公开(公告)号：US06834072B2

公开(公告)日：2004-12-21

申请号：US10414835

申请日：2003-04-16

申请人： Johann Daimer ,  Stefan Gschwandtner ,  Franz Kalchschmid ,  Franz Kals ,  Walter Lhotzky ,  Franz Liebhart ,  Gerhard Putz ,  Hubert Putz

发明人： Johann Daimer ,  Stefan Gschwandtner ,  Franz Kalchschmid ,  Franz Kals ,  Walter Lhotzky ,  Franz Liebhart ,  Gerhard Putz ,  Hubert Putz

IPC分类号： F27D706

CPC分类号： C04B35/521 ,  C04B35/522 ,  C04B2235/48 ,  C04B2235/6584 ,  F27D1/025 ,  F27D1/1808 ,  F27D99/0073 ,  F27D2001/0053 ,  F27D2099/0025

摘要： A method rebakes and graphitizes pitch-impregnated carbon bodies in an encapsulated Castner-type lengthwise graphitization furnace in one step. A furnace shell is constructed of element modules and can carry out the method. A furnace utilizes the furnace shell. The oxygen content in the interior of the furnace is kept below 4% by volume. The method is carried out under atmospheric pressure or at pressures that differ only slightly from the atmospheric pressure.

摘要翻译： 一种方法是在一个步骤中，将包封的Castner型纵向石墨化炉中的沥青浸渍碳体重新成型并石墨化。 炉壳由元件模块构成，可执行该方法。 炉子利用炉壳。 炉内部的氧含量保持在4体积％以下。 该方法在大气压力或与大气压力稍微不同的压力下进行。

公开(公告)号：US4545945A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-08

申请号：US329886

申请日：1981-12-11

申请人： Paul Prave ,  Wolfgang Sittig

发明人： Paul Prave ,  Wolfgang Sittig

IPC分类号： B01J10/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C12M1/08 ,  F27D27/00 ,  F27D99/00 ,  B01F3/04

CPC分类号： C12M29/08 ,  C12M29/06 ,  F27D2099/0025 ,  F27D2099/0031 ,  F27D2099/0038 ,  F27D27/00

摘要： In a process for improving the gas distribution in air-lift loop reactors, the back-flowing, partially degassed liquid is divided into part streams prior to, during or after entry into the rising part of the loop. In this process, the cross-section of the sum of the part streams is intended to be smaller than the free cross-section of the rising part. The gas is passed into the part streams.

摘要翻译： 在改进空气提升回路反应器中的气体分布的过程中，回流的部分脱气的液体在进入环路的上升部分之前，期间或之后被分成部分流。 在该过程中，部分流的总和的横截面旨在小于上升部分的自由横截面。 气体被送入零件流。

公开(公告)号：US5694413A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-02

申请号：US676102

申请日：1996-06-02

申请人： Herbert Durr ,  Paul Eirich

发明人： Herbert Durr ,  Paul Eirich

IPC分类号： F27B1/09 ,  F27B9/14 ,  F27D11/04 ,  F27D99/00 ,  H05B3/60 ,  F27D3/00

CPC分类号： F27D99/0006 ,  F27B9/142 ,  F27D11/04 ,  H05B3/60 ,  F27D2099/0025

摘要： The invention relates to a procedure for continuous supply of heat into electrically conductive bulk goods by exploiting the electrical resistance thereof in an oven chamber with an inlet opening and a drawing-off apparatus for continuous throughput of bulk goods, wherein during the throughput of material, electrical energy in the material is conducted, and to an apparatus for continuous supply of heat into electrically conductive bulk goods by exploitation of the electrical resistance thereof, in an oven chamber (1) with an inlet opening (15) and a continuous drawing-off apparatus (9) for the bulk goods, and with at least one pair of electrodes (14, 16, 19) arranged one above the other, via which the electrical energy in the material is conducted during the continuous throughput of material. Provision of an apparatus in which heat can continuously be supplied in an efficient manner to electrically conductive bulk goods by exploitation of the electrical resistance thereof during continuous throughput of material is proposed according to the invention in that having regard to the procedure, the material is conducted substantially parallel to the direction of current, between the positive and negative electrodes, and that the drawing-off apparatus is used at least as a part of the negative electrode or the neutral conductor and that having regard to the apparatus, the positive pole electrode or phase electrode (14) is located in the region of the input opening, and the negative pole electrode or neutral conductor electrode (16, 9) is provided in the region of the drawing-off apparatus (9) and the negative pole electrode or neutral conductor electrode (16, 9) and the drawing-off apparatus are earthed.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过在具有用于连续生产散装货物的入口开口和排出装置的烘箱中利用其电阻来将热量连续供应到导电散装货物中的方法，其中在物料的通过量期间， 在具有入口开口（15）和连续拉出的炉室（1）中，进行材料中的电能以及通过利用其电阻将热量连续供给到导电散装物品的设备 用于散装货物的装置（9），以及布置成彼此上下的至少一对电极（14,16,19），通过该电极在材料的连续通过量期间材料中的电能被传导。 根据本发明，提出一种可以通过在材料的连续生产量期间利用其电阻来有效地连续地向导电散装货物供应热量的设备，因为考虑到该过程，该材料被进行 基本上平行于正极和负极之间的电流方向，并且牵引装置至少用作负极或中性导体的一部分，并且考虑到该装置，正极电极或 相位电极（14）位于输入开口的区域中，负极电极或中性导体电极（16,9）设置在引出装置（9）的区域和负极电极或中性线 导体电极（16,9）和引出装置接地。

公开(公告)号：US5299225A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-29

申请号：US886062

申请日：1992-05-20

申请人： Berch Y. Karagoz ,  Joseph M. Rua ,  Lyman T. Moore ,  Larry E. Ledford ,  Donald P. Allen ,  Gregory Agnello ,  Thomas E. Fleckenstein

发明人： Berch Y. Karagoz ,  Joseph M. Rua ,  Lyman T. Moore ,  Larry E. Ledford ,  Donald P. Allen ,  Gregory Agnello ,  Thomas E. Fleckenstein

IPC分类号： C01B31/04 ,  F27B17/00 ,  F27D1/00 ,  F27D1/14 ,  F27D99/00 ,  F27D3/00

CPC分类号： F27D1/00 ,  C01B31/04 ,  F27D1/0023 ,  F27B17/00 ,  F27D1/141 ,  F27D2001/0053 ,  F27D2001/0076 ,  F27D2099/0025 ,  Y10T428/30

摘要： A lengthwise graphitization furnace for the conversion of a string of amorphous carbon bodies to graphite has an open semi-cylindrical shell of corrugated steel modules lined with cast refractory. The combination of the corrugated shell and cast refractory liner contributes to faster heat transfer by both convection and radiation, and to greater mechanical and thermal stability. The furnace is designed in modules allowing for easy replacement of worn components.

摘要翻译： 用于将一系列无定形碳体转化为石墨的长度石墨化炉具有内衬有耐火材料的波纹钢模块的开放的半圆柱形外壳。 波纹壳和铸造耐火材料衬里的组合有助于通过对流和辐射的更快的热传递以及更大的机械和热稳定性。 炉子设计在模块中，可以方便地更换磨损的部件。

公开(公告)号：US4153449A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-08

申请号：US872423

申请日：1978-01-26

申请人： Herbert Greenewald, Jr.

发明人： Herbert Greenewald, Jr.

IPC分类号： F27B3/08 ,  F27D3/00 ,  F27D99/00 ,  H05B7/22 ,  C21C5/52

CPC分类号： H05B7/22 ,  F27B3/085 ,  F27D3/0032 ,  F27D2099/0021 ,  F27D2099/0025

摘要： A metal processing furnace of the indirect arc type employing opposed electrodes projected into an ionizable atmosphere is provided with novel filter-like, vapor nucleation means which enables the furnace to be utilized for numerous different metal melting/smelting operations in a manner which precludes the presence of metals and metal oxides in their vapor or particle forms in process effluent gases delivered from the furnace. The furance achieves substantial operating advantages in the manufacture of ferroalloys, silicon and beryllium-copper metals, and comparable products including carbides such as silicon carbide.

摘要翻译： 使用投射到可电离气氛中的相对电极的间接电弧型的金属加工炉具有新颖的过滤器状蒸气成核装置，其能够以不同的金属熔融/冶炼操作的方式利用炉子， 的金属和金属氧化物在其蒸气或颗粒中形成从炉中输送的工艺流出气体。 耐火材料在制造铁合金，硅和铍铜金属以及包括碳化物如碳化硅的可比产品方面具有实质性的经营优势。

公开(公告)号：US20050092130A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10506764

申请日：2003-03-19

申请人： William Golberger ,  Mark Zak

发明人： William Golberger ,  Mark Zak

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/42 ,  C21B13/00 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C22B1/245 ,  C22B4/08 ,  C22B5/10 ,  C22B5/14 ,  F27B15/00 ,  F27B15/04 ,  F27B15/08 ,  F27B15/09 ,  F27B15/10 ,  F27B15/14 ,  F27D3/00 ,  F27D3/16 ,  F27D7/06 ,  F27D13/00 ,  F27D15/02 ,  F27D17/00 ,  F27D99/00 ,  H05B3/00 ,  H05B3/60 ,  C21C5/52

CPC分类号： F27D99/0006 ,  B01J8/0075 ,  B01J8/1818 ,  B01J8/42 ,  B01J2208/00398 ,  B01J2208/00557 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0828 ,  B01J2219/083 ,  B01J2219/0879 ,  B01J2219/1946 ,  C21B13/0033 ,  C21B13/0046 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C22B1/245 ,  C22B4/08 ,  C22B5/10 ,  C22B5/14 ,  F27B15/006 ,  F27B15/04 ,  F27B15/08 ,  F27B15/09 ,  F27B15/10 ,  F27B15/14 ,  F27D3/0033 ,  F27D7/06 ,  F27D13/00 ,  F27D15/02 ,  F27D17/004 ,  F27D2003/166 ,  F27D2099/0025 ,  H05B3/0004 ,  H05B3/60 ,  Y02P10/136 ,  Y02P10/212

摘要： A method and an apparatus (50) for producing direct reduced iron (37) from dry pellets (25) composed of iron oxide and carbonaceous material. A mixture of pellets (25) and free coke particles (38) with weight relation from 3:1 to 5:1 is fed into the top of an electrothermal fluidized bed (32) that is fluidized by nitrogen. By exposing pellets (25) in the electrothermal fluidized bed (32) to temperatures of between approximately 850-1,100° C. for an average period of between approximately 15-60 minutes, the volatiles are removed and the pellets (25) metallized. Reduced pellets (37) mixed with free coke (38) are discharged from the bottom of fluidized bed (32) and cooled. The reduced iron pellets (37) are physically separated from any free coke (38) and the free coke (38) is recycled back into the fluidized bed (32).

摘要翻译： 一种用于由由氧化铁和碳质材料构成的干燥颗粒（25）制备直接还原铁（37）的方法和装置（50）。 将颗粒（25）和游离焦炭颗粒（38）的混合物加入到由氮气流化的电热流化床（32）的顶部，重量关系为3:1至5:1。 通过将电热流化床（32）中的颗粒（25）暴露于约850-1100℃之间的温度平均约15-60分钟之间，除去挥发物并将颗粒（25）金属化。 与游离焦炭（38）混合的还原颗粒（37）从流化床（32）的底部排出并冷却。 还原铁丸（37）与任何游离焦炭（38）物理分离，游离焦炭（38）再循环回流化床（32）。

公开(公告)号：US4127737A

公开(公告)日：1978-11-28

申请号：US774121

申请日：1977-03-03

申请人： Kazusa Hirakawa

发明人： Kazusa Hirakawa

IPC分类号： C01B31/08 ,  F27B7/00 ,  F27B7/16 ,  F27B7/32 ,  F27B7/36 ,  F27D11/08 ,  F27D99/00 ,  H05B7/00 ,  F27B7/14 ,  F27D11/04 ,  H05B3/60

CPC分类号： C01B31/086 ,  F27B7/00 ,  F27D11/08 ,  H05B7/005 ,  F27B2007/165 ,  F27B2007/3217 ,  F27B2007/3276 ,  F27B2007/365 ,  F27D2099/0025 ,  F27M2001/04 ,  F27M2003/12

摘要： The rotary drum of reactivation apparatus has spaced-apart helical electrodes disposed in mutually interposed helical state and fixed to the inner wall surface of the drum, these electrodes functioning upon rotation of the drum to propel by screw action active carbon from an inlet end to the other outlet end of the drum as electric power is supplied to the electrodes to cause electric discharge therebetween and conduction through the carbon, which is thereby subjected sequentially to drying, firing, and reactivation as a result of electric discharge effect and the resulting joule heat. Flow of excessive current between the electrodes is prevented by a constant-current circuit in the electric power supply system. Steam can be additionally injected against the carbon to promote the reactivation thereof.

摘要翻译： 再活化装置的旋转鼓具有间隔开的螺旋状电极，它们以相互插入的螺旋状态设置并固定到滚筒的内壁表面，这些电极在滚筒转动时起作用，通过螺旋作用将活性炭从入口端移动到 电源的另一个出口端被供应到电极，以在它们之间引起放电并通过碳导电，由此由于放电效应和所产生的焦耳热而依次进行干燥，烧制和再活化。 通过电力供给系统中的恒流回路来防止电极间的过电流的流动。 蒸汽可以另外注入碳以促进其再活化。

公开(公告)号：US4080509A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-21

申请号：US653158

申请日：1976-01-28

申请人： Herbert Greenewald, Jr.

发明人： Herbert Greenewald, Jr.

IPC分类号： F27B3/08 ,  F27D3/00 ,  F27D99/00 ,  H05B7/22 ,  H05B7/18 ,  C22B4/00

CPC分类号： H05B7/22 ,  F27B3/085 ,  F27D3/0032 ,  F27D2099/0021 ,  F27D2099/0025

摘要： A metal processing furnace of the indirect arc type employing opposed electrodes projected into an ionizable atmosphere is provided with novel filter-like, vapor nucleation means which enables the furnace to be utilized for numerous different metal melting/smelting operations in a manner which precludes the presence of metals and metal oxides in their vapor or particle forms in process effluent gases delivered from the furnace. The furnace achieves substantial operating advantages in the manufacture of ferroalloys, silicon and beryllium-copper metals, and comparable products including carbides such as silicon carbide.

摘要翻译： 使用投射到可电离气氛中的相对电极的间接电弧型的金属加工炉具有新颖的过滤器状蒸气成核装置，其能够以不同的金属熔融/冶炼操作的方式利用炉子， 的金属和金属氧化物在其蒸气或颗粒中形成从炉中输送的工艺流出气体。 该炉在制造铁合金，硅和铍铜金属以及诸如碳化硅等碳化物的可比产品方面具有实质的经营优势。

公开(公告)号：US5317592A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-31

申请号：US865253

申请日：1992-04-09

申请人： Petrus J. Van Staden

发明人： Petrus J. Van Staden

IPC分类号： F27B9/06 ,  F27B9/14 ,  F27D19/00 ,  F27D99/00 ,  H05B3/60 ,  H05B3/00

CPC分类号： F27B9/062 ,  F27B9/142 ,  H05B3/60 ,  F27D2019/0034 ,  F27D2019/0075 ,  F27D2099/0025

摘要： A direct resistance heating electrical furnace of the type in which a bed of electrically conductive elements are located between two spaced electrodes in the furnace, and a method of controlling the operation of same, are provided. The furnace is of the type having a generally tubular heating chamber with a pair of spaced electrodes associated therewith and conveniently located one at each end of the tubular heating chamber. The furnace has feed or discharge control means and the rate of feed or discharge is controlled according to the electrical resistance or current flow between the electrodes. No temperature measurement is required to control the furnace operation.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种直接电阻加热电炉，其中导电元件床位于炉中的两个间隔开的电极之间，以及一种控制其操作的方法。 该炉具有通常为管状加热室的类型，其具有与之相关联的一对间隔开的电极，并且方便地位于管状加热室的每个端部处。 炉具有进料或排料控制装置，并且根据电极之间的电阻或电流来控制进料或排出速率。 不需要温度测量来控制炉的操作。

公开(公告)号：US4639930A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-27

申请号：US698930

申请日：1985-02-07

申请人： Ulrich Kandzia

发明人： Ulrich Kandzia

IPC分类号： C01B31/04 ,  C04B35/52 ,  F27B17/00 ,  F27D1/00 ,  F27D99/00 ,  H05B3/60 ,  H05B3/00

CPC分类号： C01B31/04 ,  C04B35/52 ,  F27B17/00 ,  F27D1/00 ,  F27D1/0023 ,  H05B3/60 ,  F27D2001/0066 ,  F27D2099/0025

摘要： Port for a longitudinal or Castner-type graphitizing furnace, the masonry of which consists of a bottom section, lateral blocks and a yoke. The electrode rests on the bottom section and is pressed by the superimposed yoke against the bottom section. The lateral blocks are clamped to the electrode. Horizontal or vertical gaps cannot develop between the electrode and the masonry of the port in the operation of the graphitizing furnace.

摘要翻译： 用于纵向或Castner型石墨化炉的端口，其砌体由底部，侧向块和轭构成。 电极位于底部，并被叠置的轭压靠在底部。 横向块被夹紧到电极。 在石墨炉操作过程中，电极和砌体之间不能形成水平或垂直间隙。