公开(公告)号：US4281177A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-28

申请号：US169899

申请日：1980-07-17

Applicant: Mark A. Sprecker ,  Robert W. Trenkle ,  Braja D. Mookherjee ,  Manfred H. Vock ,  Joaquin F. Vinals ,  Jacob Kiwala ,  Frederick L. Schmitt

Inventor： Mark A. Sprecker ,  Robert W. Trenkle ,  Braja D. Mookherjee ,  Manfred H. Vock ,  Joaquin F. Vinals ,  Jacob Kiwala ,  Frederick L. Schmitt

IPC: C07C45/54 ,  C07C45/56 ,  C07C45/64 ,  C07C47/19 ,  C11B9/00 ,  C07C143/16 ,  C07C141/00

CPC classification number: C11B9/0015 ,  C07C45/54 ,  C07C45/56 ,  C07C45/64 ,  C07C47/19

Abstract: Described is the compound 6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylheptanal and methods for preparing foodstuffs, flavoring compositions for foodstuffs, tobacco compositions, flavoring cmpositions for tobacco, perfume compositions, ingredients for perfume compositions, perfumed articles and ingredients for perfumed articles by including said 6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylheptanal therein in order to produce:(a) In food flavorings, sweet, green, melon-like, tropical fruit-like, seedy and raspberry aromas and/or tastes;(b) In perfumes, sweet, green, melony, floral and muguet-like aromas; and(c) In tobaccos, sweet, fruity-melon-like, peach-like, and floral aromas prior to and on smoking in the main stream and in the sidestream in smoking tobaccos and the same aroma and taste nuances in the filter.Processes for synthesizing the 6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylheptanal by hydrolysis of 2,6-dimethyl-5-heptenal are also described.

Abstract translation: 描述了化合物6-羟基-2,6-二甲基庚醛以及制备食品的方法，用于食品的调味组合物，烟草组合物，烟草调味剂组合物，香料组合物，用于香料组合物的成分，香料制品和用于香料制品的成分，包括所述 6-羟基-2,6-二甲基庚醛，以产生：（a）在食品香料中，甜味，绿色，瓜类，热带水果样，种子和覆盆子香气和/或口味; （b）香水，甜，绿，香，香，香，香; 和（c）在主烟道和吸烟烟草之间的吸烟之前和烟草中的烟草，甜味，水果甜瓜，桃子和花香味，以及过滤器中相同的香气和味道细微之处。 还描述了通过2,6-二甲基-5-庚烯醛水解合成6-羟基-2,6-二甲基庚醛的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4153625A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-08

申请号：US701724

申请日：1976-07-01

Applicant: Brandon H. Barton ,  John A. Sagel

Inventor： Brandon H. Barton ,  John A. Sagel

IPC: B01J19/00 ,  C07C303/44 ,  C11D11/04 ,  C07C141/00

CPC classification number: C07C303/00 ,  C11D11/04

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for neutralizing detergent acid mixes containing unreacted sulfating agent such as sulfuric acid with an alkaline component such as sodium hydroxide. The neutralization process is highly exothermic and contains as a by-product large amounts of sodium sulfate. Due to the exothermic nature of the reaction it is necessary to use heat exchangers to regulate the temperature of the reaction mass following the addition of the alkaline component. When the sodium sulfate is supersaturated in the reaction mass, it has been observed that sulfate salts buildup upon the surfaces of the heat exchanger and eventually the system must be shut down to remove the buildup. This invention is therefore directed to a continuous neutralization and heat exchange process wherein the downtime required for removal of the sulfate salts from the heat exchanger surfaces is effectively eliminated.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种中和含有未反应的硫酸化剂如硫酸的洗涤剂酸混合物与碱性组分如氢氧化钠的方法。 中和过程是高度放热的，并含有副产物大量的硫酸钠。 由于反应的放热性质，在添加碱性成分后，需要使用热交换器来调节反应物质的温度。 当硫酸钠在反应物质中过饱和时，已经观察到硫酸盐积聚在热交换器的表面上，并且最终必须关闭系统以除去积聚物。 因此，本发明涉及一种连续的中和和热交换方法，其中有效地消除了从热交换器表面除去硫酸盐所需的停机时间。

公开(公告)号：US3565939A

公开(公告)日：1971-02-23

申请号：US3565939D

申请日：1967-06-09

Applicant: STANDARD CHEM PRODUCTS INC

Inventor： BEISER ARTHUR L

IPC: C07C305/06 ,  C07C141/00 ,  C07C141/02

CPC classification number: C07C305/00

Abstract: THIS INVENTION RELATES TO PARTIALLY NEUTRALIZED LIQUID SULFURIC ACID ESTERS OF ETHOXYLATED ALCOHOLS HAVING IMPROVED STABILITY PRODUCED BY THE PROCESS WHICH COMPRISES THE STEPS OF (A) ADDING IN GASEOUS FORM FROM ABOUT 10% TO ABOUT 55% OF THE THEORETICAL FOR NEUTRALIZATION OF AN ANHYDROUS NEUTRALIZING AGENT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP OF AMMONIA AND ALKYL AMINES HAVING 1-3 CARBON ATOMS AND BEING GASEOUS AT A TEMPERATURE OF 35%C. TO AN ANHYDROUS SULFURIC ACID ESTER OF AN ETHOXYLATED ALCOHOL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF

(1) COMPOUNDS OF THE FORMULA

R-CH2-O-(CH2-CH2-O)N-SO3H

(2) COMPOUNDS OF THE FORMULA

R''-O-(CH2-CH2-O)N-SO3H

(3) COMPOUNDS OF THE FORMULA

R1-CH(-R2)-O-(CH2-CH2-O)N-SO3H

AND (4) MIXTURES OF THE ABOVE;

WHEREIN R REPRESENTS A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKYL HAVING FROM 5 TO 19 CARBON ATOMS, ALKENYL HAVING FROM 5 TO 19 CARBON ATOMS, AND HYDROXYALKYL HAVING FROM 5 TO 19 CARBON ATOMS; R'' REPRESENTS ALKYLARYL HAVING FROM 7 TO 24 CARBON ATOMS; R1 AND R2 REPRESENT ALKYL HAVING FROM 1 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS AND THE TOTAL OF THE CARBON ATOMS IN R1 AND R2 IS FROM 5 TO 19; AND N REPRESENTS AN INTEGER OF FROM 2 TO 17; AT A TEMPERATURE BELOW 125*C.; AND (B) RECOVERING SAID LIQUID SULFURIC ACIDESTERS OF ETHOXYLATED ALCOHOLS HAVING IMPROVED STABILITY.

公开(公告)号：US3493615A

公开(公告)日：1970-02-03

申请号：US3493615D

申请日：1968-10-28

Applicant: COLGATE PALMOLIVE CO

Inventor： BAUMAN ROBERT ANDREW

IPC: C07C87/30 ,  A61K27/00 ,  C07C141/00

CPC classification number: A61K31/14

公开(公告)号：US3431306A

公开(公告)日：1969-03-04

申请号：US3431306D

申请日：1964-10-26

Applicant: COTTON SILK & MAN MADE FIBRES

Inventor： HEAD FRANK SAMUEL HENRY ,  LUND GERALD

IPC: C07C49/82 ,  C07C49/84 ,  C07C317/14 ,  C07C317/22 ,  C07C317/24 ,  C07C317/46 ,  C09K15/00 ,  D06M13/127 ,  C07C141/00 ,  D06M13/26

CPC classification number: D06M13/127 ,  C07C317/22 ,  C07C317/24 ,  C07C317/46 ,  C07C323/00

公开(公告)号：US4613466A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-23

申请号：US754751

申请日：1985-07-15

Applicant: Franz Merger ,  Gerhard Nestler ,  Friedrich Towae ,  Hans Hellbach

Inventor： Franz Merger ,  Gerhard Nestler ,  Friedrich Towae ,  Hans Hellbach

IPC: C07C263/04 ,  C07C265/04 ,  C08G18/73 ,  C07C141/00

CPC classification number: C08G18/73 ,  C07C263/04

Abstract: Hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate and/or isomeric aliphatic diisocyanates where alkylene is of 6 carbon atoms, preferably 2-methylpentamethylene 1,5-diisocyanate and/or 2-ethyltetramethylene 1,4-diisocyanate, are prepared by a process wherein the corresponding dialkylurethanes are vaporized, without decomposition, at from 220.degree. to 300.degree. C., advantageously under reduced pressure, the dialkylurethane vapors are subjected to thermal cleavage under reduced pressure, preferably from 0.1 to 200 mbar, and at above 300.degree. C., preferably from 310.degree. to 480.degree. C. The cleavage products are fractionally condensed with the product obtained in the first condensation stage consisting predominantly of the diisocyanates, while that obtained in the second condensation stage is the alcohol.

Abstract translation: 其中亚烷基具有6个碳原子的六亚甲基-1,6-二异氰酸酯和/或异构脂族二异氰酸酯，优选2-甲基五亚甲基-1,5-二异氰酸酯和/或2-乙基四亚甲基1,4-二异氰酸酯，其中相应的二烷基氨基甲酸酯 在220℃至300℃，有利地在减压下蒸发而不分解，将二烷基氨基甲酸酯蒸气在减压下进行热裂解，优选在0.1至200毫巴，高于300℃，优选从 310℃至480℃。裂解产物与主要由二异氰酸酯组成的第一冷凝阶段中获得的产物分馏，而在第二冷凝阶段获得的产物是醇。

公开(公告)号：US4435330A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-06

申请号：US457609

申请日：1982-12-29

Applicant: Robert A. Falk

Inventor： Robert A. Falk

IPC: C09K3/18 ,  B01F17/18 ,  B01F17/32 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C301/00 ,  C07C303/24 ,  C07C303/40 ,  C07C305/02 ,  C07C311/00 ,  C07C313/00 ,  C07C323/12 ,  C07C323/25 ,  C07C323/60 ,  C07C323/67 ,  C11D1/00 ,  C11D1/92 ,  C07C141/00 ,  C07C141/02

CPC classification number: C11D1/004

Abstract: Amphoteric branched sulfatobetaines of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f is perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroxyperfluoroalkyl; R.sub.1 is a direct bond or a divalent connecting group; R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are independently lower alkyl, and R.sub.6 may additionally represent aralkyl, and R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached may also represent piperidino or morpholino and R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 taken together may also represent pyridyl, acridyl or quinolyl and salts thereof, their preparation and use as surfactants are disclosed.

Abstract translation: 其中Rf是全氟烷基或全氟氧氟全氟烷基的两性支链硫酸酯甜菜碱， R1是直接键或二价连接基团; R2，R3和R4独立地是氢或低级烷基; R5，R6和R7独立地为低级烷基，R6可以另外表示芳烷基，R6和R7与它们所连接的氮一起也可以表示哌啶子基或吗啉代，R5，R6和R7一起也可以表示吡啶基， 吖啶基或喹啉基及其盐，它们的制备和用作表面活性剂。

公开(公告)号：US3931271A

公开(公告)日：1976-01-06

申请号：US118549

申请日：1971-02-24

Applicant: Horst Baumann ,  Wilfried Umbach ,  Werner Stein

Inventor： Horst Baumann ,  Wilfried Umbach ,  Werner Stein

IPC: C07C309/65 ,  C07C29/52 ,  C07C303/24 ,  C07C303/28 ,  C11D1/29 ,  C07C139/00 ,  C07C139/10 ,  C07C141/00

CPC classification number: C07C29/52 ,  C07C303/24 ,  C11D1/29

Abstract: A process for the production of secondary alcohol ether sulfates which consists essentially of reacting adducts of secondary alkanols having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms adducted with 1 to 10 mols of an alkylene oxide selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, said adduct having at least 1 mol of oxypropylene per mol of alcohol, with at least a molecular equivalent of a sulfating agent stronger than concentrated sulfuric acid at temperatures of from 0.degree.C to 50.degree.C and recovering said secondary alcohol ether sulfate.THE PRIOR ARTAt present secondary alcohols can be prepared from inexpensive raw materials, such as by oxidation of paraffins, substantially simpler than the preparation of primary alcohols. However, up to now the practical use of secondary alcohols is limited to non-ionic products prepared from them. Surface-active sulfates derived from secondary alcohols are used only in small amounts since the preparation of such raw materials for washing agents is very difficult, because of the instability of the secondary alkylsulfates. Primary alcohols, on the contrary, can be converted simply and with good yields into surface-active sulfates. In the sulfation of secondary alcohols, the conversion rates are low. In order to obtain somewhat usable products, expensive procedures have to be introduced, such as working with solvents and adduct formers, use of special sulfating agents, such as, for example, amidosulfonic acid, etc., as well as the addition of ethylene oxide adducts of primary alcohols. On the other hand, there is the possibility that by reaction of secondary alcohols with ethylene oxide, adducts with primary hydroxyl groups can be prepared, the sulfation products of which could be expected to have greater stability.It is, however, very difficult to prepare ethoxylates of secondary alcohols with a high conversion rate and small amounts of by-products. A higher conversion rate of the secondary alcohols with ethylene oxide can only be attained by relatively cumbersome procedures, such as, for example, a two-step ethoxylation in which in the first step an acidic catalyst is used and, after distilling off the unreacted secondary alcohol, in the second step an alkaline catalyst is utilized. However, the ethoxylated secondary alcohols obtained by this expensive procedure are also unsatisfactorily sulfated and can only be sulfated by the application of special procedures. This is difficult to explain since by the ethoxylation of secondary alcohols, adducts with primary hydroxyl groups were formed.OBJECTS OF THE INVENTIONAn object of the present invention is the development of a simple process for the production of secondary alcohol ether sulfates utilizing conventional strong sulfating agents to give products with a high degree of sulfation.Another object of the invention is the development of a process for the production of secondary alcohol ether sulfates which consists essentially of reacting adducts of secondary alkanols having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms adducted with 1 to 10 mols of an alkylene oxide selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, said adduct having at least 1 mol of oxypropylene per mol of alcohol, with at least a molecular equivalent of a sulfating agent stronger than concentrated sulfuric acid at temperatures of from 0.degree.C to 50.degree.C and recovering said secondary alcohol ether sulfate.These and other objects of the invention will become more apparent as the description thereof proceeds.DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONIt has now been surprisingly found that alkylene oxide adducts of secondary alcohols which contain at least one propylene glycol ether group can be sulfated simply with a high conversion rate. This result was the more unexpected since, as is known, on the introduction of propylene glycol ether groups by propoxylation, adducts with predominately secondary hydroxyl groups are formed. Therefore, the same difficulties in the further reaction of these adducts, especially in sulfation, would be expected as in the sulfation of secondary alcohols themselves. With this expectation, the sulfation of secondary alcohol propoxylates would appear to the expert as having little prospect of good yields.The invention relates, therefore, to a process for the preparation of surface-active ether and polyether sulfates which is characterized in that adducts of secondary alkanols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms adducted with 1 to 10 mols of alkylene oxide, possessing in the average at least 1 mol of propylene oxide per mol of alcohol, are reacted in a known manner at temperatures between 0.degree.C and 50.degree.C, particularly from 10.degree.C and 30.degree.C, with strong sulfating agents in at least stoichiometric amounts.As starting materials those adducts may be used that were obtained (1) by ethoxylation of secondary alcohols in the first step and subsequent propoxylation of the reaction mixtures, or (2) by reaction of secondary alcohols with ethylene oxide/propylene oxide mixtures, or (3) by the ethoxylation of reaction mixtures of secondary alcohols with propylene oxide, or (4) by pure propoxylation of secondary alcohols. The preferred starting materials are the adducts of propylene oxide to secondary alcohols or secondary alkanol propoxylates having 6 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkanol and 1 to 10 oxypropylene units.The mixed alkoxylates to be used contain preferably 1 to 4, particularly 2 to 3, oxyethylene groups. Of particular advantage among the pure propylene oxide adducts are those substance mixtures which were obtained by reaction of 1.5 to 5 mols of propylene oxide with 1 mol of secondary alcohol.The starting materials can be obtained by conventional alkoxylation methods. The alkoxylation can be carried out both anionically, in the presence of alkaline alkoxylation catalysts, such as alkali metal hydroxides or alkali metal alcoholates, particularly sodium, potassium and lithium lower alkanolates, and cationically in the presence of acidic catalysts, such as BF.sub.3, or in the presence of the tertiary oxonium salts described as alkoxylation catalysts in Belgian Pat. No. 715,048.If mixed adducts are used which have been obtained by propoxylation of ethylene oxide adducts of secondary alcohols as starting materials, such mixed adducts are preferred in which the alkoxylation in the first step was carried out by a cationic catalyst and in the second step with an anionic catalyst.Among the mixed adducts which are obtained by simultaneous addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, or by propoxylation in the first step and ethoxylation in the second step, as well as in the pure propoxylation products, these are preferably prepared by reaction with an anionic catalyst.The secondary alcohols utilized to prepare the alkoxylation mixtures can be either compounds of uniform chain length or mixtures of homologs. Of particular economic advantage are those alcohol mixtures which have been obtained by the oxidation of paraffins in the presence of boron compounds, such as, for example, boric acid, boron trioxide, borates, boric acid esters, as well as other known reagents for the formation of secondary alcohols, such as arsenic acid, arsenic acid esters, arsenic trioxide, and others.The alkoxylation mixtures utilizable for the subsequent sulfation can be used as crude products, that is, without intervening purification or processing operations. This is of essential importance for the technical execution of the process. These crude alkoxylation mixtures contain, therefore, in addition to the desired alkylene oxide adducts of secondary alcohols, as secondary constituents, the corresponding alkylene and/or polyalkylene glycols as well as, possibly, non-reacted secondary alcohol. The sulfation of the alkoxylate mixture is preferably carried out in the temperature range of from 10.degree.C to 30.degree.C.By "strong sulfating agents" are meant those which are stronger than concentrated sulfuric acid, for example, SO.sub.3 or SO.sub.3 /air mixtures, oleum, chlorosulfonic acid, and the like. The addition of adduct formers for the sulfating agent or the presence of solvents are not required in the process. The preferred sulfating agent is chlorosulfonic acid. The mol ratio between the alkoxylate and the sulfating agent is advantageously chosen in the range of from 1:1.0 to 1:1.2, particularly in the range of from 1:1.02 to 1:1.1.The sulfation reaction can be carried out continuously or discontinuously. The reaction times lie between fractions of seconds to about 20 minutes, depending upon the sulfating agent and/or sulfating apparatus used. Particularly short reaction times are attained if the reaction is carried out with very strong sulfating agents, such as SO.sub.3 /air mixtures, in modern short-time sulfation reactors which operate by the split-ring or falling film principle.The products of the process have a substantially higher degree of sulfation than the products obtained by the sulfation of technical ethylene oxide adducts of secondary alcohols. They have, without further processing, very good surface-active properties and are superior, particularly in regard to their wetting action, to the known commercial sulfated adducts of ethylene oxide to primary alcohols.The advantages attainable with the invention consist primarily in that as a raw material source for surface-active, water-soluble sulfates, secondary alcohols have been made available. Particularly those secondary alcohols which are easily obtainable by paraffin oxidation in the presence of the above-named oxidation catalysts to produce secondary alcohols with statistically distributed hydroxyl groups. These alcohols are converted by alkoxylation to the substances suitable for sulfation. Thus, these petrochemical raw materials can form the basis for the desired surface-active substances. Anionic active derivatives of secondary alcohols were up to now technically not producible by a simple way although secondary alcohols have been produced for some time on a large scale. The use of secondary alcohols was, therefore, until now limited to the production of non-ionic substances.A further advantage of the process according to the invention can be seen in that the necessary alkoxylation may be carried out without a large expense in regard to catalysts and/or equipment.The following examples are illustrative of the invention without being deemed limitative in any respect.

Abstract translation: 一种生产仲醇醚硫酸盐的方法，其主要包括与6至22个碳原子的仲烷醇的加合物加成1至10摩尔选自环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的环氧烷烃，所述加合物 每摩尔醇具有至少1摩尔氧化丙烯，至少在0℃至50℃的温度下至少分子当量的硫酸化剂比浓硫酸更强，并回收所述仲醇醚硫酸盐。

公开(公告)号：US3894070A

公开(公告)日：1975-07-08

申请号：US27883072

申请日：1972-08-08

Applicant: NIKKA CHEMICAL IND CO LTD

Inventor： TOMIYAMA IWAO ,  SAKAI TADAYOSHI ,  HASHIZUME SHINOBU ,  IKEDA KANJIN

IPC: C08G65/26 ,  C08G65/326 ,  D06M13/256 ,  D06P1/607 ,  D06P3/32 ,  D06P3/36 ,  C07C93/04 ,  C07C141/00

CPC classification number: D06M13/256 ,  C08G65/2624 ,  C08G65/326 ,  D06P1/607 ,  D06P3/32 ,  D06P3/36 ,  Y10S8/907 ,  Y10S8/908 ,  Y10S8/922

Abstract: A surface active compound, useful for level dyeing hydrophobic synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers with disperse dyes, said surface active compounds having the formula

WHEREIN S represents an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,

T represents an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,

N IS AN INTEGER OF 0 TO 4; X represents an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; Y represents -O- or

R1 and R2 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms but one of R1 and R2 should be the alkyl group if the other is the hydrogen atom; Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 each represents a hydrogen atom or -SO3M wherein M represents an alkali metal atom or an organic amine residue, at least one of Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 is -SO3M; and l1, l2, l3, l4, m1, m2, m3, m4, m5 and m6 are a positive integer satisfying the following relationship:

Abstract translation: 一种表面活性化合物，用于使用疏水性合成纤维（如具有分散染料的聚酯纤维）进行染色的表面活性化合物，所述表面活性化合物具有式WHEREIN S表示具有1至22个碳原子的烷基，T表示具有1至22个碳原子的烷基 原子，N是0到4的整数; X表示碳原子数2〜6的亚烷基。 Y表示-O-或R1，R2各自表示氢原子或碳原子数1〜22的烷基，但如果另一方为氢原子，则R 1和R 2中的一个为烷基; Z1，Z2，Z3和Z4各自表示氢原子或-SO3M，其中M表示碱金属原子或有机胺残基，Z1，Z2，Z3和Z4中的至少一个为-SO 3 M; l1，l2，l3，l4，m1，m2，m3，m4，m5和m6是满足以下关系的正整数：1

公开(公告)号：US3839417A

公开(公告)日：1974-10-01

申请号：US23852472

申请日：1972-03-27

Applicant: HOECHST AG

Inventor： WALDMANN K

IPC: C08F2/24 ,  C08F2/26 ,  C08F20/22 ,  C07C141/00

CPC classification number: C08F2/26 ,  C08F20/22 ,  Y10S516/02 ,  Y10S516/912

Abstract: 1. COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA

X-CAF2A-V-S2O3M

IN WHICH X IS HYDROGEN OR FLUORINE, A IS A NUMBER FROM 4 TO 14, M IS AN ALKALI METAL ION AND V IS A BIVALENT RADICAL CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE BUT NOT MORE THAN A METHYLENE RADICALS; V HAVING THE FORMULA

-(CHR'')B-O-CO-NR-(CH2)G-

WHERE B IS 1 OR 2, G IS A NUMBER FROM 1 TO 12 AND R AND R'' ARE HYDROGEN OR LOWER ALKYL.