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    Carbonation of metal silicates for long-term CO2 sequestration
    1.
    发明申请
    Carbonation of metal silicates for long-term CO2 sequestration 审中-公开
    用于长期二氧化碳封存的金属硅酸盐的碳化

    公开(公告)号：US20040213705A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-10-28

    申请号：US10706583

    申请日：2003-11-12

    Inventor： James G. Blencoe ,  Donald A. Palmer ,  Lawrence M. Anovitz ,  James S. Beard

    IPC: C01B031/20 ,  B01J008/02

    CPC classification number: B01D53/62 ,  B01D2251/30 ,  B01D2251/604 ,  B01D2258/02 ,  C01B32/60 ,  C01F5/24 ,  C01F11/18 ,  C01F11/181 ,  Y02C10/04 ,  Y02P20/152

    Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a process of sequestering carbon dioxide. The process comprises the steps of: (a) reacting a metal silicate with a caustic alkali-metal hydroxide to produce a hydroxide of the metal formerly contained in the silicate; (b) reacting carbon dioxide with at least one of a caustic alkali-metal hydroxide and an alkali-metal silicate to produce at least one of an alkali-metal carbonate and an alkali-metal bicarbonate; and (c) reacting the metal hydroxide product of step (a) with at least one of the alkali-metal carbonate and the alkali-metal bicarbonate produced in step (b) to produce a carbonate of the metal formerly contained in the metal silicate of step (a).

    Abstract translation: 在优选的实施方案中，本发明涉及隔离二氧化碳的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）使金属硅酸盐与苛性碱金属氢氧化物反应以产生以前包含在硅酸盐中的金属的氢氧化物; （b）使二氧化碳与苛性碱金属氢氧化物和碱金属硅酸盐中的至少一种反应以产生碱金属碳酸盐和碱金属碳酸氢盐中的至少一种; 和（c）使步骤（a）的金属氢氧化物产物与步骤（b）中制备的碱金属碳酸盐和碱金属碳酸氢盐中的至少一种反应，以产生以前包含在金属硅酸盐中的金属的碳酸盐 步骤（a）。

    Compact partial oxidation/steam reactor with integrated air preheater, fuel and water vaporizer
    3.
    发明申请
    Compact partial oxidation/steam reactor with integrated air preheater, fuel and water vaporizer 有权
    紧凑型部分氧化/蒸汽反应堆，集成空气预热器，燃料和水蒸发器

    公开(公告)号：US20040047800A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-03-11

    申请号：US10236828

    申请日：2002-09-06

    Inventor： Mohammed E.H. Sennoun ,  William H. Pettit ,  Rodney L. Borup ,  Gerald E. Voecks

    IPC: C01B003/26 ,  B01J008/02

    CPC classification number: C01B3/48 ,  B01B1/005 ,  B01J8/0411 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/80 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  Y02P20/129

    Abstract: A compact autothermal (partial oxidation and steam reforming) fuel reactor is provided for implementation with a fuel cell system. The reactor includes a premixing chamber for premixing a volume of air, steam and fuel into an effluent, a thermal POX reactor, a first stage reforming segment, a post-premix chamber, and a second stage reforming segment. Further provided are a water/fuel vaporizer for supplying steam and fuel as a gas to the premix chamber and an airflow cavity disposed about the reactor for pre-heating air supplied to the premix chamber. The thermal POX segment operates during an initial start-up period for pre-heating the other components of the reactor. Once the other components achieve an operation temperature, the first and second stage reforming segments catalytically reform the effluent. The premix and post-premix chambers enable variance in the O/C and S/C ratios to be achieved as the effluent is reformed through the multiple stages.

    Abstract translation: 提供紧凑型自热（部分氧化和蒸汽重整）燃料反应器用于实施燃料电池系统。 反应器包括预混合室，用于将体积的空气，蒸汽和燃料预先混合到流出物中，热POX反应器，第一级重整段，后预混合室和第二级重整段。 还提供了一种用于将蒸汽和燃料作为气体供应到预混合室的水/燃料蒸发器和设置在反应器周围的用于预加热供应到预混合室的空气的气流腔。 热POX段在初始启动期间运行，用于预热反应堆的其他部件。 一旦其它组分达到操作温度，第一和第二阶段重整段催化改性流出物。 预混合和预混合室可以实现O / C和S / C比的变化，因为流出物通过多级重整。

    Method and reactor system for converting oxygenate contaminants in an MTO reactor system product effluent to hydrocarbons
    4.
    发明申请
    Method and reactor system for converting oxygenate contaminants in an MTO reactor system product effluent to hydrocarbons 失效
    将MTO反应器系统产物流出物中的含氧化合物污染物转化为烃的方法和反应器系统

    公开(公告)号：US20040039239A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-02-26

    申请号：US10224160

    申请日：2002-08-20

    Inventor： John Richard Shutt

    IPC: C07C001/00 ,  B01J008/02

    CPC classification number: C07C5/03 ,  C07C1/20 ,  C07C2523/28 ,  C07C2523/30 ,  C07C2523/75 ,  C07C2523/755 ,  Y02P30/42 ,  C07C11/02 ,  C07C11/04 ,  C07C11/06 ,  C07C9/00

    Abstract: Disclosed is a method and reactor system for converting oxygenate and/or olefin contaminants in a methanol to olefin reactor system product effluent to hydrocarbons, including paraffin compounds, preferably over a sulphided catalyst of the type Nickel or Cobalt combined with Molybdenum or Tungsten. In one embodiment, the oxygenate-containing stream to be hydrogenated comprises one or more of the following streams, alone or in combination: a quench tower bottoms stream, a water absorption unit bottoms stream, a C4null stream, and/or a C5null stream.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于将甲醇中的含氧化合物和/或烯烃污染物转化为烯烃反应器系统产物流出物的方法和反应器系统，其包括石蜡化合物，优选在与钼或钨结合的镍或钴类型的硫化催化剂上。 在一个实施方案中，待氢化的含氧化合物流包含单独或组合的一种或多种以下物流：骤冷塔底部物流，吸水单元塔底物流，C4 +物流和/或C5 +物流。

    Preferential oxidation reactor and process
    5.
    发明申请
    Preferential oxidation reactor and process 失效
    优选氧化反应器及工艺

    公开(公告)号：US20040018134A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-01-29

    申请号：US10207704

    申请日：2002-07-26

    Inventor： Ke Liu ,  Sean C. Emerson ,  Richard James Bellows

    IPC: B01J008/02 ,  B01J008/04

    CPC classification number: C01B3/583 ,  B01J8/0407 ,  B01J8/0492 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  C01B2203/0205 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  H01M8/0612

    Abstract: An apparatus for preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide in a reformate flow includes a reactor defining a flow path for a reformate flow; at least one catalyst bed disposed along the flow path; and a distributor for distributing oxygen from an oxygen source to the at least one catalyst bed, the distributor including a conduit positioned at least one of upstream of and through the at least one catalyst bed, the conduit having a sidewall permeable to flow of oxygen from within the conduit to the at least one catalyst bed.

    Abstract translation: 用于重整产品流中一氧化碳优先氧化的装置包括限定重整流程流动路径的反应器; 沿着流路设置的至少一个催化剂床; 以及用于将氧从氧源分配到所述至少一个催化剂床的分配器，所述分配器包括定位在所述至少一个催化剂床的上游和穿过所述至少一个催化剂床中的至少一个的导管，所述导管具有可渗透氧气流的侧壁 在至少一个催化剂床的导管内。

    Fluid processing device and method
    7.
    发明申请
    Fluid processing device and method 有权
    流体处理装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US20040013585A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-01-22

    申请号：US10164969

    申请日：2002-06-06

    Applicant: Battelle Memorial Institute

    Inventor： Greg A. Whyatt ,  James M. Davis

    IPC: B01J008/02 ,  F28F003/00

    CPC classification number: C01C1/0452 ,  B01B1/005 ,  B01J19/0093 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00783 ,  B01J2219/00835 ,  B01J2219/00873 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/583 ,  C01B3/586 ,  C01B2203/0205 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/0445 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01C1/0417 ,  F28D9/0043 ,  F28D9/0093 ,  F28D2021/0064 ,  F28F2260/02 ,  F28F2275/061 ,  Y02P20/52

    Abstract: A fluid processing unit having first and second interleaved flow paths in a cross flow configuration is disclosed. The first flow paths are substantially longer than the second flow paths such that the pressure drop in the second flow paths can be maintained at a relatively low level and temperature variations across the second flow paths are reduced. One or more of the flow paths can be microchannels. When used as a vaporizer and/or superheater, the longer first flow paths include an upstream liquid flow portion and a downstream vapor flow portion of enlarged cross sectional area. A substantial pressure drop is maintained through the upstream liquid flow portion for which one or more tortuous flow channels can be utilized. The unit is a thin panel, having a width substantially less its length or height, and is manufactured together with other thin units in a bonded stack of thin metal sheets. The individual units are then separated from the stack after bonding.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种具有横流构型的第一和第二交错流动路径的流体处理单元。 第一流动路径基本上比第二流动路径长，使得第二流动路径中的压降可以保持在相对较低的水平，并且跨越第二流动路径的温度变化减小。 一个或多个流路可以是微通道。 当用作蒸发器和/或过热器时，较长的第一流动路径包括上游液体流动部分和具有扩大横截面积的下游蒸汽流动部分。 通过可以利用一个或多个曲折流动通道的上游液体流动部分维持相当大的压降。 该单元是薄板，其宽度基本上小于其长度或高度，并且与薄金属片的粘合堆叠中的其它薄单元一起制造。 然后在粘结后将各个单元与堆叠分离。

    Lean-burn gasoline engine including exhaust system therefor
    8.
    发明申请
    Lean-burn gasoline engine including exhaust system therefor 审中-公开
    精炼汽油发动机，包括排气系统

    公开(公告)号：US20030213232A1

    公开(公告)日：2003-11-20

    申请号：US10376214

    申请日：2003-02-27

    Inventor： Robert James Brisley ,  Daniel Swallow ,  Martyn Vincent Twigg

    IPC: F01N003/00 ,  F01N003/10 ,  C01B035/00 ,  C01B033/00 ,  C01B031/00 ,  C01G030/00 ,  C01G028/00 ,  C01B025/00 ,  C01B023/00 ,  C01B021/00 ,  B01J008/02

    CPC classification number: F01N3/0835 ,  F01N3/0814 ,  F01N3/0842 ,  F01N3/085 ,  F01N13/009 ,  F01N13/0093 ,  F01N2250/12 ,  F01N2570/16 ,  Y02T10/22 ,  Y02T10/24

    Abstract: A lean-burn gasoline engine including an exhaust system, which system has a first oxidation catalyst for oxidizing engine-derived, unburned hydrocarbons during null>1 conditions, and a NOx-trap downstream of the oxidation catalyst. Also included in one embodiment is by-pass means arranged between an upstream end and a downstream end of the oxidation catalyst and means for switching at least some exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust system to flow in the bypass during rich or stoichiometric running conditions, thereby substantially to prevent bypassed exhaust gas from contacting the oxidation catalyst. Included in the invention are methods of treating the exhaust gas streams with the apparati defined above.

    Abstract translation: 一种稀燃汽油发动机，其包括排气系统，该系统具有用于在λ> 1条件下氧化发动机衍生的未燃烧烃的第一氧化催化剂和氧化催化剂下游的NOx捕获剂。 在一个实施例中还包括设置在氧化催化剂的上游端和下游端之间的旁通装置，以及用于在富集或化学计量运行条件下切换在排气系统中流动的至少一些废气流入旁路的装置，从而 基本上防止旁路废气与氧化催化剂接触。 本发明包括用上述方法处理废气流的方法。

    Combustion heater and fuel processor utilizing ceramic technology
    10.
    发明申请
    Combustion heater and fuel processor utilizing ceramic technology 审中-公开
    燃烧加热器和燃料处理器利用陶瓷技术

    公开(公告)号：US20030194359A1

    公开(公告)日：2003-10-16

    申请号：US10121274

    申请日：2002-04-12

    Inventor： Dominic Francis Gervasio ,  Daniel Zindel ,  Sonja Tasic ,  Stephen P. Rogers ,  Chowdary Ramesh Koripella ,  David L. Wilcox ,  Christopher K. Dyer

    IPC: B01J008/02 ,  F23D021/00

    CPC classification number: F23C13/00 ,  B01J19/249 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/2453 ,  B01J2219/2458 ,  B01J2219/2479 ,  B01J2219/2481 ,  B01J2219/2487 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B2203/0227 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0822 ,  C01B2203/1023 ,  C01B2203/1614 ,  F23C13/08 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0625 ,  Y02P20/128

    Abstract: A multilayered ceramic chemical combustion heater for use in an integrated fuel reformer including a three-dimensional multilayer fired ceramic carrier structure defining at least one ceramic cavity therein and a method of forming the chemical combustion heater. A catalyst is formed in combination with the at least one cavity, being introduced into the cavity subsequent to the firing of the ceramic structure, thereby defining a closed heating zone. The catalyst provides for complete air oxidation of an input fuel. The chemical combustion heater generates heat in proportion to the feed rate of the input fuel and air. The ceramic cavity further includes a fuel inlet, an air inlet, or a combination pre-mixed fuel/air inlet, and an outlet. Feedback control of the feed rate of the input fuel and air allows for the maintenance of the chemical combustion heater at a specific temperature. The fuel processor includes a monolithic three-dimensional multilayer ceramic carrier structure defining a fuel reformer having heat provided by the integrated chemical combustion heater.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于集成燃料重整器的多层陶瓷化学燃烧加热器，其包括在其中限定至少一个陶瓷腔的三维多层烧结陶瓷载体结构和形成化学燃烧加热器的方法。 催化剂与所述至少一个空腔组合形成，在陶瓷结构的烧制之后被引入空腔中，从而限定封闭的加热区。 催化剂提供输入燃料的完全空气氧化。 化学燃烧加热器与输入的燃料和空气的进料速率成比例地产生热量。 陶瓷腔还包括燃料入口，空气入口或预混合燃料/空气入口组合和出口。 输入燃料和空气的进料速率的反馈控制允许化学燃烧加热器在特定温度下的维护。 该燃料处理器包括一块整体式三维多层陶瓷载体结构，该结构限定了具有由集成化学燃烧加热器提供的热量的燃料重整器。

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