Abstract:
Methods to improve the tropism or other features of a virus are disclosed. Such methods can be used to prepare, e.g., DNA or plasmid libraries of variants of a gene encoding a viral capsid or envelope protein having a randomly inserted restriction site, libraries of viral clones with such variant genes with a randomly inserted restriction site or polypeptide sequence targeting a receptor expressed by a specific type of mammalian cells. Described are also methods to prepare mosaic viruses, i.e., viral particles wherein copies of one or more capsid or envelope proteins originate from different sources. These methods can be used to prepare mosaic viruses of a specific mixture of wild-type and mutant proteins, or of different types of mutant proteins.
Abstract:
Methods to improve the tropism or other features of a virus is disclosed. Such methods can be used to prepare, e.g., DNA or plasmid libraries of variants of a gene encoding a viral capsid or envelope restriction site, libraries of viral clones with such variant genes with a randon-dy inserted restriction site or polypeptide sequence targeting a receptor expressed by a specific type of mammalian cells. Described are also methods to prepare mosaic viruses, i.e., viral particles wherein copies of one or more capsid or envelope proteins originate from different sources. These methods can be used to prepare mosaic viruses of a specific mixture of wild-type and mutant proteins, or of different types of mutant proteins.
Abstract:
An electrical and/or hybrid motor vehicle device includes a charging device for the charging of an accumulator device. The charging device includes a first charging unit with a connector element for the charging of the accumulator device, which is provided for energy transfer by means of contacts. The charging device also includes a second charging unit with an energy transfer unit for the charging of the accumulator device, which is provided for a contactless energy transfer. The charging device has a charging electronic system, which is provided at least in part as an integral construction with the first and second charging units.
Abstract:
A camera arrangement for a vehicle includes a camera and an electrical conductor structure. The camera is separated from a pane which divides an outside region from an inside region. The camera is in the inside region and is pointed at a portion of the pane such that the camera has a viewing detection region through the pane. The conductor structure forms a device and is on the portion of the pane within the viewing detection region of the camera whereby the camera and the device use the same portion of the pane for their operations.
Abstract:
A vehicle seat, particularly a commercial-vehicle seat is provided with a scissor-type stand (3) which is able to vibrate and which is provided with a top frame (7), two first rocker arms (8a) and two second rocker arms (8b), which intersect in pairs at a scissor axis (10) extending in a transverse seat direction (y). The first two rocker arms (8a) are connected with one another at one end via a transverse tube (18) which extends in the transverse seat direction (y) and are pivotably mounted on the top frame (7) and able to vibrate in the longitudinal seat direction (x) via a bearing mechanism (20). The transverse tube (18) can be locked with the top frame (7) via at least one locking device (31).
Abstract:
A vehicle seat (1), in particular a commercial vehicle seat, is provided with a scissor-type stand (3) with a seat frame (10) that is articulated thereto by a pivoting axis (B), the seat frame being able to incline in relation to the scissor-type stand (3), and a back rest (20) that is attached to the seat frame (10). The seat frame (10) is articulated directly to the scissor-type stand (3) and is connected in an articulated manner to the scissor-type frame (3) by at least one three-hinged element.
Abstract:
In a method for referencing the position of an actuating element of a functional unit, in particular of a clutch in the drivetrain of a vehicle, the attainment of a reference position of the actuating element is assessed for plausibility in that it is checked whether a variable which can be applied to the actuating element varies in a predetermined way in a predetermined spacing of the position of the actuating element from the reference position.
Abstract:
In a method for referencing the position of an actuating element of a functional unit, in particular of a clutch in the drivetrain of a vehicle, the attainment of a reference position of the actuating element is assessed for plausibility in that it is checked whether a variable which can be applied to the actuating element varies in a predetermined way in a predetermined spacing of the position of the actuating element from the reference position.
Abstract:
A sensor for detecting moisture on a pane includes a coupler having prisms arranged in coupling areas for coupling light from a transmitter into the pane at an input angle and prisms arranged in decoupling areas for decoupling light reflected from the pane to a receiver at a corresponding output angle. The prisms in the coupling areas have prism surfaces perpendicular to the input angle and the prisms in the decoupling areas have prism surfaces perpendicular to the output angle. Each prism includes a prism flank. The prism flanks in the decoupling areas may be arranged parallel to the output angle. Some of the prism flanks in the decoupling areas are opaque or roughened. Alternatively, some of the prism flanks in the decoupling areas are tilted from running parallel to the output angle. Alternatively, some of the prism flanks in the decoupling areas include at least one additional superimposed prism.
Abstract:
A male-female electrode joint is presented, the joint including two joined graphite electrodes having blocked threads and having a seal interposed between the electrodes, the seal composed of a material having an oxidation rate equal to or less than that of the electrodes.