摘要:
An apparatus for treating paper web materials with a plasma, said apparatus comprising a dark space generated by a treatment electrode in a treatment zone. There is a counter electrode having a surface area in said treatment zone which is not greater than a surface area of said counter electrode. A power supply is included for driving either said treatment electrode or said counter electrode with an oscillating high voltage at a frequency less than about 2 MHz and greater than 1/tc where tc is the charging time of a web surface exposed to a rms ion current in the plasma.
摘要:
A surface treatment method for enhancing hydrophobicity of the surface of a film support is disclosed, comprising subjecting at least one side of the surface to a gas-discharge plasma treatment in a gas phase atmosphere comprising (a) an inert gas comprising argon or helium and (b) a reactive gas comprising a hydrocarbon gas or fluorinated hydrocarbon gas. There is also disclosed a photothermographic material by the use of the support having been subjected to the surface treatment.
摘要:
The invention is directed to a process for treating a photographic support in the form of a web, said process comprising providing a first grounded drum shaped electrically conductive electrode and at least one electrically conductive wire electrode of which the diameter varies between 60 and 1500 &mgr;m facing said drum shaped electrode, establishing an AC voltage with a frequency range between 100 Hz to 300 kHz over said electrodes, moving the web at atmospheric pressure along said drum shaped electrode, thereby exposing it to atmospheric pressure glow discharge established between the said drum shaped and wire electrode.
摘要:
Imaging elements, such as photographic, electrostatographic and thermal imaging elements, are comprised of a support, an image-forming layer and an electrically-conductive layer produced by coating a layer comprised of a metallo-organic compound and a film-forming binder and subjecting such layer to glow discharge treatment to render it electrically conductive. Use of a metallo-organic compound in combination with a glow discharge treatment provides a controlled degree of electrical conductivity and beneficial chemical, physical and optical properties which adapt the electrically-conductive layer for such purposes as providing protection against static or serving as an electrode which takes part in an image-forming process.
摘要:
Elements having a support with lubricant on both sides can be treated to remove substantially all of the lubricant from one side only. Various chemical, mechanical and electrical treatments are contemplated, but glow discharge treatment is particularly useful. Photographic film supports having one or more layers applied thereto can be treated in this manner before or after annealing so that lubricant present on the treated side does not reduce adhesion of later applied silver halide emulsion layers.
摘要:
The present invention is a polyester film base which has a surface approximately 5 nm thick. The surface of the film base has been altered to include about 6 to 15 atomic percent nitrogen in the form of imines, secondary amines and primary amines in the ratio of about 1:1:2. The invention also includes a film base whose surface includes oxygen in the form of hydroxyl, ether, epoxy, carbonyl or carboxyl groups wherein the oxygen is about 4 to 10 atomic percent above the original surface content of the base. The polyester film base can be either polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate.
摘要:
An improved process for making synthetic paper/film from a blend of polystyrene and polyethylene resins wherein titanium dioxide is employed as the sole inorganic filler and the film is given an oxidizing post-treatment, such as corona discharge or surface sulfonation. The film so-prepared has improved adhesion to photographic gel emulsions.
摘要:
Excessive heat-generating current levels produced in semiconductive materials by electrostatically assisted coating apparatus employed to, for example, improve the uniformity of a coating applied to such materials are avoided by passing an auxiliary current through said semiconductive materials in the same region and in a direction opposite to that of the current produced by said electrostatically assisted coating apparatus such that the difference between the said current produced by said electrostatically assisted coating apparatus and the said auxiliary current is less than or equal to a predetermined value.
摘要:
The surface characteristics of polymeric materials are altered by exposure to a reactive gas which has been activated by radio frequency electromagnetic radiations prior to being directed onto the surface. The reactive gas is selected from either the gases which occur naturally with 3-electron bonds, (e.g., NO, NO.sub.2, etc,) or from other gases capable of decomposition in the presence of an electromagnetic field to form (1) activated species which attack the polymer surface to break carbon-hydrogen bonds, forming free radical sites, and (2) free radicals which react with these sites. The process can also be practiced using separate activator and reactive gases, and when the reactive gas selected comprises organic material, the gas stream used to treat the polymeric surface is supplemented by an activator gas comprising the noble gases and nitrogen. The process can be used to change polymeric surface wettability to water or oil, to render polymer films capable of being coated directly with gelatin-containing photosensitive layers with resultant satisfactory adhesion characteristics, etc.
摘要:
The characteristics of the surface of an article may be modified, e.g., in respect to adhesion, wettability or other physical characteristics, by exposing the surface to an electrical discharge in a mixture of certain gases. The practice of this invention is particularly useful in improving the gelatin adherence characteristics of a photographic film base support.