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公开(公告)号：USRE35962E
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US693689
申请日：1996-08-05
申请人： Gary A. Ball , William H. Glenn
发明人： Gary A. Ball , William H. Glenn
CPC分类号： H01S3/0675 , H01S3/06737 , H01S3/08031 , H01S3/094007 , H01S3/094019 , H01S3/2383
摘要： An optical waveguide laser arrangement includes a solid optical waveguide having a waveguiding portion that extends along an axis between two spaced regions of the optical waveguide and is of a material capable of emitting stimulated light upon excitation by pumping light that is launched into the optical waveguide for axial propagation through the axially spaced regions of the optical waveguide. Two reflectors are provided, each being disposed at one of the axially spaced regions of the optical waveguide to delimit a laser resonator. At least one of the reflectors is constituted by a Bragg grating consisting of a multitude of axially consecutive periodic perturbations in the refractive index of the respective one of the axially spaced regions that cumulatively reflect the stimulated light at a reflectivity that decreases for adjacent longitudinal modes of the stimulated light with increasing deviation from a central wavelength. The axial length of the laser resonator, the reflectivity of the Bragg grating and the gain of the excitable material are so coordinated with one another as to sustain lasing in only a single longitudinal mode.
摘要翻译： 光波导激光器配置包括具有波导部分的固体光波导，该波导部分沿着光波导的两个间隔区域之间的轴线延伸，并且是能够通过泵送发射到光波导中的光而激发时发射受激光的材料 通过光波导的轴向间隔的区域的轴向传播。 提供两个反射器，每个反射器设置在光波导的轴向间隔开的一个区域中，以限定激光谐振器。 反射器中的至少一个由布拉格光栅构成，布拉格光栅由轴向间隔开的相应一个区域的折射率中的多个轴向连续的周期性扰动组成，其累积地以相对于纵向模式的相对纵向模式减小的反射率反射受激光 受激光随着偏离中心波长而增加。 激光谐振器的轴向长度，布拉格光栅的反射率和可激发材料的增益是如此协调的，以便在单一纵向模式下维持激光。
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公开(公告)号：US5305335A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-19
申请号：US17069
申请日：1993-02-12
申请人： Gary A. Ball , William H. Glenn
发明人： Gary A. Ball , William H. Glenn
CPC分类号： H01S3/09415 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/06737 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/08031 , H01S3/08086 , H01S3/094007 , H01S3/094019 , H01S3/094038
摘要： An optical waveguide laser arrangement includes a solid optical waveguide having a waveguiding portion that extends along an axis between two spaced regions of the optical waveguide and is of a material capable of emitting stimulated light upon excitation by pumping light that is launched into the optical waveguide for axial propagation through the axially spaced regions of the optical waveguide. Two reflectors are provided, each being disposed at one of the axially spaced regions of the optical waveguide to delimit a laser resonator. At least one of the reflectors is constituted by a Bragg grating consisting of a multitude of axially consecutive periodic perturbations in the refractive index of the respective one of the axially spaced regions that cumulatively reflect the stimulated light at a reflectivity that decreases for adjacent longitudinal modes of the stimulated light with increasing deviation from a central wavelength. The axial length of the laser resonator, the reflectivity of the Bragg grating and the gain of the excitable material are so coordinated with one another as to sustain lasing in only a single longitudinal mode.
摘要翻译： 光波导激光器配置包括具有波导部分的固体光波导，该波导部分沿着光波导的两个间隔区域之间的轴线延伸，并且是能够通过泵送发射到光波导中的光而激发时发射受激光的材料 通过光波导的轴向间隔的区域的轴向传播。 提供两个反射器，每个反射器设置在光波导的轴向间隔开的一个区域中，以限定激光谐振器。 反射器中的至少一个由布拉格光栅构成，布拉格光栅由轴向间隔开的相应一个区域的折射率中的多个轴向连续的周期性扰动组成，其累积地以相对于纵向模式的相对纵向模式减小的反射率反射受激光 受激光随着偏离中心波长而增加。 激光谐振器的轴向长度，布拉格光栅的反射率和可激发材料的增益是如此协调的，以便在单一纵向模式下维持激光。
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公开(公告)号：US4806012A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-21
申请号：US122826
申请日：1987-11-19
申请人： Gerald Meltz , William H. Glenn , Elias Snitzer
发明人： Gerald Meltz , William H. Glenn , Elias Snitzer
CPC分类号： G01K5/52 , G01B11/16 , G01D5/35383
摘要： A distributed, spatially resolving optical fiber strain gauge in which the core of the optical fiber is written with periodic grating patterns effective for transmitting and reflecting light injected into the core. Spectral shifts in the transmitted and reflected light indicate the intensity of strain or temperature variations at positions of the grating corresponding to the associated wavelengths of injected light.
摘要翻译： 分布式，空间分辨的光纤应变计，其中光纤的芯被写入有效地用于透射和反射注入到芯中的光的周期性光栅图案。 透射光和反射光中的光谱偏移表示对应于注入光的相关波长的光栅位置处的应变强度或温度变化。
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公开(公告)号：US4725110A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-16
申请号：US925512
申请日：1986-10-27
申请人： William H. Glenn , Gerald Meltz , Elias Snitzer
发明人： William H. Glenn , Gerald Meltz , Elias Snitzer
IPC分类号： G01J1/02 , G01K11/12 , G01L1/00 , G02B5/18 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/124 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/12
CPC分类号： G02B5/18 , G02B6/02133 , G02B6/022 , G02B6/02204 , G02B6/124 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A method of establishing a dielectric periodic index of refraction phase grating upon the core of an optical waveguide by intense angled application of several transverse beams of ultraviolet light, enabling the establishment of a distributed, spatially resolving optical fiber strain gauge.
摘要翻译： 通过强烈地角度地施加几束紫外线横向光束，在光波导的核心上建立折射相位光栅的介电周期性折射率的方法，使得能够建立分布式空间分辨的光纤应变计。
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公开(公告)号：US4368645A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-18
申请号：US191193
申请日：1980-09-26
CPC分类号： G01L11/02
摘要： A system for sensing pressure features an electrically passive sensing head connected to electrically active components by a fiber optic cable. A preferred embodiment combines a polariscope bracketing a quarter wave plate and a photoelastic medium. The dependence of the intensities of two polarization components of light emerging from the photoelastic medium on the pressure applied to the medium permits the measurement of that pressure in a manner that has quadratic error dependence on optical misalignment.
摘要翻译： 用于感测压力的系统具有通过光纤电缆连接到电活动部件的电动无源感测头。 优选实施例组合了包围四分之一波片的偏光镜和光弹介质。 从光弹介质出射的光的两个偏振分量的强度对施加到介质的压力的依赖性允许以对光学偏移具有二次误差依赖性的方式测量该压力。
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公开(公告)号：US4302970A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-01
申请号：US148343
申请日：1980-05-09
申请人： Elias Snitzer , William H. Glenn
发明人： Elias Snitzer , William H. Glenn
CPC分类号： G01K11/32
摘要： A temperature probe formed by an optical fiber having a core fabricated from a glass host doped with a trivalent rare earth is positioned at the location temperature is to be measured. One of the rare earth elements, europium, has low lying energy levels that have significant population changes over certain desirable temperature ranges, i.e., related to the population of this particular energy level transition is monitored to determine the temperature at the location of the temperature probe. A simplified embodiment of a temperature measuring device incorporating the optical temperature probe includes at least one LED, or equivalent, to generate light into the input end of the optical fiber. The preselected wavelength of light that corresponds to the absorption line of interest experiences a change in strength as function of temperature. A detector at the output end measures changes in strength of the absorbed light by normalizing to an unabsorbed wavelength of light.
摘要翻译： 由具有由掺杂有三价稀土的玻璃基体制成的芯的光纤形成的温度探针位于要测量的位置温度。 其中一种稀土元素铕具有较低的能级，其在某些理想的温度范围内具有显着的人口变化，即与该特定能量跃迁的群体有关，以监测温度探针位置处的温度 。 结合光学温度探针的温度测量装置的简化实施例包括至少一个LED或等效物，以将光产生到光纤的输入端。 对应于感兴趣的吸收线的光的预选波长经历作为温度函数的强度变化。 输出端的检测器通过归一化为未吸收的波长的波长来测量吸收的光的强度的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US5666372A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-09
申请号：US13490
申请日：1993-02-01
申请人： Gary A. Ball , William H. Glenn
发明人： Gary A. Ball , William H. Glenn
CPC分类号： H01S3/09415 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/06737 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/08031 , H01S3/08086 , H01S3/094007 , H01S3/094019 , H01S3/094038 , H01S3/23 , H01S3/2383
摘要： An emedded Bragg grating laser Master-Oscillator and Power-Amplifier (MOPA), includes an optical waveguide which receives and propagates pump light of a predetermined wavelength launched into the optical waveguide; a first master oscillator laser, disposed in the waveguide in the path of the pump light, the laser having a laser cavity disposed between a first pair of reflectors and having a first laser gain medium within the first laser cavity which emits first lasing light in response to the pump light, the first reflectors reflecting a predetermined amount of the first lasing light within the first laser cavity and passing a predetermined amount of the first fusing light as first output laser light from the first laser, the first reflectors passing the pump light through the first laser; at least one of the first reflectors comprises a Bragg grating; and an optical waveguide power amplifier, disposed in the path of the first output laser light and the pump light, and having a first amplifier gain medium therein which emits first amplified laser light in response to the pump light and the first output laser light.
摘要翻译： 一种嵌入式布拉格光栅激光器主振荡器和功率放大器（MOPA），包括：接收并传播发射到光波导中的预定波长的泵浦光的光波导; 第一主振荡器激光器，设置在泵浦光路径中的波导中，激光器具有设置在第一对反射器之间的激光腔，并且在第一激光腔内具有第一激光增益介质，该第一激光增益介质响应于发射第一激光 所述第一反射器反射预定量的所述第一激光腔内的所述第一激光，并且将来自所述第一激光的第一输出激光的预定量的所述第一熔合光通过，所述第一反射器将所述泵浦光通过 第一激光; 所述第一反射器中的至少一个包括布拉格光栅; 以及设置在第一输出激光和泵浦光的路径中的光波导功率放大器，并且其中具有响应于泵浦光和第一输出激光而发射第一放大激光的第一放大器增益介质。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5388173A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US169796
申请日：1993-12-20
申请人： William H. Glenn
发明人： William H. Glenn
CPC分类号： G02B6/02133 , G02B6/02123 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A method and apparatus for simultaneously exposing an optical fiber 32, made of a material which has a refractive index that can be permanently changed by exposure to light of a predetermined intensity at a predetermined wavelength, to two writing light beams 268,272 which intersect and interfere in a predetermined region 30 of the fiber 32 so as to create an interference pattern along a longitudinal axis of the fiber 32, for a time long enough to form a permanent refractive index variation in the waveguide. Each of said two writing beams have a predetermined number of wavelengths, each wavelength being sufficiently different from each other so as to cause said refractive index variation to be an aperiodic variation. Also, each wavelength represents a Fourier component of the desired aperiodic refractive index variation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于同时曝光由具有可以通过暴露于预定波长的预定强度的光而永久改变的折射率的材料制成的光纤32的两个写入光束268,272相交和干涉的方法和装置 光纤32的预定区域30，以便沿着光纤32的纵向轴线产生干涉图案足够长的时间以在波导中形成永久折射率变化。 所述两个写入光束中的每一个具有预定数量的波长，每个波长彼此充分不同，以使所述折射率变化为非周期性变化。 此外，每个波长表示期望的非周期折射率变化的傅立叶分量。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5317576A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US13117
申请日：1993-02-01
CPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/09415 , H01S3/06737 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/08031 , H01S3/08086 , H01S3/094007 , H01S3/094019 , H01S3/094038 , H01S3/23 , H01S3/2383
摘要： A tunable optical waveguide laser arrangement includes a solid optical waveguide capable of guiding light along an axis between axially spaced ends thereof and being at least in part of an excitable material that emits light in response to stimulation by light. Stimulating light is launched into the waveguide for axial propagation therein and attendant emission of light by the excitable material. Two end reflectors are situated in the waveguide, each at one of the axially spaced ends thereof and extending normal to the axis to delimit a laser cavity. Each of the reflectors is constituted by a Bragg grating consisting of a multitude of axially consecutive grating elements constituted by periodic refractive index perturbations with a given periodicity. The length of the cavity, the peak reflectivity of the Bragg gratings and the gain of the excitable material are so coordinated with one another as to enable lasing in only a single longitudinal mode. The length of that portion of the optical waveguide that incorporates the two Bragg gratings and an intervening region of the optical waveguide is uniformly controlledly varied with attendant continuous tuning of the laser output wavelength without longitudinal mode hopping.
摘要翻译： 可调谐光波导激光器布置包括固体光波导，其能够沿着轴的轴向间隔开的端部引导光，并且至少部分地是响应于光的刺激而发光的可激发材料。 刺激光被发射到波导中以在其中轴向传播并伴随着可兴奋材料的光发射。 两个端部反射器位于波导中，每个在其轴向间隔开的一个端部处并且垂直于轴线延伸以限定激光腔。 每个反射器由布拉格光栅构成，布拉格光栅由具有给定周期的周期性折射率扰动构成的多个轴向连续的光栅元件组成。 腔的长度，布拉格光栅的峰值反射率和可激发材料的增益彼此协调，以使得仅在单个纵向模式下实现激光。 结合两个布拉格光栅的光波导的该部分的长度和光波导的中间区域的均匀控制地随着激光输出波长的连续调谐而不进行纵向模式跳变。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5048913A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-17
申请号：US457043
申请日：1989-12-26
申请人： William H. Glenn , William W. Morey , Gerald Meltz
发明人： William H. Glenn , William W. Morey , Gerald Meltz
CPC分类号： G02B6/02085 , G02B6/14 , G02B6/021
摘要： An optical waveguide mode discrimination light filtering arrangement inclues an optical waveguide having an elongated multimode core, and a cladding that guides at least two modes of light of a given frequency in an elongated path along a longitudinal axis of said core. At least one grating region is embedded in the core at a location remote from the end portions of the core and has a multitude of grating elements extending with a substantially equal longitudinal spacing substantially normal to the longitudinal axis to reflect light propagating in the path and reaching the grating elements back into the path for longitudinal propagation therein opposite to the original propagation direction. The spacing of the grating elements is so related to the axial wavelength of one of the modes that the reflected light of the one mode interferes constructively while the light of any other of the modes passes through the grating region in the original propagation direction substantially without attenuation.
摘要翻译： 光波导模式识别光滤波装置包括具有细长多模核心的光波导和包围，沿着所述芯的纵向轴在细长路径中引导给定频率的至少两种模式的光。 至少一个光栅区域嵌入到远离芯的端部的位置处的芯中，并且具有多个光栅元件，其基本上与纵向轴线基本上相等的纵向间隔延伸，以反射在路径中传播的光并达到 光栅元件返回到与原始传播方向相反的纵向传播路径。 光栅元件的间距与一个模式的反射光的结构性干涉的一种模式的轴向波长有关，而任何其他模式的光在原始传播方向上的光线基本上没有衰减 。
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