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公开(公告)号：US08496472B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-30
申请号：US12133571
申请日：2008-06-05
CPC分类号： F23D11/24 , F23C2900/99009 , F23D11/404 , F23D11/446 , F23D11/448 , F23D2900/11403 , F23D2900/14124 , Y02E20/12 , Y02P30/20
摘要： The present invention is directed to a process for the clean and convenient combustion of high viscosity liquid fuels, such as glycerol, as well as an apparatus useful for carrying such processes. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a process for glycerol combustion comprising providing a combustion apparatus with a glycerol combustion chamber that facilitates reflective heating, pre-heating the glycerol combustion chamber, atomizing the reduced viscosity glycerol, and combining the atomized glycerol with air in the glycerol combustion chamber to thereby completely combust the glycerol. In one embodiment, such as when using a pressure-atomizing nozzle, the inventive method may further comprise treating the glycerol to reduce the glycerol viscosity.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于清洁和方便地燃烧高粘度液体燃料如甘油的方法，以及用于承载这些方法的装置。 在某些实施方案中，本发明提供了一种用于甘油燃烧的方法，包括提供具有甘油燃烧室的燃烧装置，所述甘油燃烧室有助于反应加热，预热甘油燃烧室，雾化还原粘度甘油，以及将雾化的甘油与 甘油燃烧室，从而完全燃烧甘油。 在一个实施方案中，例如当使用压力雾化喷嘴时，本发明的方法还可以包括处理甘油以降低甘油粘度。
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公开(公告)号：US20080305445A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-11
申请号：US12133571
申请日：2008-06-05
CPC分类号： F23D11/24 , F23C2900/99009 , F23D11/404 , F23D11/446 , F23D11/448 , F23D2900/11403 , F23D2900/14124 , Y02E20/12 , Y02P30/20
摘要： The present invention is directed to a process for the clean and convenient combustion of high viscosity liquid fuels, such as glycerol, as well as an apparatus useful for carrying such processes. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a process for glycerol combustion comprising providing a combustion apparatus with a glycerol combustion chamber that facilitates reflective heating, pre-heating the glycerol combustion chamber, atomizing the reduced viscosity glycerol, and combining the atomized glycerol with air in the glycerol combustion chamber to thereby completely combust the glycerol. In one embodiment, such as when using a pressure-atomizing nozzle, the inventive method may further comprise treating the glycerol to reduce the glycerol viscosity.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于清洁和方便地燃烧高粘度液体燃料如甘油的方法，以及用于承载这些方法的装置。 在某些实施方案中，本发明提供了一种用于甘油燃烧的方法，包括提供具有甘油燃烧室的燃烧装置，所述甘油燃烧室有助于反应加热，预热甘油燃烧室，雾化还原粘度甘油，以及将雾化的甘油与 甘油燃烧室，从而完全燃烧甘油。 在一个实施方案中，例如当使用压力雾化喷嘴时，本发明的方法还可以包括处理甘油以降低甘油粘度。
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公开(公告)号：US07816570B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-19
申请号：US11948006
申请日：2007-11-30
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , C10G1/006 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/68 , C10G47/00 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/805 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678
摘要： A process for the direct conversion of lipid biomass fuel stock to combustible fuels include the steps of hydrolyzing a lipid biomass to form free fatty acids, catalytically deoxygenating the free fatty acids to from n-alkanes, and reforming at least a portion of the n-alkanes into a mixture of compounds having the correct chain length, conformations and ratio to be useful as transportation fuels. The process exhibits an overall energy efficiency of at least about 75%, wherein energy efficiency is calculated as the lower heating value of the produced transportation fuel over the sum of the lower heating value of the process reactants and the total energy input into the process.
摘要翻译： 将脂质生物质燃料原料直接转化为可燃性燃料的方法包括以下步骤：水解脂质生物质以形成游离脂肪酸，将游离脂肪酸催化脱氧为从正烷烃，并重整至少一部分正链烷烃; 烷烃变成具有正确链长度，构象和比例的化合物的混合物，可用作运输燃料。 该方法表现出至少约75％的总能量效率，其中，将能量效率计算为所生产的运输燃料的较低热值超过工艺反应物的较低热值与输入到该方法中的总能量之和的总和。
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公开(公告)号：US08350103B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US13293764
申请日：2011-11-10
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , C10G1/006 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/68 , C10G47/00 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/805 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678
摘要： The present disclosure is directed to processes for the direct conversion of lipidic biomass fuelstock to combustible fuels. In particular, the disclosure provides a process for the direct conversion of animal fats to transportations fuels suitable as replacement for petroleum-derived transportation fuels. In an example, the method comprises the steps of hydrolyzing a lipidic biomass to form free fatty acids, catalytically deoxygenating the free fatty acids to form n-alkanes, and reforming at least a portion of the n-alkanes into a mixture of compounds in the correct chain length, conformations, and ratio to be useful transportation fuels. Particularly, the product prepared comprises mixtures of hydrocarbon compounds selected from the group consisting of n-alkanes, isoalkanes, aromatics, cycloalkanes, and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 本公开涉及将脂质生物质燃料原料直接转化为可燃燃料的方法。 特别地，本公开提供了将动物脂肪直接转化为适合作为替代石油衍生的运输燃料的运输燃料的方法。 在一个实例中，该方法包括以下步骤：水解脂质生物质以形成游离脂肪酸，催化脱氧游离脂肪酸形成正烷烃，并将至少一部分正烷烃重整成化合物的混合物 正确的链长，构象和比例是有用的运输燃料。 特别地，制备的产物包括选自正烷烃，异烷烃，芳族化合物，环烷烃及其组合的烃化合物的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US20120108861A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-03
申请号：US13293764
申请日：2011-11-10
IPC分类号： C10L1/04
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , C10G1/006 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/68 , C10G47/00 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/805 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678
摘要： The present invention is directed to processes for the direct conversion of lipidic biomass fuelstock to combustible fuels. In particular, the invention provides a process for the direct conversion of animal fats to transportations fuels suitable as replacement for petroleum-derived transportation fuels. In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of hydrolyzing a lipidic biomass to form free fatty acids, catalytically deoxygenating the free fatty acids to form n-alkanes, and reforming at least a portion of the n-alkanes into a mixture of compounds in the correct chain length, conformations, and ratio to be useful transportation fuels. Particularly, the product prepared according to the invention comprises mixtures of hydrocarbon compounds selected from the group consisting of n-alkanes, isoalkanes, aromatics, cycloalkanes, and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及将脂质生物质燃料原料直接转化为可燃燃料的方法。 特别地，本发明提供了一种将动物脂肪直接转化为运输燃料的方法，该燃料适合作为替代石油衍生的运输燃料。 在一个实施方案中，该方法包括水解脂质生物质以形成游离脂肪酸，催化脱氧游离脂肪酸以形成正烷烃并将至少一部分正烷烃重整成化合物的混合物的步骤 正确的链长，构象和比例是有用的运输燃料。 特别地，根据本发明制备的产品包括选自正烷烃，异烷烃，芳族化合物，环烷烃及其组合的烃化合物的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US20090069610A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-12
申请号：US11948006
申请日：2007-11-30
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , C10G1/006 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/68 , C10G47/00 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/805 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678
摘要： The present invention is directed to processes for the direct conversion of lipidic biomass fuelstock to combustible fuels. In particular, the invention provides a process for the direct conversion of animal fats to transportations fuels suitable as replacement for petroleum-derived transportation fuels. In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of hydrolyzing a lipidic biomass to form free fatty acids, catalytically deoxygenating the free fatty acids to form n-alkanes, and reforming at least a portion of the n-alkanes into a mixture of compounds in the correct chain length, conformations, and ratio to be useful transportation fuels. Particularly, the product prepared according to the invention comprises mixtures of hydrocarbon compounds selected from the group consisting of n-alkanes, isoalkanes, aromatics, cycloalkanes, and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及将脂质生物质燃料原料直接转化为可燃燃料的方法。 特别地，本发明提供了一种将动物脂肪直接转化为运输燃料的方法，该燃料适合作为替代石油衍生的运输燃料。 在一个实施方案中，该方法包括以下步骤：水解脂质生物质以形成游离脂肪酸，催化脱氧游离脂肪酸形成正烷烃，并将至少一部分正烷烃重整成化合物的混合物 正确的链长，构象和比例是有用的运输燃料。 特别地，根据本发明制备的产品包括选自正烷烃，异烷烃，芳族化合物，环烷烃及其组合的烃化合物的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US08350102B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US12897318
申请日：2010-10-04
IPC分类号： C07C4/00
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , C10G1/006 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/68 , C10G47/00 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/805 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678
摘要： The present disclosure is directed to processes for the direct conversion of lipidic biomass fuelstock to combustible fuels. In particular, the disclosure provides a process for the direct conversion of animal fats to transportations fuels suitable as replacement for petroleum-derived transportation fuels. In an example, the method comprises the steps of hydrolyzing a lipidic biomass to form free fatty acids, catalytically deoxygenating the free fatty acids to form n-alkanes, and reforming at least a portion of the n-alkanes into a mixture of compounds in the correct chain length, conformations, and ratio to be useful transportation fuels. Particularly, the product prepared comprises mixtures of hydrocarbon compounds selected from the group consisting of n-alkanes, isoalkanes, aromatics, cycloalkanes, and combinations thereof.
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公开(公告)号：US20110105813A1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-05
申请号：US12897318
申请日：2010-10-04
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , C10G1/006 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/68 , C10G47/00 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/805 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678
摘要： The present invention is directed to processes for the direct conversion of lipidic biomass fuelstock to combustible fuels. In particular, the invention provides a process for the direct conversion of animal fats to transportations fuels suitable as replacement for petroleum-derived transportation fuels. In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of hydrolyzing a lipidic biomass to form free fatty acids, catalytically deoxygenating the free fatty acids to form n-alkanes, and reforming at least a portion of the n-alkanes into a mixture of compounds in the correct chain length, conformations, and ratio to be useful transportation fuels. Particularly, the product prepared according to the invention comprises mixtures of hydrocarbon compounds selected from the group consisting of n-alkanes, isoalkanes, aromatics, cycloalkanes, and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及将脂质生物质燃料原料直接转化为可燃燃料的方法。 特别地，本发明提供了一种将动物脂肪直接转化为运输燃料的方法，该燃料适合作为替代石油衍生的运输燃料。 在一个实施方案中，该方法包括水解脂质生物质以形成游离脂肪酸，催化脱氧游离脂肪酸以形成正烷烃并将至少一部分正烷烃重整成化合物的混合物的步骤 正确的链长，构象和比例是有用的运输燃料。 特别地，根据本发明制备的产品包括选自正烷烃，异烷烃，芳族化合物，环烷烃及其组合的烃化合物的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US08496131B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-30
申请号：US13125205
申请日：2009-10-20
申请人： Randall G. Forrest , Timothy L. Turner , Michael R. Gogola , V. Steven Jackson , Ronald D. Parrella
发明人： Randall G. Forrest , Timothy L. Turner , Michael R. Gogola , V. Steven Jackson , Ronald D. Parrella
IPC分类号： B65D41/00
CPC分类号： B65D1/0246 , B65D1/165 , B65D41/16
摘要： A cap 80 for sealing a container having a closure assembly with lug members on the container for sealing with corresponding lugs on the cap 80 has a top panel 84 and a circumferential side wall panel 82, has a top panel 84 and a circumferential side wall panel 82. The top panel 84 is positioned about a longitudinal axis 50 and extends radially outwardly therefrom. The circumferential side wall panel 82 is integral with an outer peripheral edge of the top panel 84 and has first, second, and third segments 90, 92, 94. The first segment 90 extends downwardly. The second segment 92 extends radially outwardly at a first angle to the first segment 90. The third segment 94 extends downwardly from the second segment 94 at a second angle to the second segment 92.
摘要翻译： 用于密封具有封闭组件的容器的盖80具有用于与盖80上的相应凸耳密封的容器上的凸耳构件的封闭组件，其具有顶板84和周向侧壁板82，其具有顶板84和周向侧壁板 顶板84围绕纵向轴线50定位并从其径向向外延伸。 圆周侧壁板82与顶板84的外周边缘成一体，并具有第一，第二和第三段90,92,94。第一段90向下延伸。 第二段92以第一角度向第一段90径向向外延伸。第三段94从第二段94以第二角度向下延伸到第二段92。
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公开(公告)号：USD625184S1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-12
申请号：US29331910
申请日：2009-02-04
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