摘要:
A method for generating radiation includes supplying a fuel to a discharge space, creating a discharge in the fuel to form a plasma, and reducing a volume defined by the plasma by controlling radiation emission by the plasma. The reducing includes supplying a substance including at least one of Ga, In, Bi, Pb or Al to the plasma to control the radiation emission.
摘要:
A radiation source is constructed and arranged to produce extreme ultraviolet radiation. The radiation source includes a chamber, a first electrode at least partially contained in the chamber, a second electrode at least partially contained in the chamber, and a supply constructed and arranged to provide a discharge gas to the chamber. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to create a discharge in the discharge gas to form a plasma so as to generate the extreme ultraviolet radiation. The source also includes a gas supply constructed and arranged to provide a gas at a partial pressure between about 1 Pa and about 10 Pa at a location near the discharge. The gas is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, helium, and a mixture of hydrogen and helium.
摘要:
A source configured to generate radiation for a lithographic apparatus is disclosed. The source includes an anode, and a cathode. The cathode and the anode are configured to create a discharge in a fuel in a discharge space between the anode and the cathode so as to generate a plasma, the cathode and the anode positioned relative to each other so that, in use, current lines extending between the anode and the cathode are substantially curved so as to create a force that substantially radially compresses the plasma only in a region proximate an upper surface of the cathode or of the anode.
摘要:
An apparatus for forming a beam of electromagnetic radiation includes a plasma radiation source, and a foil trap provided with a plurality of thin foils that extend substantially parallel to the direction of radiation from the plasma source. A grid is disposed between the plasma radiation source and the foil trap. A space is located between the grid and the foil trap. The apparatus also include an electrical potential application circuit that is constructed and arranged to apply an electrical potential to the grid so that the grid repels electrons emitted by the plasma radiation source and creates a positive space charge between the grid and the foil trap to deflect ions emitted by the plasma radiation source to the foil trap.
摘要:
A lithographic system includes a source configured to generate a radiation, the source including a cathode and an anode, the cathode and the anode configured to create a discharge in a fuel located in a discharge space so as to generate a plasma, the discharge space including, in use, a substance configured to adjust radiation emission by the plasma so as to control a volume defined by the plasma; a pattern support configured to hold a patterning device, the patterning device configured to pattern the radiation to form a patterned beam of radiation; a substrate support configured to support a substrate; and a projection system configured to project the patterned beam of radiation onto the substrate.
摘要:
A lithographic apparatus includes an illumination system configured to condition a beam of radiation, and a support structure configured to support a patterning device. The patterning device is configured to impart a pattern to the beam of radiation. The apparatus includes a patterning device cleaning system configured to provide an electrostatic force to contaminant particles that are on the patterning device and that are electrically charged by the beam of radiation, in order to remove the contaminant particles from the patterning device.
摘要:
A lithographic system includes a source configured to generate a radiation, the source including a cathode and an anode, the cathode and the anode configured to create a discharge in a fuel located in a discharge space so as to generate a plasma, the discharge space including, in use, a substance configured to adjust radiation emission by the plasma so as to control a volume defined by the plasma; a pattern support configured to hold a patterning device, the patterning device configured to pattern the radiation to form a patterned beam of radiation; a substrate support configured to support a substrate; and a projection system configured to project the patterned beam of radiation onto the substrate.
摘要:
An assembly is provided for blocking a beam of radiation. The assembly has a pipe arranged to transmit at least part of the beam of radiation. The pipe has an inner surface provided with an ablation material and encloses a volume. The assembly further has an ablation generation device. The ablation generation device is arranged to ablate at least a portion of the ablation material upon reception of a blocking signal. The assembly has a control unit, which is arranged to control the ablation generation device.
摘要:
Invention provides extending the functional possibilities of a light source with laser pumping due to increasing its spatial and energy stability brightness and the reliability under long-term operation whilst ensuring compactness of the device. The result is achieved due to the fact that a focused laser beam is directed into a region of radiating plasma from the bottom upwards: from the lower wall of a chamber to an upper wall of the chamber which is opposite said lower wall, and the region of radiating plasma is arranged close to the upper wall of the chamber. In embodiments of the invention, the focused laser beam is directed along a vertical axis of symmetry of the walls of the chamber, the region of radiating plasma is produced at an optimally small distance away from the upper wall of the chamber and determined radiation power is maintained via an automated control system.
摘要:
A discharge produced plasma radiation source includes a laser beam pulse generator configured to provide a laser beam pulse to trigger a pinch in a plasma of the discharge produced plasma radiation source. The laser beam pulse generator is arranged to provide a laser beam pulse having an energy greater than an optimum laser beam pulse energy that corresponds to a maximum output of a given wavelength of radiation for a given discharge energy.