Abstract:
In order to provide a method of electrochemically detecting a target substance, a method of electrochemically detecting an analyte, and a detection set which have a theoretical advantage in the measurement sensitivity obtained by a conventional electrochemical detection method using a working electrode with a trapping substance immobilized, can reuse the working electrode, and can detect an analyte regardless of the size thereof, there is provided a method including: attracting the target substance containing a labeling substance in a liquid sample to a working electrode in which a trapping substance for trapping the target substance containing a labeling substance is not present; and electrochemically detecting the target substance containing a labeling substance.
Abstract:
Disclosed are semiconductor devices employing chips comprising highly integrating semiconductor elements, and having various means for controlling temperature increase of the chips. These means comprise three approaches: means for controlling heat generation by adjusting clock frequencies to be supplied to the chips respectively; means for suppressing heat generation by suitably arranging the wiring construction of the chip substrate; and means for suppressing heat generation of sub-chips by a prarallel process such as optical communication between the sub-chips.
Abstract:
A line memory for speed conversion, whose data rates of write into and read from a memory cell (1) differ from each other, has a write circuit (2, 3, 4) for writing input data (D.sub.in) into the cell (1) at a predetermined rate and resetting the write address of the cell (1) at a predetermined period, a read circuit (5, 6, 7) for reading data (D.sub.out) from cell (1) at a rate different from the write rate and resetting the read address of the cell (1) at the predetermined period, the first shift circuit (8) for shifting reset timing of the write address, and the second shift circuit (9) for shifting reset timing of the read address, the first and second shift circuits enabling respective setting quantities at the same value. This memory can shift both the write address reset timing and the read address reset timing while keeping both in the same condition.
Abstract:
A data delay/memory circuit includes clock-controlled data latch circuits formed with cascade-connected clocked inverters. The data delay/memory circuit also includes a clock generator for supplying the clocked inverters with clock signals. These clock signals have individual clocking phases and are sequentially generated such that the clocking phase for a final stage of the data latch circuits is ahead of that for an initial stage thereof.
Abstract:
A signal synthesizer apparatus having a parameter dependent multiplier which includes charge-coupled devices. The multiplier has a gating input to store a charge corresponding to an input signal applied thereto; a transmission circuit for selectively transferring portions of the stored input charge, the selectivity of the transmission circuit being dependent on the prescribed parameter; and an output for receiving and combining all of the charges transferred from the transmission circuit. The transmission circuit comprises a first circuit for selectively dividing the charge corresponding to the input signal into given fragments and for transferring the divided charge, and a second circuit for determining the selectivity of the dividing of the charge according to the prescribed parameter. The rate of the dividing of charge corresponds to the multiplicative coefficient of the multiplier.
Abstract:
A multi-processor system having a priority control wherein jobs are transferred between processors in a multi-processor system when a new job is accepted by the system. The processors are arranged in a predetermined priority sequence and in response to an interrupt command, the system always directs a transferred job to which priority processor whose currently executing job is transferred to a lower priority processor. Jobs are transferred by shifting linkage information from one processor to the other through a common control memory in accordance with a job transfer program at each processor. When the interrupt cycle is completed, transferred jobs are returned to the processor at which they were being processed prior to the interrupt.
Abstract:
There are provided a counter, a memory device which stores a combustion delay information, that is an information regarding the time delay between ignition initiation and combustion, and a processor. In response to a clock pulse the counter measures the interval between adjacent combustion initiation points and produces a count information corresponding to the combustion interval. The combustion delay information is read out of the memory device by the count information. The processor produces an ignition time information in response to the count information and the combustion delay information. The ignition time information contains an information corresponding to the difference between the combustion initiation points and the combustion delay time, and is used to generate a succeeding ignition initiation time.
Abstract:
In transmitting data between a plurality of sequentially connected FIFO type memory elements by controlling a binary coded signal a circuit element is provided in a manner to correspond to each memory element, so as to indicate a data storage state. A circuit element comprises flip-flop constructed of two NOR circuits, the input of each NOR circuit being connected to an input control line or an output control line, and inverters each of which is connected to the output of the NOR circuit. The provision of such circuit element permits an automatic data transmission control according to a data storage state in a specified memory element and a data storage state in the next stage memory element.
Abstract:
A data transfer control system for controlling data transfer between a processor and an input/output device comprises a multi-layer stack for temporarily storing transfer data, such as a first-in first-out stack or a last-in first-out stack; first and second up/down counters having a preset function and permitting any designated address at the stack to be varied; and first and second pointer registers for storing any initially designated address data which is stored in the counter. The first counter permits a direction of a count operation to be determined by the processor and the first point register has an initially designated address data stored therein by the processor. The second counter permits a direction of a count operation to be determined by the input/output device and the second point register has an initially designated address data stored therein by the input/output device. The direction of a data flow at the stack is varied dependent upon the direction in which the first and second counters effect count operations.
Abstract:
An information transferring apparatus disposed between first and second information processing units comprises a first-in first-out stack, a first information line for transferring information from the first information processing unit to the first-in first-out stack, a second information line for transferring information from the first-in first-out stack to the second information processing unit, a third information line for transferring information from the second information processing unit to the first-in first-out stack, a fourth information line for transferring information from the first-in first-out stack to the first information processing unit, switching circuits for selectively deactivating the first to fourth information lines, and a command register for applying first and second control signals to the switching circuits, wherein the switching circuits operate responsive to the first control signal from the command register to deactivate the third and fourth information lines while holding active the first and second information lines, and operate responsive to the second control signal from the command register to deactivate the first and second information lines while holding active the third and fourth information lines. The command register may be replaced and its functions performed by either manual control or an external circuit.