Abstract:
A process for preparing activated carbon includes combining crushed petroleum coke (petcoke) with non-aqueous potassium hydroxide. The petcoke and the potassium hydroxide are then heated to a sub-activation temperature to yield a pre-activated blend. Under substantially inert conditions, the preactivated blend is then heated to at least the activation temperature of the petcoke to yield a first-stage activated blend. The first-stage activated blend includes activated carbon of a first microporosity percentage. The first-stage activated blend is then cooled to below the activation temperature of the petcoke. Under substantially inert conditions, the first-stage activated blend is then re-heated to at least the activation temperature of the petcoke to yield a second-stage activated blend. The second-stage activated blend includes activated carbon of a second microporosity percentage that is less than the first microporosity percentage. The steps of cooling and reheating may be repeated serially, to tailor the microporosity of the activated carbon.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to a method of treating hydrocarbon materials with thermoplastic nature that are liquid at room temperature or become liquid upon heating, to increase their softening point temperature up to 400° C. The method includes the steps of mixing a sulfur-containing gaseous catalyst with the hydrocarbon material in an environmentally controlled reactor, Heating the mixture to a temperature between 280° C. and 480° C. in a flowing gas environment and holding the mixture at this temperature for a period of time from 2 hours to 5 hours and stirring the mixture and maintaining stirring until the hydrocarbon material becomes solid.
Abstract:
There is provided a process and system for producing carbon fiber products. The process can involve deasphalting a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock, which can contain native asphaltenes, to produce a solid asphaltene particulate material, which can be further treated to produce the carbon fiber products. In some implementations, the solid asphaltene particulate material can be extruded in the presence of a polymer. In some implementations, the solid asphaltene particulate material can be chemically treated with a chemical agent including a Lewis acid, an oxidizing agent and/or a reducing agent before extrusion. In some implementations, the process can further produce activated carbon fibers.
Abstract:
A process gas (such as a hydrocarbon gas) is flowed through a thermal cracking apparatus to crack the process gas into constituent components (such as hydrogen gas and solid carbon nano-particles, e.g., carbon nano-onions, necked carbon nano-onions, carbon nanospheres, graphene, graphite, highly ordered pyrolytic graphite, single walled nanotubes, and/or multi-walled nanotubes). The thermal cracking apparatus has an elongated heating element disposed within an inner volume along a longitudinal axis thereof. The elongated heating element heats the process gas as it flows within a longitudinal elongated reaction zone to thermally crack molecules of the process gas into the constituent components of the molecules.
Abstract:
An electrode for an electrochemical device includes porous carbon particles. In a pore distribution of the porous carbon particles, a ratio B/A of an integrated volume B to an integrated volume A ranges from 1 to 1.5, inclusive. The integrated volume A is an integrated volume of pores each having a pore diameter of more than or equal to 1 nm and less than 2 nm. The integrated volume B is an integrated volume of pores each having a pore diameter of more than or equal to 2 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm. A volume-based particle diameter frequency distribution of the porous carbon particles has a first peak and a second peak. A particle diameter corresponding to the second peak is larger than a particle diameter corresponding to the first peak.
Abstract:
An apparatus, a process and a system for treating petroleum coke are provided. The apparatus includes an activation unit that is an annular furnace reactor. The system includes a first reactor, the apparatus as a second reactor, a washing and separating unit, a cooling unit, a dissolving and separating unit, a washing and drying unit, optionally a regenerating unit, optionally a drying and calcining unit and optionally an evaporation-crystallization unit. The process for producing carbon materials uses the system for treating petroleum coke. The apparatus, the process and the system can achieve continuous production, and have advantages of high activation efficiency and stable properties of the resultant carbon material products.