Abstract:
A semiconductor device includes a first fin-type pattern and a second fin-type pattern which protrude upwardly from an upper surface of a field insulating film and extend in a first direction. A gate structure intersects the first fin-type pattern and the second fin-type pattern. A first epitaxial layer is on the first fin-type pattern on at least one side of the gate structure, and a second epitaxial layer is on the second fin-type pattern on at least one side of the gate structure. A metal contact covers outer circumferential surfaces of the first epitaxial layer and the second epitaxial layer. The first epitaxial layer contacts the second epitaxial layer.
Abstract:
A multiplication method and a modular multiplier are provided. The multiplication method includes transforming a redundant-form multiplier by adding a recoding constant to the multiplier, performing recoding by using the transformed multiplier, and performing partial multiplication between the multiplier and a multiplicand using result values of the recoding.
Abstract:
A modular multiplier and a modular multiplication method are provided. The modular multiplier includes: a first register which stores a previous accumulation value calculated at a previous cycle; a second register which stores a previous quotient calculated at the previous cycle; a quotient generator which generates a quotient using the stored previous accumulation value output from the first register; and an accumulator which receives an operand, a bit value of a multiplier, the stored previous accumulation value, and the stored previous quotient to calculate an accumulation value in a current cycle, wherein the calculated accumulation value is updated to the first register, and the generated quotient is updated to the second register.
Abstract:
A modular multiplier and a modular multiplication method are provided. The modular multiplier includes: a first register which stores a previous accumulation value calculated at a previous cycle; a second register which stores a previous quotient calculated at the previous cycle; a quotient generator which generates a quotient using the stored previous accumulation value output from the first register; and an accumulator which receives an operand, a bit value of a multiplier, the stored previous accumulation value, and the stored previous quotient to calculate an accumulation value in a current cycle, wherein the calculated accumulation value is updated to the first register, and the generated quotient is updated to the second register.