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    Commercial fischer-tropsch reactor
    1.
    发明授权
    Commercial fischer-tropsch reactor 失效
    商业费托反应堆

    公开(公告)号：US07012103B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-03-14

    申请号：US10395912

    申请日：2003-03-24

    申请人： Rafael L. Espinoza ,  Jianping Zhang ,  Harold A. Wright ,  Todd H. Harkins

    发明人： Rafael L. Espinoza ,  Jianping Zhang ,  Harold A. Wright ,  Todd H. Harkins

    IPC分类号： C07C27/00

    CPC分类号： C10G2/341 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J8/067 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J23/75 ,  B01J2208/00053 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00097 ,  B01J2208/00212

    摘要： A process for producing hydrocarbons comprises providing a multi-tubular reactor having at least 100 tubes units containing a catalyst, each tube being between 2 and 5 meters tall and in thermal contact with a cooling fluid; feeding hydrogen and carbon monoxide to each tube at a linear gas superficial velocity less than about 60 cm/s; and converting the gas feedstream to hydrocarbons on the catalyst, wherein the yield of hydrocarbons in each tube is greater than 100 (kg hydrocarbons)/hr/(m3 reaction zone). Each tube may have an internal diameter greater than 2 centimeters. The catalyst may be active for Fischer Tropsch synthesis and may comprise cobalt or iron. The maximum difference in the radially-averaged temperature between two points that are axially spaced along the reactor is less than 15° C., preferably less than 10° C. The catalyst loading or intrinsic activity may vary along the length of the reactor.

    摘要翻译： 制备烃的方法包括提供具有至少100个含有催化剂的管单元的多管式反应器，每个管的高度在2和5米之间并与冷却流体热接触; 以低于约60cm / s的线性气体表观速度向每个管供给氢气和一氧化碳; 并将气体进料流转化为催化剂上的烃，其中每个管中的烃的产率大于100（kg碳氢化合物）/ hr /（m 3）反应区）。 每根管子的内径可以大于2厘米。 该催化剂可用于费 - 托合成，并且可以包含钴或铁。 沿着反应器轴向间隔的两个点之间的径向平均温度的最大差异小于15℃，优选小于10℃。催化剂负载或固有活性可以沿着反应器的长度而变化。

    Method and apparatus for thermally reacting chemicals in a matrix bed
    5.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for thermally reacting chemicals in a matrix bed 失效
    在基质床中使化学物质热反应的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06015540A

    公开(公告)日：2000-01-18

    申请号：US922189

    申请日：1997-09-02

    申请人： Stephen R. McAdams ,  Bradley L. Edgar ,  Richard J. Martin ,  Marvin M. Kilgo ,  Christopher B. Baer ,  John D. Stilger

    发明人： Stephen R. McAdams ,  Bradley L. Edgar ,  Richard J. Martin ,  Marvin M. Kilgo ,  Christopher B. Baer ,  John D. Stilger

    IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J8/04 ,  F23C99/00 ,  C01B11/00 ,  F23D11/44 ,  F23B5/20

    CPC分类号： F23C99/006 ,  B01J8/001 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/0242 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J8/04 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00097 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/0084 ,  B01J2219/1942 ,  B01J2219/1946 ,  F23G2202/50 ,  F23G2209/10 ,  F23G2209/14 ,  F23G2209/142

    摘要： An improved method and apparatus is provided for thermally reacting chemicals in a matrix bed of porous inert media. The reaction is conducted in an apparatus that is capable of establishing and maintaining a non-planar reaction wave within the matrix bed. The positioning of the non-planar reaction wave permits the interior surfaces of the vessel to be maintained at a temperature at least above 175.degree. F. The apparatus includes a vessel that contains the matrix bed; one or more feed tubes that extend into the matrix bed, where preferably an exterior portion of each of the feed tubes that passes through the vessel is insulated; an exhaust outlet; and a means for heating the matrix bed. The non-planar reaction wave is established by heating at least a portion of the matrix bed to at least the reaction temperature of the chemicals and feeding a process stream containing the chemicals to be reacted into the feed tubes. Upon exiting the feed tubes, the process stream is reacted in a non-planar reaction wave to produce heat and the reacted process stream. The heat from the non-planar reaction wave maintains the interior surfaces of the vessel at a temperature of at least 175.degree. F. during operation of the vessel. The reacted process stream is then directed to the exhaust outlet of the vessel.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的方法和装置，用于使多孔惰性介质的基质床中的化学物质热反应。 反应在能够在基质床内建立和维持非平面反应波的装置中进行。 非平面反应波的定位允许容器的内表面保持在至少高于175°F的温度。该装置包括容纳基质床的容器; 延伸到基质床中的一个或多个进料管，其中优选地，穿过所述容器的每个进料管的外部部分是绝缘的; 排气口 以及用于加热基质床的装置。 通过将至少一部分基质床加热至至少化学品的反应温度并将含有要反应的化学物质的工艺流供给到进料管中来建立非平面反应波。 在离开进料管时，工艺流在非平面反应波中反应以产生热量和反应的工艺流。 来自非平面反应波的热量在容器操作期间将容器的内表面保持在至少175°F的温度。 然后将反应的工艺流引导到容器的排气出口。

    Multi-tube catalytic reaction apparatus
    6.
    发明授权
    Multi-tube catalytic reaction apparatus 失效
    多管催化反应装置

    公开(公告)号：US4098588A

    公开(公告)日：1978-07-04

    申请号：US827802

    申请日：1977-08-25

    申请人： Richard F. Buswell ,  Richard A. Sederquist ,  Daniel J. Snopkowski

    发明人： Richard F. Buswell ,  Richard A. Sederquist ,  Daniel J. Snopkowski

    IPC分类号： B01J8/02 ,  C01B3/38 ,  B01J7/00 ,  B01J8/06

    CPC分类号： C01B3/384 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00097 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/00504 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  Y10S165/903

    摘要： Compact reaction apparatus, such as apparatus for steam reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock to produce hydrogen, comprises a plurality of tubular reactors vertically disposed and closely packed within a furnace. The furnace is divided into an enhanced heat transfer portion and a burner cavity. Each of the several reactors is disposed partly within the burner cavity and partly within the enhanced heat transfer portion. Heat transfer means, such as particles of a heat transfer packing material, is disposed within the enhanced heat transfer portion of the furnace and is constructed and arranged to provide substantially uniform and enhanced conductive, convective, and radiant heating of that portion of the reactors disposed within the heat transfer portion.

    摘要翻译： 紧凑的反应装置，例如用于蒸汽重整烃原料以产生氢气的装置，包括垂直设置并紧密地包装在炉内的多个管式反应器。 炉子被分为增强的传热部分和燃烧器腔。 几个反应器中的每一个部分地设置在燃烧器腔内，部分地设置在增强的传热部分内。 诸如热传递包装材料的颗粒的传热装置设置在炉的增强的传热部分内，并且被构造和布置成提供基本均匀且增强的部分反应器的导电，对流和辐射加热 在传热部分内。

    Pseudoadiabatic reactor for exothermal catalytic conversions
    10.
    发明授权
    Pseudoadiabatic reactor for exothermal catalytic conversions 失效
    用于放热催化转化的假绝热反应器

    公开(公告)号：US4929798A

    公开(公告)日：1990-05-29

    申请号：US288158

    申请日：1988-12-22

    申请人： Hugo I. de Lasa

    发明人： Hugo I. de Lasa

    IPC分类号： B01J8/06 ,  C07C1/20 ,  C10G3/00 ,  F28D7/00

    CPC分类号： F28D7/0041 ,  B01J8/067 ,  C07C1/20 ,  C10G3/49 ,  C10G3/60 ,  B01J2208/00097 ,  B01J2208/0015 ,  B01J2219/00261 ,  C07C2529/18 ,  C07C2529/40 ,  C07C2529/65 ,  C07C2529/70 ,  C10G2400/02 ,  Y02P30/20 ,  Y10S585/92

    摘要： A multitubular catalytic reactor for exothermal catalytic reactions comprises a bundle of parallel tubes all of the same length and a catalyst within the tubes. The tube bundle has an inlet side and an outlet side. Devices are provided for introducing separately reactants to within the tubes of the reactor and coolant to the channels defined between adjacent tubes of the bundle. The coolant is introduced into the channels co-currently with the direction of flow of the reactants. The products are withdrawn from the tubes independently of the coolant. The reactor is particularly adapted to a single stage conversion of methanol into gasoline boiling point range constituents using crystalline aluminosilicate catalysts.

    摘要翻译： 用于放热催化反应的多管式催化反应器包括一束长度相同的平行管和管内的催化剂。 管束具有入口侧和出口侧。 提供装置用于将单独的反应物引入反应器的管内并将冷却剂引入限定在束的相邻管之间的通道。 冷却剂被引入与反应物流动方向共同的通道中。 产品与冷却液独立地从管中取出。 反应器特别适用于使用结晶硅铝酸盐催化剂将甲醇单一转化成汽油沸点范围的成分。