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    METHOD OF OPERATING A THREE-PHASE SLURRY REACTOR
    3.
    发明申请
    METHOD OF OPERATING A THREE-PHASE SLURRY REACTOR 审中-公开
    操作三相浆液反应器的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110311402A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-12-22

    申请号：US13216019

    申请日：2011-08-23

    申请人： André Peter Steynberg ,  Berthold Berend Breman ,  Derk Willem Frederik Brilman

    发明人： André Peter Steynberg ,  Berthold Berend Breman ,  Derk Willem Frederik Brilman

    IPC分类号： B01J8/18

    CPC分类号： C10G2/342 ,  B01J8/1836 ,  B01J8/22 ,  B01J8/226 ,  B01J19/249 ,  B01J2208/0015 ,  B01J2208/022 ,  B01J2219/00015 ,  B01J2219/0002 ,  B01J2219/2453 ,  B01J2219/2458 ,  B01J2219/2462 ,  B01J2219/2474 ,  B01J2219/2481 ,  B01J2219/2496 ,  C10G2/32

    摘要： A method of operating a three-phase slurry reactor includes feeding at a low level at least one gaseous reactant into a vertically extending slurry body of solid particles suspended in a suspension liquid, the slurry body being contained in a plurality of vertically extending horizontally spaced slurry channels inside a common reactor shell, the slurry channels being defined between vertically extending horizontally spaced divider walls or plates and each slurry channel having a height, width and breadth such that the height and breadth are much larger than the width. The gaseous reactant is allowed to react as it passes upwardly through the slurry body present in the slurry channels, thereby to form non-gaseous and/or gaseous product. Gaseous product and/or unreacted gaseous reactant is allowed to disengage from the slurry body in a head space above the slurry body.

    摘要翻译： 操作三相淤浆反应器的方法包括将低至少一种气态反应物进料到悬浮在悬浮液中的固体颗粒的垂直延伸的淤浆体中，浆料体包含在多个垂直延伸的水平间隔的浆料 通道在共同的反应器壳体内，浆液通道限定在垂直延伸的水平隔开的分隔壁或板之间，并且每个浆料通道具有高度，宽度和宽度，使得高度和宽度远大于宽度。 当气态反应物向上通过存在于浆料通道中的淤浆体时，使其反应，从而形成非气态和/或气态产物。 允许气体产物和/或未反应的气态反应物在淤浆体上方的顶部空间中与浆料体脱离。

    Methods of adjusting the Wobbe Index of a fuel and compositions thereof
    4.
    发明授权
    Methods of adjusting the Wobbe Index of a fuel and compositions thereof 有权
    调节燃料的沃泊指数的方法及其组成

    公开(公告)号：US06896707B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-05-24

    申请号：US10189147

    申请日：2002-07-02

    申请人： Dennis J. O'Rear ,  André Peter Steynberg ,  Roger Van Gelder

    发明人： Dennis J. O'Rear ,  André Peter Steynberg ,  Roger Van Gelder

    IPC分类号： F23K5/00 ,  C10G2/00 ,  C10L3/00 ,  C10L3/06 ,  C10L3/12 ,  F23C1/00

    CPC分类号： C10L3/12 ,  C10L3/00 ,  C10L3/06 ,  F23C1/00

    摘要： Novel methods of providing fuels to a gas-to-liquids facility are disclosed. A gas-to-liquids facility typically operates in a remote location and therefore must supply its own energy needs. These facilities are often sustained by fuels having different heating values, and for smooth operation while transitioning from one fuel to another, (such as during startup, shut down, and emergencies) the Wobble Indices of the two fuels cannot greatly vary from one another. According to embodiments of the present invention, the Wobble Index of either or both of the fuels is adjusted such that their ratio is less than or equal to about 3. The fuel having the higher Wobble Index may be natural gas, and materials such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide and flue gas may be added to lower its Wobble Index. The fuel having the lower Wobble Index may be the tail gas of a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and materials such as methane, ethane, LPG, or natural gas may be added to raise its Wobble Index. Alternatively, carbon dioxide may be removed from the tail gas to raise its Wobble Index.

    摘要翻译： 公开了向气体到液体设备提供燃料的新方法。 气体到液体设施通常在偏远地区运行，因此必须提供自己的能源需求。 这些设备通常由具有不同热值的燃料维持，并且在从一种燃料转换到另一种燃料（例如在启动，关闭和紧急情况下）的平稳运行期间，两种燃料的摆动指数不能相差很大。 根据本发明的实施方案，调节任一种或两种燃料的摆动指数，使其比例小于或等于约3.具有较高摆动指数的燃料可以是天然气，诸如氮气的材料 可以添加二氧化碳和烟道气以降低其摆动指数。 具有较低摆动指数的燃料可以是费 - 托合成的尾气，并且可以加入诸如甲烷，乙烷，LPG或天然气的材料以提高其摆动指数。 或者，可以从尾气中除去二氧化碳以提高其摆动指数。

    Production of liquid and, optionally, gaseous hydrocarbons from gaseous reactants into an expanded slurry bed
    5.
    发明授权
    Production of liquid and, optionally, gaseous hydrocarbons from gaseous reactants into an expanded slurry bed 有权
    将液体和任选的气态烃从气态反应物生产成膨胀浆料床

    公开(公告)号：US07772291B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-08-10

    申请号：US11596253

    申请日：2005-04-28

    申请人： André Peter Steynberg

    发明人： André Peter Steynberg

    IPC分类号： C07C27/00

    CPC分类号： C10G2/342 ,  C10G2/34 ,  Y02P20/582

    摘要： A process for producing liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants includes feeding at a low level a gaseous reactants feed comprising at least CO and H2 into an expanded slurry bed of solid non-shifting hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst particles suspended in a suspension liquid, the expanded slurry bed having an aspect ratio of less than 5. The gaseous reactants and any recycled gas are allowed to react with a per pass CO plus H2 conversion of at least 60% as they pass upwardly through the slurry bed at a gas velocity of at least 35 cm/s, thereby to form liquid and, optionally, gaseous products, and with the gaseous reactants and any recycled gas and any gaseous product assisting in maintaining the solid catalyst particles in suspension in the suspension liquid, and with the liquid product forming together with the suspension liquid, a liquid phase of the slurry bed.

    摘要翻译： 用于从气态反应物生产液体和任选的气态产物的方法包括将低至少含有至少CO和H 2的气态反应物进料加入到悬浮在悬浮液中的固体非转移烃合成催化剂颗粒的膨胀淤浆床中， 膨胀的浆料床的纵横比小于5.当气态反应物和任何再循环气体在其通过浆料床时向上通过浆料床时，通过CO加H2转化率至少60％反应，气体速度为 至少35cm / s，从而形成液体和任选的气态产物，以及气态反应物和任何再循环气体和任何有助于将固体催化剂颗粒保持在悬浮液中的悬浮液中的气体产物，以及液体产物 与悬浮液一起形成浆液床的液相。

    Method of introducing or reintroducing a gas into a slurry vessel
    6.
    发明授权
    Method of introducing or reintroducing a gas into a slurry vessel 有权
    将气体引入或重新引入浆料容器的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07575730B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-08-18

    申请号：US11501946

    申请日：2006-08-10

    申请人： André Peter Steynberg

    发明人： André Peter Steynberg

    IPC分类号： B01J19/24 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10G35/00

    CPC分类号： B01J8/22 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J8/006 ,  B01J8/1818 ,  B01J8/1827 ,  B01J8/226 ,  B01J8/44 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00141 ,  B01J2208/00362 ,  B01J2208/00884 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/00245 ,  B01J2219/00247 ,  B01J2219/00252 ,  B01J2219/00268 ,  C07C29/152 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G2/342 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C07C31/04

    摘要： A method is provided for introducing or reintroducing a gas into a slurry vessel holding a slurry comprising a liquid and solid particles and having a gas distributor for injecting a gas into the slurry, where the gas distributor includes a sparger device comprising an apertured sparger portion inside the slurry vessel, an inlet portion leading into the slurry vessel and an outlet portion leading from the slurry vessel, and a valve, external of the slurry vessel, operable to allow or deny flow from the sparger portion out through the outlet portion of the sparger device. The method comprises operating the valve to allow flow through the outlet portion of the sparger device, flushing the sparger device through the outlet portion to remove settled material which may be present in the sparger device, operating the valve to deny flow through the outlet portion of the sparger device, and introducing or reintroducing the gas into the slurry vessel through the sparger device.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将气体引入或重新引入到容纳包含液体和固体颗粒的浆料的浆料容器中并具有用于将气体注入到浆料中的气体分配器的气体分配器的气体分配器，其中气体分配器包括包括多孔式分布器部分的分布器装置 浆料容器，进入浆料容器的入口部分和从浆料容器引出的出口部分，以及浆料容器外部的阀，其可操作以允许或拒绝从分布器部分通过喷射器的出口部分流出 设备。 所述方法包括操作所述阀以允许流过所述分布器装置的出口部分，通过所述出口部分冲洗所述分布器装置，以移除可能存在于所述分布器装置中的沉淀物，操作所述阀以阻止流过所述出口部分 该分布器装置，并且通过该分布器装置将气体引入或再引入浆料容器中。

    Production of liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants
    7.
    发明授权
    Production of liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants 有权
    从气态反应物生产液体和任选的气态产物

    公开(公告)号：US06864293B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-08

    申请号：US10322835

    申请日：2002-12-18

    申请人： André Peter Steynberg

    发明人： André Peter Steynberg

    IPC分类号： B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/20 ,  F28D7/00 ,  C07C27/00

    CPC分类号： B01J8/20 ,  B01J8/1836 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00141 ,  B01J2208/00256 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/00238 ,  F28D7/0066 ,  F28D7/0091

    摘要： A process for producing liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants includes feeding, at a low level, gaseous reactants into a slurry bed, allowing the gaseous reactants to react as they pass upwardly through the slurry bed, withdrawing any gaseous product and unreacted gaseous reactants from a head space above the slurry bed and withdrawing liquid product and/or slurry bed to maintain the slurry bed at a desired level. The process further includes passing boiler water, as a first heat transfer fluid, in indirect heat exchange relationship through the slurry bed to remove heat from the slurry bed, allowing the heated boiler water to flash and separate to form pressurised steam, controlling the pressure of the steam to be substantially constant, and passing a second heat transfer fluid in indirect heat exchange relationship through the slurry bed to remove heat from the slurry bed.

    摘要翻译： 从气态反应物生产液体和任选的气态产物的方法包括将低水平的气态反应物进料到浆料床中，使得气态反应物在向上通过淤浆床时反应，取出任何气态产物和未反应 来自浆料床上方的顶部空间的气态反应物和抽出液体产物和/或浆料床以将浆料床保持在期望的水平。 该方法还包括将锅炉水作为第一传热流体通过浆料床间接热交换关系，以从浆料床中除去热量，从而使加热的锅炉水闪蒸并分离以形成加压蒸汽，控制压力 蒸汽基本上恒定，并且通过浆料床将间接热交换关系中的第二传热流体通过以从淤浆床中除去热量。

    Process for producing liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants
    8.
    发明授权
    Process for producing liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants 有权
    用于从气态反应物生产液体和任选的气态产物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06265452B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-07-24

    申请号：US09537442

    申请日：2000-03-27

    申请人： André Peter Steynberg ,  David H. Jones ,  Roy W. Silverman

    发明人： André Peter Steynberg ,  David H. Jones ,  Roy W. Silverman

    IPC分类号： C07C2700

    CPC分类号： C10G2/342 ,  B01D3/009 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C07C1/0405 ,  C07C1/0455 ,  C07C1/0485 ,  Y02P20/127

    摘要： A process for producing liquid and gaseous products from gaseous reactants. The process includes a) feeding a synthesis gas stream of mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen, as gaseous reactants, into a slurry bed of solid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles suspended in a suspension liquid, with the slurry bed being provided in a reaction zone, b) allowing the gaseous reactants to react, by means of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, as they pass upwardly through the slurry bed; c) withdrawing liquid phase from the slurry bed, to maintain the slurry bed at a desired level; d) allowing gaseous products and unreacted gaseous reactants to disengage from the slurry bed and to pass upwardly as a gas phase into a freeboard zone of a head space above the reaction zone; e) subjecting the gas phase to distillation; f) returning separated catalyst particles and liquid phase from the distillation zone and g) withdrawing treated gas phase from the head space.

    摘要翻译： 一种从气态反应物生产液体和气态产物的方法。 该方法包括：a）将主要为一氧化碳和氢气的合成气流作为气态反应物供入悬浮在悬浮液中的固体费 - 托催化剂颗粒的淤浆床中，浆料床设置在反应区中，b ）允许气态反应物通过费 - 托合成在其向上通过浆料床时反应; c）从浆料床中取出液相，以将浆料床保持在期望的水平; d）允许气体产物和未反应的气体反应物从浆料床脱离并作为气相向上传送到反应区上方的顶部空间的干舷区; e）对气相进行蒸馏; f）从蒸馏区返回分离出的催化剂颗粒和液相，g）从顶部空间取出经处理的气相。

    REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN CYANIDE FROM SYNTHESIS GAS
    9.
    发明申请
    REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN CYANIDE FROM SYNTHESIS GAS 有权
    从合成气中除去氢氰化物

    公开(公告)号：US20100061905A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-03-11

    申请号：US12513077

    申请日：2007-10-29

    申请人： Braam van Dyk ,  John Marroptt ,  Bavanethan Pillay ,  Hendrik Johannes van Der Westhuizen ,  Ronél Combrink ,  Trevor David Phillips ,  Denise Louisette Venter ,  André Peter Steynberg

    发明人： Braam van Dyk ,  John Marroptt ,  Bavanethan Pillay ,  Hendrik Johannes van Der Westhuizen ,  Ronél Combrink ,  Trevor David Phillips ,  Denise Louisette Venter ,  André Peter Steynberg

    IPC分类号： B01D53/54

    CPC分类号： B01D53/78 ,  B01D53/54 ,  B01D2251/60 ,  B01D2257/408 ,  C10K1/105 ,  C10K1/106 ,  C10K1/108

    摘要： A process (10) for at least partially removing hydrogen cyanide from synthesis gas includes feeding a synthesis gas (30) containing hydrogen cyanide to a gas-liquid contacting stage (18) and, in the gas-liquid contacting stage (18), contacting the synthesis gas with an aqueous washing solution (36) comprising at least one dissolved metal salt, with metal cations of the metal salt being capable of forming metal cyanide complexes and/or metal cyanide precipitates, and weak acid anions of the metal salt serving to buffer the pH of the washing solution in a range between 6 and 10. Hydrogen cyanide is washed from the synthesis gas by the washing solution to form a treated synthesis gas (38) and a spent washing solution (40). From time to time or continuously, at least a portion of the spent washing solution is withdrawn from the gas-liquid contacting stage. The treated synthesis gas (38) is also withdrawn from the gas-liquid contacting stage.

    摘要翻译： 用于从合成气中至少部分去除氰化氢的方法（10）包括将含有氰化氢的合成气（30）进料到气 - 液接触级（18）中，并且在气 - 液接触级（18）中， 所述合成气与包含至少一种溶解的金属盐的金属盐的金属阳离子和能够形成金属氰化物络合物和/或金属氰化物沉淀物的含水洗涤溶液（36）以及金属盐的弱酸性阴离子用作 将洗涤溶液的pH缓冲在6至10之间的范围内。通过洗涤溶液从合成气中洗涤氰化物以形成处理过的合成气（38）和废洗涤溶液（40）。 不时或连续地，至少一部分废洗涤溶液从气 - 液接触阶段中排出。 经处理的合成气（38）也从气 - 液接触阶段排出。