Abstract:
An apparatus is provided for growing high aspect ratio emitters (26) on a substrate (13). The apparatus comprises a housing (10) defining a chamber and includes a substrate holder (12) attached to the housing and positioned within the chamber for holding a substrate having a surface for growing the high aspect ratio emitters (26) thereon. A heating element (17) is positioned near the substrate and being at least one material selected from the group consisting of carbon, conductive cermets, and conductive ceramics. The housing defines an opening (15) into the chamber for receiving a gas into the chamber for forming the high aspect ratio emitters (26).
Abstract:
An apparatus (10) for, and method of, placing a plurality of spacers (12) between a parallel opposed anode and cathode (20) of an emissive display includes temporarily securing, by applying a vacuum for example, a first side of one of the anode or cathode to a base (14) having a plurality of electromagnets (16) positioned therein. The electromagnets (16) attract a first side of each of the plurality of spacers (12), thereby positioning each of the spacers (12) in a desired location on a second side of the one of the anode or cathode (20). The spacers (12) may be provided from a shuffling tray (40) having a plurality of openings (42), each opening (42) approximately aligned with one of the electromagnets (16) and shaped so as to present the first side to the electromagnet (16) to the one of the anode or cathode (20).
Abstract:
An exemplary system and method for providing a multi-layer klystron-type electron beam device for the generation and amplification of millimeter-wave electromagnetic radiation is disclosed as comprising inter alia: a cathode layer (130); a collector layer (100); an extraction layer (120); a control layer (140); an input cavity (150); an output cavity (170); several ceramic spacer layers (103, 105, 107) dispose intermediately between the cathode (130) and the collector (100); and optionally, several magnetic ceramic layers (160, 165) for beam forming and focusing. After the klystron's layers are assembled, the device may be fired to form a substantially monolithic structure.
Abstract:
A high frequency field emission device (200, 400, 500, 600) includes a cathode (210, 410, 563, 610), a field emissive film (260, 460, 560, 660) formed on the cathode (210, 410, 563, 610), an anode (220, 420, 520, 620) spaced from the field emissive film (260, 460, 560, 660), and a control electrode (250, 450, 550, 650, 655) disposed between the anode (220, 420, 520, 620) and cathode (210, 410, 563, 610) for modulating or switching electron emission from the field emissive film (260, 460, 560, 660) according to a high frequency input signal signal.
Abstract:
An apparatus for probing high frequency electronic devices in wafer form includes a high frequency wafer probe (16, 56) having a conductor (36, 61), a dielectric layer (37, 71, 72), a grounding layer (38, 81, 82, 91), a signal probe needle (39,86), and a pair of ground needles (43, 72, 76) coupled to a substrate (11, 51). A plurality of high frequency wafer probes (16, 56) can be coupled to the substrate (11, 51) to probe high density high frequency electronic devices and to probe high frequency electronic devices having varying bonding pad layouts. The high frequency wafer probe (16, 56) is less sensitive to varying bonding pad height. The apparatus is suitable for probing high frequency electronic devices in a wafer manufacturing environment.
Abstract:
A field emission display (100) includes a cathode plate (110) having a plurality of electron emitters (114), an anode plate (122) having an anode (124) connected to a potential source (126), and an anode voltage pull-down circuit (127) having an input (106) and an output (104). Output (104) is connected to anode (124), and input (106) is connected to potential source (126). Preferably, anode voltage pull-down circuit (127) causes an anode voltage (120) at anode (124) to drop to about ground potential prior to generation of a discharge current by electron emitters (114) for neutralizing positively electrostatically charged surfaces (137, 138) within field emission display (100).
Abstract:
A retrofit energization arrangement especially suitable for an aircraft wherein original factory-placed wiring can be reused in common bus form for plural new loads in order to avoid the expense and hazard of disassembling original wiring bundles for new conductor incorporation. Serviceable wiring possibly earlier retired in place or becoming unneeded from equipment removal can, by way of the invention, be used for plural diverse new loads including loads of disparate operating cycle and current requirements for example, even though energized via a common bus. In the disclosed apparatus both energizing current and load control signals are transmitted via the same electrical bus between control location and load areas of the aircraft where control decoding and energy tap-off occur, the latter by switch mode power supply if needed. Control signals of sinusoidal waveform, minimal electromagnetic and radio frequency interference character and limited existing bus filtering attenuation are disclosed; these may be embodied as the Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) or Continuous Tone Coded Squelch System, CTCSS, frequencies used in the radio communication art. Loads of differing types are disclosed as examples in the described embodiment of the invention; additional loads are feasible. Use of the invention in land vehicles, watercraft and building structures is also contemplated.
Abstract:
A method for forming a housing for an electronic device (510) includes providing a first rigid layer (102, 302) including a curved surface defining a cavity (108, 308). A first adhesive (112, 312) is optionally applied over the curved surface, and an electro-optic module (105, 305) having a flexible substrate and a viewable surface (111, 311), is conformally fitted on the first adhesive (112, 312). A second adhesive (114, 314) is optionally disposed over the electro-optic module (105, 305) and a support structure (122) is optionally placed on the second adhesive (114). The support structure (122) includes an attachment apparatus (126) for mounting electronic circuitry. The first and second adhesives (112, 114) are cured. One of the second adhesive (114) or both the first rigid layer (102, 301) and the first adhesive (112) are transparent for viewing a viewable surface (111, 311) on or coupled to the electro-optic module (105, 305).
Abstract:
A field emission device (100) is provided for reducing power and audible noise during discharging of dielectric surfaces (137, 138). The field emission device (100) comprises an anode (122) and a first substrate (111) including a cathode plate (110) comprising a plurality of active display devices (114) and dielectric surfaces (137, 138). The plurality of active display devices (114) emit electrons (132) to strike the anode during a scanning mode, and emit electrons (135) to strike the dielectric surfaces (137, 138) during a discharge mode. At least one of a plurality of spacers (136) positioned between the anode (122) and the cathode plate (110) comprise a first sense electrode (142) positioned proximate to the anode (122), and a second sense electrode (144) positioned proximate to the cathode plate (110) and spaced apart from the first sense electrode (142). A circuit (222, 224, 226) for sensing a difference in charge between the first and second sense electrodes (142, 144) is coupled to the anode (122) and cathode plate (110) for alternately initiating the scanning mode and the discharge mode in response to the difference in charge reaching a threshold.
Abstract:
A field emission device (100) is provided for reducing power and audible noise during discharging of dielectric surfaces (137, 138). The field emission device (100) comprises an anode (122) and a first substrate (111) including a cathode plate (110) comprising a plurality of active display devices (114) and dielectric surfaces (137, 138). The plurality of active display devices (114) emit electrons (132) to strike the anode during a scanning mode, and emit electrons (135) to strike the dielectric surfaces (137, 138) during a discharge mode. At least one of a plurality of spacers (136) positioned between the anode (122) and the cathode plate (110) comprise a first sense electrode (142) positioned proximate to the anode (122), and a second sense electrode (144) positioned proximate to the cathode plate (110) and spaced apart from the first sense electrode (142). A circuit (222, 224, 226) for sensing a difference in charge between the first and second sense electrodes (142, 144) is coupled to the anode (122) and cathode plate (110) for alternately initiating the scanning mode and the discharge mode in response to the difference in charge reaching a threshold.