摘要:
A liquid crystal element comprising a pair of transparent substrates, a liquid crystal layer which fills in between the pair of substrates and can form a chiral smectic C phase in homeotropic orientation, and an electrode which generates, at least, an electric field (parallel electric field) in directions parallel to a principal face of the substrate for the liquid crystal layer is provided, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises, at least, a chiral compound of the following general formula (1-I) or a chiral compound of the following general formula (2-I) and a chiral compound of the following general formula (2-II) in a base liquid crystal material which can provide a phase sequence of an isotropic liquid phase, a nematic phase, a smectic A phase and a smectic C phase from a higher temperature side, wherein R1, A2, Z1, Z2, m and I in formula (1-I), X, R1, R2, and * in formula (2-I), and X, R3, R4, R5, and * in formula (2-II) are defined in the specification.
摘要:
An optical deflection device includes an optical deflection element having a pair of transparent boards arranged in a mutually opposing manner. A liquid crystal layer is filled between the boards and forms a chiral smectic C phase. An orientation film orients liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer in a substantially perpendicular direction with respect to the liquid crystal layer. Electrodes generate an electric field in a substantially parallel direction with respect to the liquid crystal layer. A first voltage application part applies, to the electrodes, an ac voltage of a deflection frequency switching the optical deflection direction of the optical deflection element. A second voltage application part applies, to the electrodes, an ac voltage of a higher frequency than the deflection frequency. A stop process part causes the second voltage application part to apply the ac voltage of the higher frequency than the deflection frequency after causing the first voltage application part to apply the ac voltage of the deflection frequency, when stopping an operation of switching the optical deflection direction of the optical-deflection element.
摘要:
An optical path deflecting element, an optical path deflecting apparatus, an image displaying apparatus, an optical writing apparatus, an optical interconnection apparatus, an optical element, and a fabrication method thereof. The optical path deflecting element includes a pair of transparent substrates, transparent electrode films on the substrates to which a voltage having an inverse polarity is selectively applied, an alignment layer in the inner sides of the substrates, and a liquid crystal layer formed of a chiral smectic C phase between the substrates via the alignment layer and homogeneously aligned by the alignment layer. The optical deflecting element can realize the uniformly-aligned liquid crystal layer more easily than a case in which the liquid crystal is aligned to become in a bistable condition. For this reason, it is possible to improve yield in the fabrication.
摘要:
A color liquid crystal device comprises a pair of transparent substrates opposing to each other and having electrodes respectively, a plurality of color filters disposed on an inner surface of one of the substrates, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the substrates, a pair of electrodes disposed on the substrates respectively for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer thereby to vary a state of molecular orientation of said liquid crystal layer to perform a light modulation. A thickness of the liquid crystal layer is decreased or increased at an overlapping portion of the color filters than the rest portion of the color filters.
摘要:
A color liquid crystal device comprises: a pair of transparent substrates opposing to each other and having electrodes respectively, a plurality of color filters disposed on an inner surface of one of the substrates, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the substrates, a pair of electrodes disposed on the substrates respectively for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer thereby to vary a state of molecular orientation of said liquid crystal layer to perform a light modulation. A thickness of the liquid crystal layer is decreased or increased at an overlapping portion of the color filters than the rest portion of said color filters.
摘要:
The present invention provides a compensator for liquid crystal display comprising a light transmitting base, an alignment layer formed on the base, and a film formed on the alignment layer by a liquid crystalline polymer which contains as a main component a polyester consisting essentially of structural units (A) and (B) represented by the following formulae: ##STR1## (B) --O--R--O-- where R represents a straight chain or branched, divalent, aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms in which the hydrogen atoms may be substituted by halogen, phenyl, or alkoxy.
摘要:
A light path shift device is disclosed that is able to divide an effective region of a light path and drive the divided regions independently. The light path shift device includes a liquid crystal layer held between at least two opposite transparent substrates, the liquid crystal layer being homeotropically aligned and being able to form a chiral smectic C phase; and plural electrodes for applying an electric field in the liquid crystal layer in a horizontal direction. An effective region of the liquid crystal layer through which a light path passes is divided into plural sub-regions, plural light path shift elements with the electrodes formed thereon are stacked only at positions corresponding to the sub-regions, and are arranged so that boundary lines of the sub-regions are in agreement when being viewed along the direction of light propagation.
摘要:
An image projection device performing pixel shift in synchronization with sequential updating of image data is disclosed that is able to start and stop pixel shift operations within a period of updating the image frames while maintaining brightness of the image. The image projection device has an intermediate image formation optical system including a light valve able to update an image frame in a line-sequential manner, a pixel shift unit to shift the light path of a light beam from the light valve so as to shift a position of an image formed on the light valve, and an intermediate image formation unit arranged on the light path between the light valve and the pixel shift unit for forming an intermediate image of the image on the light valve at a position of the pixel shift unit.
摘要:
An illumination system having a light-emitting unit and a reflecting mirror for condensing light is described. The illumination system includes a lens plate having a plurality of approximately identical lens elements. The lens plate is disposed away from the light-emitting unit and the plurality of lens elements are arranged two-dimensionally and approximately perpendicular to a main optical axis of a projection lens system and an object to be projected. The illumination system further includes first and second lenticules, and at least one convex lens disposed so as to refract a light path of the light flux formed by each of the plurality of lens elements such that the light flux illuminates a surface of the object to be projected after passing through the first and second lenticules.
摘要:
An insulating layer is formed on a plurality of electrodes formed on a plastic film substrate, the insulating layer having a plurality of electrode connecting holes formed therein. Electrodes of the plurality of electrodes are selectively connected to an external circuit via respective ones of the plurality of connecting holes. Conductive color filter layers are formed on the thus-connected electrodes by an electrochemical method. A value obtained as a result of subtracting a width of each one of the plurality of electrode connecting holes from a width of a respective one of the plurality of electrodes is large so that a position of the electrode connecting hole is maintained to correspond to a position of the electrode even when the plastic film substrate expands or contracts maximally.