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    Ceramic composite thin films
    1.
    发明授权
    Ceramic composite thin films 有权
    陶瓷复合薄膜

    公开(公告)号：US08574681B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-11-05

    申请号：US12152284

    申请日：2008-05-13

    Applicant: Rodney S. Ruoff ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Dmitriy A. Dikin ,  SonBinh T. Nguyen

    Inventor： Rodney S. Ruoff ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Dmitriy A. Dikin ,  SonBinh T. Nguyen

    IPC: B05D3/02

    CPC classification number: C04B35/624 ,  C04B35/14 ,  C04B2235/422 ,  H01L51/442

    Abstract: A ceramic composite thin film or layer includes individual graphene oxide and/or electrically conductive graphene sheets dispersed in a ceramic (e.g. silica) matrix. The thin film or layer can be electrically conductive film or layer depending the amount of graphene sheets present. The composite films or layers are transparent, chemically inert and compatible with both glass and hydrophilic SiOx/silicon substrates. The composite film or layer can be produced by making a suspension of graphene oxide sheet fragments, introducing a silica-precursor or silica to the suspension to form a sol, depositing the sol on a substrate as thin film or layer, at least partially reducing the graphene oxide sheets to conductive graphene sheets, and thermally consolidating the thin film or layer to form a silica matrix in which the graphene oxide and/or graphene sheets are dispersed.

    Abstract translation: 陶瓷复合薄膜或层包括分散在陶瓷（例如二氧化硅）基体中的单独的石墨烯氧化物和/或导电石墨烯薄片。 根据存在的石墨烯片的量，薄膜或层可以是导电膜或层。 复合膜或层是透明的，化学惰性的并且与玻璃和亲水性SiO x /硅衬底兼容。 可以通过制备氧化石墨烯片片段的悬浮液，将二氧化硅前体或二氧化硅引入悬浮液以形成溶胶，将溶胶沉积在基材上作为薄膜或层，来制备复合膜或层，至少部分地减少 氧化石墨烯片与导电石墨烯片，并且热固化该薄膜或层以形成其中分散有氧化石墨烯和/或石墨烯片的二氧化硅基质。

    Consolidated fibrous structure
    3.
    发明授权
    Consolidated fibrous structure 有权
    固结纤维结构

    公开(公告)号：US08119549B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-02-21

    申请号：US12360553

    申请日：2009-01-27

    Applicant: Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran

    Inventor： Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran

    IPC: B32B5/24 ,  D04H3/00

    CPC classification number: B32B5/26 ,  B32B5/022 ,  B32B5/024 ,  B32B5/026 ,  B32B5/08 ,  B32B7/02 ,  B32B27/08 ,  B32B27/12 ,  B32B27/32 ,  B32B2262/0253 ,  B32B2262/0261 ,  B32B2262/0269 ,  B32B2262/101 ,  B32B2262/106 ,  B32B2307/54 ,  Y10T428/249924 ,  Y10T428/269 ,  Y10T428/2929 ,  Y10T428/2933 ,  Y10T428/2938 ,  Y10T442/2008 ,  Y10T442/3049 ,  Y10T442/637 ,  Y10T442/641 ,  Y10T442/651

    Abstract: A consolidated fibrous structure including a multiplicity of fibrous layers. The fibers of each fibrous layer contain a core and a skin layer. The core has an exterior surface portion containing polypropylene. The skin layer is disposed on at least a portion of the core and contains a first polymer and a second polymer. The first polymer contains a polymer having at least 70% α-olefin units and is characterized by a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the exterior surface portion of the core. The second polymer contains a co-polymer having at least 50% α-olefin units and is characterized by a number-average molecular weight of about 7,000 g/mol to 50,000 g/mol, a viscosity of between about 2,500 and 150,000 cP measured at 170° C., and a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the exterior surface portion of the core. The viscosity of the second polymer is not greater than about 10 percent of the viscosity of the first polymer measured at 170° C. At least a portion of the skin layers of the fibers in each fibrous layer are fused to at least a portion of other skin layers of fibers within the same fibrous layer, at least a portion of the skin layers of the fibers of each fibrous layer are fused with at least a portion of the skin layers of the fibers in an adjacent fibrous layer, and the stiffness of the consolidated fibrous structure is at least 1 N-m. A fibrous layer is also described.

    Abstract translation: 包含多个纤维层的固结纤维结构。 每个纤维层的纤维含有核心和皮肤层。 芯具有包含聚丙烯的外表面部分。 表层设置在芯的至少一部分上并含有第一聚合物和第二聚合物。 第一聚合物含有具有至少70％的α-烯烃单元的聚合物，其特征在于熔融温度低于芯的外表面部分的熔融温度。 第二聚合物含有具有至少50％α-烯烃单元的共聚物，其特征在于数均分子量为约7,000g / mol至50,000g / mol，粘度在约2,500至150,000cP之间 170℃，并且熔融温度低于芯的外表面部分的熔融温度。 第二聚合物的粘度不大于在170℃下测量的第一聚合物的粘度的约10％。每个纤维层中纤维的至少一部分表皮层与至少一部分其它纤维层融合 在同一纤维层内的纤维表皮层，每个纤维层的纤维表层的至少一部分与相邻纤维层中的至少一部分纤维的表皮层熔合， 固结的纤维结构至少为1Nm。 还描述了纤维层。

    Method of forming a multi-layered fiber
    6.
    发明授权
    Method of forming a multi-layered fiber 有权
    形成多层纤维的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08133537B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-03-13

    申请号：US13099739

    申请日：2011-05-03

    Applicant: Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran

    Inventor： Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran

    IPC: B05D1/36

    CPC classification number: D01F8/06 ,  B32B5/022 ,  B32B5/024 ,  B32B5/026 ,  B32B5/08 ,  B32B5/26 ,  B32B7/02 ,  B32B27/08 ,  B32B27/12 ,  B32B27/32 ,  B32B2262/0253 ,  B32B2262/0261 ,  B32B2262/0269 ,  B32B2262/101 ,  B32B2262/106 ,  B32B2307/54 ,  D06M15/227 ,  Y10T428/2913 ,  Y10T428/2929 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T428/2976 ,  Y10T428/2978

    Abstract: A method for forming multi-layered fiber including a core, a first layer, and a second layer. The core has an exterior surface portion containing polypropylene. The first layer is applied to at least a portion of the core and contains a first polymer. The first polymer contains a polymer having at least 70% α-olefin units and is characterized by a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the exterior surface portion of the core. The second layer is applied to at least a portion of the first layer and contains a second polymer. The second polymer contains a co-polymer having at least 50% α-olefin units and is characterized by a number-average molecular weight of about 7,000 g/mol to 50,000 g/mol, a viscosity of between about 2,500 and 150,000 cP measured at 170° C., and a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the exterior surface portion of the core. The viscosity of the second polymer is not greater than about 10 percent of the viscosity of the first polymer measured at 170° C.

    Abstract translation: 一种形成包括芯，第一层和第二层的多层纤维的方法。 芯具有包含聚丙烯的外表面部分。 将第一层施加到芯的至少一部分并且包含第一聚合物。 第一聚合物含有具有至少70％的α-烯烃单元的聚合物，其特征在于熔融温度低于芯的外表面部分的熔融温度。 第二层施加到第一层的至少一部分并且包含第二聚合物。 第二聚合物含有具有至少50％α-烯烃单元的共聚物，其特征在于数均分子量为约7,000g / mol至50,000g / mol，粘度在约2,500至150,000cP之间 170℃，并且熔融温度低于芯的外表面部分的熔融温度。 第二聚合物的粘度不大于在170℃下测量的第一聚合物的粘度的约10％

    Method of forming a consolidated fibrous structure
    8.
    发明授权
    Method of forming a consolidated fibrous structure 有权
    形成固结纤维结构的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08029633B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-10-04

    申请号：US12360542

    申请日：2009-01-27

    Applicant: Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran ,  Howell B. Eleazer

    Inventor： Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran ,  Howell B. Eleazer

    IPC: B32B37/00

    CPC classification number: B29C70/10 ,  B29C70/46 ,  B29K2223/00

    Abstract: A method of consolidating thermoplastic fibrous layers by providing a plurality of fibers having a core with an exterior surface portion comprising polypropylene and a first layer disposed on at least a portion of the core containing at least 70% alpha-olefin units which is formed into a first fibrous layer. A second fibrous layer is applied to the first fibrous layer which second layer contains a second polymer being a co-polymer having at least 50% alpha-olefin units which is characterized by a number-average molecular weight of about 7,000 to 50,000 g/mol, a viscosity of between about 2,500 and 150,000 cP measured at 170° C. and a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the exterior surface of the core. Heat and optionally pressure are applied to the assembly to consolidate the layers.

    Abstract translation: 通过提供具有芯的多个纤维来固定热塑性纤维层的方法，所述纤维具有包含聚丙烯的外表面部分，以及设置在所述核心的至少一部分上的第一层，所述第一层包含至少70％的α-烯烃单元，所述α-烯烃单元形成为 第一纤维层。 将第二纤维层施加到第一纤维层，第二层包含第二聚合物，其是具有至少50％的α-烯烃单元的共聚物，其特征在于数均分子量为约7000至50,000g / mol 在170℃下测量的粘度为约2,500至150,000cP，熔点低于芯的外表面的熔融温度。 加热和任选的压力施加到组件以固结层。

    METHOD OF FORMING A MULTI-LAYERED FIBER
    9.
    发明申请
    METHOD OF FORMING A MULTI-LAYERED FIBER 有权
    形成多层纤维的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110206849A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-08-25

    申请号：US13099739

    申请日：2011-05-03

    Applicant: Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran

    Inventor： Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran

    IPC: B05D1/36 ,  B05D3/00 ,  B29C70/00

    CPC classification number: D01F8/06 ,  B32B5/022 ,  B32B5/024 ,  B32B5/026 ,  B32B5/08 ,  B32B5/26 ,  B32B7/02 ,  B32B27/08 ,  B32B27/12 ,  B32B27/32 ,  B32B2262/0253 ,  B32B2262/0261 ,  B32B2262/0269 ,  B32B2262/101 ,  B32B2262/106 ,  B32B2307/54 ,  D06M15/227 ,  Y10T428/2913 ,  Y10T428/2929 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T428/2976 ,  Y10T428/2978

    Abstract: A method for forming multi-layered fiber including a core, a first layer, and a second layer. The core has an exterior surface portion containing polypropylene. The first layer is applied to at least a portion of the core and contains a first polymer. The first polymer contains a polymer having at least 70% α-olefin units and is characterized by a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the exterior surface portion of the core. The second layer is applied to at least a portion of the first layer and contains a second polymer. The second polymer contains a co-polymer having at least 50% α-olefin units and is characterized by a number-average molecular weight of about 7,000 g/mol to 50,000 g/mol, a viscosity of between about 2,500 and 150,000 cP measured at 170° C., and a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the exterior surface portion of the core. The viscosity of the second polymer is not greater than about 10 percent of the viscosity of the first polymer measured at 170° C.

    Abstract translation: 一种形成包括芯，第一层和第二层的多层纤维的方法。 芯具有包含聚丙烯的外表面部分。 将第一层施加到芯的至少一部分并且包含第一聚合物。 第一聚合物含有具有至少70％的α-烯烃单元的聚合物，其特征在于熔融温度低于芯的外表面部分的熔融温度。 第二层施加到第一层的至少一部分并且包含第二聚合物。 第二聚合物含有具有至少50％α-烯烃单元的共聚物，其特征在于数均分子量为约7,000g / mol至50,000g / mol，粘度在约2,500至150,000cP之间 170℃，并且熔融温度低于芯的外表面部分的熔融温度。 第二聚合物的粘度不大于在170℃下测量的第一聚合物的粘度的约10％

    Multi-Layered Fiber
    10.
    发明申请
    Multi-Layered Fiber 有权
    多层光纤

    公开(公告)号：US20100190005A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-07-29

    申请号：US12360596

    申请日：2009-01-27

    Applicant: Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran

    Inventor： Sujith Nair ,  Sasha Stankovich ,  Yunzhang Wang ,  Venkatkrishna Raghavendran

    IPC: D02G3/02 ,  B05D7/00

    CPC classification number: D01F8/06 ,  B32B5/022 ,  B32B5/024 ,  B32B5/026 ,  B32B5/08 ,  B32B5/26 ,  B32B7/02 ,  B32B27/08 ,  B32B27/12 ,  B32B27/32 ,  B32B2262/0253 ,  B32B2262/0261 ,  B32B2262/0269 ,  B32B2262/101 ,  B32B2262/106 ,  B32B2307/54 ,  D06M15/227 ,  Y10T428/2913 ,  Y10T428/2929 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T428/2976 ,  Y10T428/2978

    Abstract: A multi-layered fiber including a core, a first layer, and a second layer. The core has an exterior surface portion containing polypropylene. The first layer is disposed on at least a portion of the core and contains a first polymer. The first polymer contains a polymer having at least 70% α-olefin units and is characterized by a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the exterior surface portion of the core. The second layer is disposed on at least a portion of the first layer and contains a second polymer. The second polymer contains a co-polymer having at least 50% α-olefin units and is characterized by a number-average molecular weight of about 7,000 g/mol to 50,000 g/mol, a viscosity of between about 2,500 and 150,000 cP measured at 170° C., and a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the exterior surface portion of the core. The viscosity of the second polymer is not greater than about 10 percent of the viscosity of the first polymer measured at 170° C. Methods of forming the multi-layered fiber are also disclosed.

    Abstract translation: 一种多层纤维，包括芯，第一层和第二层。 芯具有包含聚丙烯的外表面部分。 第一层设置在芯的至少一部分上并且包含第一聚合物。 第一聚合物含有具有至少70％的α-烯烃单元的聚合物，其特征在于熔融温度低于芯的外表面部分的熔融温度。 第二层设置在第一层的至少一部分上并且包含第二聚合物。 第二聚合物含有具有至少50％α-烯烃单元的共聚物，其特征在于数均分子量为约7,000g / mol至50,000g / mol，粘度在约2,500至150,000cP之间 170℃，并且熔融温度低于芯的外表面部分的熔融温度。 第二聚合物的粘度不高于在170℃下测量的第一聚合物的粘度的约10％。还公开了形成多层纤维的方法。

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