile platform for down-stream conversion towards added-value bio-based chemicals.

    VACUUM-FREE, HYDROGEN-FREE CATALYTIC SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE FROM SOLID HYDROCARBONS
    3.
    发明申请
    VACUUM-FREE, HYDROGEN-FREE CATALYTIC SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE FROM SOLID HYDROCARBONS 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20210309523A1

    公开(公告)日：2021-10-07

    申请号：US17286917

    申请日：2019-10-24

    申请人： THE UNIVERSITY OF TULSA

    发明人： Hema Ramsurn ,  Rahul Kundu

    IPC分类号： C01B32/184 ,  C07C27/06 ,  C23C16/26

    摘要： Disclosed is a process for producing graphene from solid hydrocarbons including biomass and coal. The disclosed method does not require the presence of hydrogen and does not operate under a vacuum. The method begins by converting biomass to a graphene precursor while coal is used as is. Subsequently, the method grinds the graphene precursor to provide a desired particle size. The particles of graphene precursor (biocoal or coal) are converted to graphene by catalytic conversion on metallic foil under atmospheric conditions and in the absence of hydrogen.

    Synthesis gas and Fischer Tropsch integrated process
    6.
    发明授权
    Synthesis gas and Fischer Tropsch integrated process 有权
    合成气和费托综合工艺

    公开(公告)号：US09067850B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-06-30

    申请号：US14345554

    申请日：2012-07-23

    申请人： Peter Edward James Abbott

    发明人： Peter Edward James Abbott

    IPC分类号： C07C27/06 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C07C29/151 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C10G2/00 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/38 ,  B01D53/22

    CPC分类号： C07C1/0485 ,  B01D53/229 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/062 ,  C07C29/1518 ,  C10G2/30 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K3/04 ,  Y02P20/125

    摘要： Process for synthesizing hydrocarbons includes: reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock containing inert gases in reforming stages to generate a synthesis gas including the inert gases, steam, hydrogen and carbon monoxide; cooling the synthesis gas below the dew point to obtain a dewatered synthesis gas; synthesizing hydrocarbons from the dewatered synthesis gas by the Fischer-Tropsch reaction and separating at least part of the synthesized hydrocarbons, to give a tail gas; subjecting a mixture of at least part of the tail gas and steam to the water-gas shift reaction, to form shifted tail gas having increased hydrogen and carbon dioxide contents; subjecting the shifted tail gas to one or more membrane separation stages thereby generating an inert gas-containing gas mixture and one or more of a hydrogen-, carbon dioxide- and a hydrocarbon-containing gas mixture; and using one or more of the hydrogen-, carbon dioxide- and hydrocarbon-containing gas mixture in a reformer feed stream.

    摘要翻译： 合成烃的方法包括：在重整阶段重整含有惰性气体的烃原料以产生包括惰性气体，蒸汽，氢气和一氧化碳的合成气; 冷却低于露点的合成气，得到脱水合成气; 通过费 - 托反应从脱水合成气中合成烃，并分离至少部分合成的烃，得到尾气; 使至少部分尾气和蒸汽的混合物进行水煤气变换反应，形成具有增加的氢和二氧化碳含量的转移尾气; 将转移的尾气经受一个或多个膜分离阶段，从而产生含惰性气体的气体混合物和一种或多种含氢气，二氧化碳和含烃气体混合物; 并在重整器进料流中使用一种或多种含氢气，二氧化碳和含烃气体混合物。

    System, process and reactor for conducting a synthesis gas conversion reaction
    7.
    发明授权
    System, process and reactor for conducting a synthesis gas conversion reaction 有权
    用于进行合成气转化反应的系统，工艺和反应器

    公开(公告)号：US09023901B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-05-05

    申请号：US13955897

    申请日：2013-07-31

    申请人： Lixin You ,  Shabbir Husain ,  Christopher M. Chen

    发明人： Lixin You ,  Shabbir Husain ,  Christopher M. Chen

    IPC分类号： C07C27/06 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C10G2/00

    CPC分类号： C07C1/0485 ,  C07C1/041 ,  C07C2523/75 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G2/332 ,  C10G2/341 ,  C07C11/02

    摘要： A synthesis gas conversion process and system are disclosed. Fresh syngas from a methane reformer is used as a sweep zone gas feed which is caused to flow across a water permselective membrane in a membrane reactor. The water permselective membrane is adjacent a synthesis gas conversion reaction zone in which synthesis gas is contacted with a catalyst and converted to effluent including water. Water is removed from the reaction zone through the membrane and passes out of the reactor with the sweep zone gas. The water is then removed from the sweep zone gas forming a modified gas feed which is fed to the reaction zone. The modified gas feed has a preferred H2/CO ratio to feed into the reaction zone.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种合成气转化方法和系统。 使用来自甲烷重整器的新鲜合成气作为吹扫区气体进料，其被流过膜反应器中的水选择性膜。 水选择性膜与合成气转化反应区相邻，其中合成气与催化剂接触并转化成包含水的流出物。 通过膜从反应区域除去水，并用扫气区气体从反应器中排出。 然后将水从吹扫区气体中除去，形成进料到反应区的改性气体进料。 改性气体进料具有优选的进料到反应区中的H 2 / CO比。

    Continuous ethyl acetate production and hydrogenolysis thereof
    9.
    发明授权
    Continuous ethyl acetate production and hydrogenolysis thereof 有权
    连续的乙酸乙酯生产和氢解

    公开(公告)号：US08802901B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-08-12

    申请号：US13299878

    申请日：2011-11-18

    申请人： R. Jay Warner ,  Wei Qi ,  Tatiana Sonnenberg

    发明人： R. Jay Warner ,  Wei Qi ,  Tatiana Sonnenberg

    IPC分类号： C07C27/06 ,  C07C27/08 ,  C07C27/30 ,  C07C31/08

    CPC分类号： C07C29/80 ,  C07C27/06 ,  C07C27/08 ,  C07C27/30 ,  C07C29/86 ,  C07C29/92 ,  C07C31/08

    摘要： Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing an esterification product, such as ethyl acetate. The processes comprise esterifying acetic acid and an alcohol such as ethanol to produce an esterification product. The esterification product is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising the alcohol, in particular ethanol, which may be separated from the crude reaction mixture. Ethyl acetate from the crude reaction mixture may be recovered as returned to assist in recovering the esterification product.

    摘要翻译： 本文公开了通过还原酯化产物如乙酸乙酯生产醇的方法。 该方法包括酯化乙酸和醇如乙醇以产生酯化产物。 在催化剂存在下，用氢还原酯化产物，得到包含可与粗反应混合物分离的醇，特别是乙醇的粗反应混合物。 可以从粗反应混合物中回收乙酸乙酯以帮助回收酯化产物。

    Catalyst comprising palladium and its application in selective hydrogenation
    10.
    发明授权
    Catalyst comprising palladium and its application in selective hydrogenation 有权
    包含钯的催化剂及其在选择性氢化中的应用

    公开(公告)号：US08637719B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-01-28

    申请号：US12740240

    申请日：2008-10-24

    申请人： Lars Fischer ,  Carine Petit-Clair ,  Cecile Thomazeau ,  Lois Sorbier ,  Catherine Verdon

    发明人： Lars Fischer ,  Carine Petit-Clair ,  Cecile Thomazeau ,  Lois Sorbier ,  Catherine Verdon

    IPC分类号： C07C5/00 ,  C07C5/13 ,  C07C2/00 ,  C07C27/00 ,  C07C27/06 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J21/00

    CPC分类号： B01J23/58 ,  B01J35/0066 ,  B01J35/008 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1019 ,  B01J37/0211 ,  B01J37/06 ,  B01J37/16 ,  C10G45/40 ,  C10G45/62

    摘要： The invention concerns a catalyst comprising a porous support, palladium, at least one metal selected from the group constituted by alkalis and alkaline-earths, in which: the specific surface area of the porous support is in the range 50 to 210 m2/g; the palladium content in the catalyst is in the range 0.05% to 2% by weight; at least 80% by weight of the palladium is distributed in a crust at the periphery of the support, the thickness of said crust being in the range 20 to 200 μm; the metallic dispersion D is in the range 25% to 70%; the density of the palladium particles in the crust is in the range 1500 to 4100 particles of palladium per μm2; and said alkali and/or alkaline-earth metal is distributed homogeneously across the support. The invention also concerns the preparation of the catalyst and its use in selective hydrogenation.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及包含多孔载体钯，至少一种选自碱金属和碱土金属的金属的催化剂，其中多孔载体的比表面积为50-210m2 / g; 催化剂中的钯含量为0.05〜2重量％; 至少80重量％的钯分布在支撑体周边的外壳中，所述外壳的厚度在20至200μm的范围内; 金属分散体D在25％至70％的范围内; 地壳中的钯颗粒的密度在每毫米2的1500至4100个钯的颗粒范围内; 并且所述碱和/或碱土金属均匀地分布在载体上。 本发明还涉及催化剂的制备及其在选择性氢化中的用途。