公开(公告)号：US4275410A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-23

申请号：US964547

申请日：1978-11-29

Applicant: Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Kuen Chow

Inventor： Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Kuen Chow

IPC: H01L21/76 ,  G06F15/80 ,  H01L21/24 ,  H01L21/3205 ,  H01L21/822 ,  H01L23/48 ,  H01L23/538 ,  H01L25/065 ,  H01L27/00 ,  H01L27/04

CPC classification number: H01L24/72 ,  H01L21/24 ,  H01L23/5385 ,  H01L25/0657 ,  H01L2225/06527 ,  H01L2225/06541 ,  H01L2924/01005 ,  H01L2924/01006 ,  H01L2924/01013 ,  H01L2924/01014 ,  H01L2924/01015 ,  H01L2924/01029 ,  H01L2924/01033 ,  H01L2924/01042 ,  H01L2924/01049 ,  H01L2924/01082 ,  H01L2924/10253 ,  H01L2924/14 ,  H01L2924/30105 ,  H01L2924/3011 ,  H01L2924/3025

Abstract: A large scale parallel architecture in which many parallel channels numbering 10.sup.2 or more operate simultaneously to create a natural and efficient organization for processing two-dimensional arrays of data. The architecture comprises a plurality of stack integrated circuit wafers having top and bottom surfaces, electric signal paths extending through each of the wafers between the surfaces, and micro-interconnects (smaller than 50 mil) on the surfaces of adjacent wafers interconnecting the respective eletric signal paths with a topographical one-to-one correspondence.

Abstract translation: 大型并行架构，其中编号为102或更多的并行通道同时运行，以创建用于处理二维数据阵列的自然而有效的组织。 该架构包括具有顶表面和底表面的多个堆叠集成电路晶片，延伸穿过表面之间的每个晶片的电信号路径以及将相应电子信号互连的相邻晶片的表面上的微互连（小于50密耳） 具有地形一一对应的路径。

公开(公告)号：US4239348A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-16

申请号：US99381

申请日：1979-11-30

Applicant: Jan Grinberg ,  Michael Waldner ,  Paul Q. Braatz ,  Alexander D. Jacobson

Inventor： Jan Grinberg ,  Michael Waldner ,  Paul Q. Braatz ,  Alexander D. Jacobson

IPC: G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/1362

CPC classification number: G02F1/1354 ,  G02F1/136277

Abstract: There is disclosed a single crystal silicon charge storage apparatus suitable for use in an alternating current driven liquid crystal light valve having therein a moderately doped microchannel stop grid. The charge storage medium is made of a high resistivity substrate on which an MOS capacitor is formed having fast photoelectric transient response and capable of operating over a wide frequency range. A doped microgrid structure is formed in one side of the substrate to prevent charge carrier spreading at the silicon-silicon dioxide interface and to provide a focusing electric field for the charge carriers. The signal from the substrate is electrically coupled through high-reflectivity mirrors and light blocking layers to the liquid crystal.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种适用于具有适度掺杂的微通道停止栅格的交流驱动液晶光阀的单晶硅电荷存储装置。 电荷存储介质由高电阻率基板制成，其上形成具有快速光电瞬态响应并能够在宽频率范围内工作的MOS电容器。 在衬底的一侧形成掺杂的微电网结构，以防止电荷载体在硅 - 二氧化硅界面处扩散，并为电荷载体提供聚焦电场。 来自基板的信号通过高反射镜和阻光层电耦合到液晶。

公开(公告)号：US4019807A

公开(公告)日：1977-04-26

申请号：US664776

申请日：1976-03-08

Applicant: Donald D. Boswell ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Gary D. Myer

Inventor： Donald D. Boswell ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Gary D. Myer

IPC: G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/139 ,  G02F1/13

CPC classification number: G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/139

Abstract: There is disclosed a high performance reflective mode liquid crystal light valve suitable for general image processing and projection and particularly suited for application to real-time coherent optical data processing. A preferred example of the device uses a CdS photoconductor, a CdTe light absorbing layer, a dielectric mirror, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between indium-tin-oxide transparent electrodes deposited on optical quality glass flats. The non-coherent light image is directed onto the photoconductor; this reduces the impedance of the photoconductor, thereby switching the AC voltage that is impressed across the electrodes onto the liquid crystal to activate the device. The liquid crystal is operated in a hybrid field effect mode. It utilizes the twisted nematic effect to create a dark off-state (voltage off the liquid crystal) and the optical birefringence effect to create the bright on-state. The liquid crystal thus modulates the polarization of the coherent read-out or projection light responsively to the non-coherent image. An analyzer is used to create an intensity modulated output beam.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种适用于一般图像处理和投影的高性能反射模式液晶光阀，特别适用于实时相干光数据处理。 器件的优选实例使用CdS光电导体，CdTe光吸收层，电介质镜和夹在沉积在光学优质玻璃平板上的铟锡氧化物透明电极之间的液晶层。 非相干光图像被引导到光电导体上; 这降低了光电导体的阻抗，从而将跨电极施加的交流电压切换到液晶上以启动该装置。 液晶以混合场效应模式运行。 它利用扭曲的向列效应产生暗的关闭状态（液晶的电压）和光学双折射效应以产生亮的导通状态。 因此，液晶响应于非相干图像调制相干读出或投影光的偏振。 分析仪用于产生强度调制输出光束。

公开(公告)号：US4198647A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-15

申请号：US4107

申请日：1979-01-17

Applicant: Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  William P. Bleha, Jr. ,  Paul O. Braatz

Inventor： Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  William P. Bleha, Jr. ,  Paul O. Braatz

IPC: G02F1/135 ,  H01L27/14

CPC classification number: G02F1/1354

Abstract: This invention is directed to a semiconductor structure that includes at least one wafer that is fully depleted of all mobile carriers and is used as a medium for the movement of spatially modulated signal represented by charge carriers through the wafer with a spatial resolution that is smaller than the thickness of the wafer. This may be used in the form of a continuous high resolution silicon photodiode substrate to serve as an image input means for an electro-optical display medium, such as a liquid crystal. Next to the photoactivated substrate is a liquid crystal and next to the crystal is a transparent electrode. The photodiode is reverse biased and both of its sides are depleted of all mobile charges throughout its entire thickness. Thus, charges generated in the substrate move to the display not by diffusion as in prior art devices (e.g. the solid state silicon vidicon) but by the influence of the electric field which tends to minimize their lateral spread and thereby achieves a high spatial resolution in spite of the continuous character of this silicon diode device.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种半导体结构，该半导体结构包括至少一个完全耗尽所有移动载波的晶片，并且用作用于通过晶片以空间分辨率移动由电荷载体表示的空间调制信号的介质，其空间分辨率小于 晶片的厚度。 这可以以连续的高分辨率硅光电二极管基板的形式使用，以用作诸如液晶的电光显示介质的图像输入装置。 在光活化基板的旁边是液晶，并且在晶体旁边是透明电极。 光电二极管是反向偏置的，并且其两侧在整个厚度上都耗尽所有移动电荷。 因此，在现有技术的装置（例如，固态硅摄像机）中，在衬底中产生的电荷不会像扩散一样移动到显示器上，而是通过电场的影响，使得它们的横向扩展趋于最小化，从而实现高空间分辨率 尽管这种硅二极管器件具有连续的特性。

公开(公告)号：US4191452A

公开(公告)日：1980-03-04

申请号：US865281

申请日：1977-12-28

Applicant: Jan Grinberg ,  Paul O. Braatz ,  Michael Waldner ,  Alexander D. Jacobson

Inventor： Jan Grinberg ,  Paul O. Braatz ,  Michael Waldner ,  Alexander D. Jacobson

IPC: G09G3/18 ,  G02F1/133 ,  G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/136 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/1365 ,  G09F9/30 ,  H01L29/768 ,  H01L31/14 ,  H04N5/74

CPC classification number: H01L29/76833 ,  G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/136277

Abstract: There is disclosed a single crystal silicon charge storage apparatus suitable for use in an alternating current driven liquid crystal light valve having therein a PIN photodiode structure. The charge storage medium is made of a high resistivity substrate on which an MOS capacitor is formed having fast photoelectric transient response an capable of operating over a wide frequency range. A PIN photodiode structure is provided on one side of the substrate next to the MOS capacitor to deplete the substrate of its mobile charge carriers during a portion of the AC cycle and to collect the electric field-guided signal representing charge carriers that are generated or introduced into the substrate by an input mechanism. The signal from the substrate is electrically coupled through high-reflectivity mirrors and light blocking layers to the liquid crystal.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种适用于具有PIN光电二极管结构的交流驱动液晶光阀的单晶硅电荷存储装置。 电荷存储介质由其上形成有能够在宽频率范围内工作的快速光电瞬变响应的MOS电容器的高电阻率衬底制成。 在MOS电容器旁边的基板的一侧设置PIN光电二极管结构，以在AC周期的一部分期间消耗其移动电荷载流子的基板，并且收集表示产生或引入的电荷载流子的电场引导信号 通过输入机构进入基板。 来自基板的信号通过高反射镜和阻光层电耦合到液晶。

公开(公告)号：US4127322A

公开(公告)日：1978-11-28

申请号：US637906

申请日：1975-12-05

Applicant: Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Donald E. Sprotbery ,  Donald D. Boswell

Inventor： Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Donald E. Sprotbery ,  Donald D. Boswell

IPC: H04N9/31 ,  H01J29/89 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G03B21/00

CPC classification number: H04N9/3105

Abstract: There is disclosed an electro-optical system for real time projection of very high brightness, full color pictorial images from television or other program sources onto a large display screen from a set of three reflection type AC driven field effect mode birefringent liquid crystal light valves each of which modulates a primary color component video image onto a collimated beam of polarized light of a given primary color by modulating the polarization state thereof. In order to achieve very high brightness without overheating the system it is necessary that none of the optical elements forming the projection beam optical system absorb light in carrying out their function. Hence all projection beam optical processes are non-absorptive to first order. The light valves are devices that receive and reflect projection light from an independent high power light source while modulating onto the reflected light video images derived from a low level light source such as a cathode ray tube. The modulation onto the projection beam is achieved by modulating the state of polarization thereof. One such device is used for the red portion of the video image, a second for the green portion and a third for the blue portion. The optical system derives light from a white projection light source, polarizes it, splits it into the three primary colors, directs the three colored beams to the three light valves respectively for image modulation, collects the light that has been modulated by the light valves, recombines the three beams, and projects them onto the screen with sufficient registration to create full color range for the full color image. The optical system uses only a single projection lens and a single polarizing/analyzing beam splitter/recombiner and suitable dichroic mirrors. There is thus provided a simple, compact low weight, high brightness and high efficiency full color light valve image projection system for the projection of high brightness, full color, real time dynamic or static imagery which may include provision for overlay legends or other information as well as possible steroscopic or three dimensional perception by the viewer.

公开(公告)号：US4443064A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-17

申请号：US214930

申请日：1980-12-10

Applicant: Jan Grinberg ,  Michael Waldner ,  Paul O. Braatz ,  Alexander D. Jacobson

Inventor： Jan Grinberg ,  Michael Waldner ,  Paul O. Braatz ,  Alexander D. Jacobson

IPC: G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/13

CPC classification number: G02F1/1354 ,  G02F1/136277

Abstract: There is disclosed a single crystal silicon charge storage apparatus suitable for use in an alternating current driven liquid crystal light valve having therein a moderately doped microchannel stop grid. The charge storage medium is made of a high resistivity substrate on which an MOS capacitor is formed having fast photoelectric transient response and capable of operating over a wide frequency range. A doped microgrid structure is formed in one side of the substrate to prevent charge carrier spreading at the silicon-silicon dioxide interface and to provide a focusing electric field for the charge carriers. The signal from the substrate is electrically coupled through high-reflectivity mirrors and light blocking layers to the liquid crystal.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种适用于具有适度掺杂的微通道停止栅格的交流驱动液晶光阀的单晶硅电荷存储装置。 电荷存储介质由高电阻率基板制成，其上形成具有快速光电瞬态响应并能够在宽频率范围内工作的MOS电容器。 在衬底的一侧形成掺杂的微电网结构，以防止电荷载体在硅 - 二氧化硅界面处扩散，并为电荷载体提供聚焦电场。 来自基板的信号通过高反射镜和阻光层电耦合到液晶。

公开(公告)号：US4191454A

公开(公告)日：1980-03-04

申请号：US949840

申请日：1978-10-10

Applicant: Paul O. Braatz ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Michael Waldner

Inventor： Paul O. Braatz ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Michael Waldner

IPC: G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/13

CPC classification number: G02F1/136277 ,  G02F1/1354

Abstract: There is disclosed a single crystal silicon charge storage apparatus suitable for use in an alternating current driven liquid crystal light valve. The charge storage medium is made of a high resistivity and photosensitive under AC excitation substrate on which an MOS capacitor is formed having fast photoelectric transient response and capable of operating over a wide frequency range. The AC activation provides to a liquid crystal light valve a greatly improved electrochemical stability. Electrically coupled high-reflectivity mirrors and light blocking layers can be used to couple the liquid crystal to the MOS capacitor.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种适用于交流驱动液晶光阀的单晶硅电荷存储装置。 电荷存储介质由交流激励基板上的高电阻率和感光性构成，其上形成具有快速光电瞬变响应且能够在较宽频率范围内工作的MOS电容器。 AC激活为液晶光阀提供了极大改善的电化学稳定性。 可以使用电耦合的高反射镜和遮光层来将液晶耦合到MOS电容器。

公开(公告)号：US4093357A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-06

申请号：US784894

申请日：1977-04-05

Applicant: Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Paul O. Braatz ,  William P. Bleha, Jr.

Inventor： Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Paul O. Braatz ,  William P. Bleha, Jr.

IPC: G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/153 ,  G02F1/13

CPC classification number: G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/1533 ,  G02F2001/1351

Abstract: There is disclosed an anisotropically conductive interface comprising a plurality of cermet and dielectric layers for use in electro-optical devices to separate a substrate driver from an electro-optical display medium to prevent display light from affecting the driver. The substrate may be a photosensor, a charge coupled device or other matrix addressing circuitry arrangement. In general the substrate is one which can provide spatially modulated voltage and/or current patterns. The display medium may be a liquid crystal, an electro-chromic, an electro-luminescent material or the like. The interface provides direct current conductivity through the interface, insulative maintenance of the spatial modulation of the signal across the interface, light reflectivity, and high attenuation of transmitted light.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种各向异性导电界面，其包括用于电光装置的多个金属陶瓷和电介质层，以将基板驱动器与电光显示介质分离，以防止显示光影响驱动器。 衬底可以是光电传感器，电荷耦合器件或其他矩阵寻址电路装置。 通常，衬底是可以提供空间调制的电压和/或电流图案的衬底。 显示介质可以是液晶，电致铬，电致发光材料等。 该接口通过接口提供直流电导率，绝缘维持跨越接口的信号的空间调制，光反射率和透射光的高衰减。

公开(公告)号：US4018509A

公开(公告)日：1977-04-19

申请号：US664777

申请日：1976-03-08

Applicant: Donald D. Boswell ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Gary D. Myer

Inventor： Donald D. Boswell ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Gary D. Myer

IPC: G02B27/46 ,  G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/13

CPC classification number: G02B27/46 ,  G02F1/135

Abstract: There is disclosed a high performance coherent optical data processing system using a reflective mode liquid crystal light valve which is particularly suited for application to real-time coherent optical data processing. A preferred example of the system uses a reflective light valve comprising a CdS photoconductor, a CdTe light absorbing layer, a dielectric mirror, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between indium-tin-oxide transparent electrodes deposited on optical quality glass flats. The non-coherent light image is directed onto the photoconductor; this reduces the impedance of the photoconductor, thereby switching the AC voltage that is impressed across the electrodes onto the liquid crystal to activate the device. The liquid crystal is operated in a hybrid field effect mode. It utilizes the twisted nematic effect to create a dark off-state (voltage off the liquid crystal) and the optical birefringence effect to create the bright on-state. The liquid crystal thus modulates the polarization of the coherent read-out or projection light responsively to the non-coherent image. An analyzer is used to create an intensity modulated output beam which is projected through a Fourier transform lens onto a screen or other detector means.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种使用特别适用于实时相干光数据处理的反射模式液晶光阀的高性能相干光数据处理系统。 该系统的优选实例使用包括CdS光电导体，CdTe光吸收层，电介质镜和夹在沉积在光学优质玻璃平板上的铟锡氧化物透明电极之间的液晶层的反射光阀。 非相干光图像被引导到光电导体上; 这降低了光电导体的阻抗，从而将跨电极施加的交流电压切换到液晶上以启动该装置。 液晶以混合场效应模式运行。 它利用扭曲的向列效应产生暗的关闭状态（液晶的电压）和光学双折射效应以产生亮的导通状态。 因此，液晶响应于非相干图像调制相干读出或投影光的偏振。 分析仪用于产生强度调制的输出光束，其通过傅立叶变换透镜投影到屏幕或其它检测器装置上。