公开(公告)号：US4563976A

公开(公告)日：1986-01-14

申请号：US512733

申请日：1983-07-11

Applicant: Helmut Foell ,  Josef Grabmaier ,  Richard Falckenberg

Inventor： Helmut Foell ,  Josef Grabmaier ,  Richard Falckenberg

IPC: C30B15/06 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B29/06 ,  B05C3/15 ,  B05C11/02

CPC classification number: C30B15/007 ,  Y10S117/903 ,  Y10T117/1048 ,  Y10T117/1056

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, tape-shaped silicon bodies for solar cells are formed by continuous coating of a carrier body having a mesh structure. A melt bath receives the silicon melt and has a floor part with capillary openings therein for supplying the melt, the capillary openings leading perpendicularly toward the exterior of the vat and proceeding parallel to one another, and wherein a channel for the guidance of the carrier body proceeding in a horizontal direction is disposed below the melt vat in the region of the capillary openings. The guide channel for the carrier body can also be disposed above a body with capillaries proceeding parallel in a vertical direction, the body being partially immersed in the vat containing the silicon melt for the purpose of supplying the melt via the capillaries. The devices enable continuous tape drawing from a silicon melt wherein convection currents are avoided in the melt.

Abstract translation: 在一个示例性实施例中，用于太阳能电池的带状硅体通过具有网状结构的载体主体的连续涂覆而形成。 熔体槽容纳硅熔体并且具有用于供应熔体的毛细管开口的底部部件，毛细管开口垂直朝向槽的外部引导并且彼此平行地延伸，并且其中用于引导载体主体的通道 沿着水平方向延伸设置在毛细管开口区域内的熔体槽的下方。 用于承载体的引导通道也可以设置在主体上方，毛细管沿垂直方向平行地延伸，该主体部分地浸入含有硅熔体的槽中，以便通过毛细管供应熔体。 这些装置能够从硅熔体连续地进行拉制，其中在熔体中避免对流。

公开(公告)号：US4305776A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-15

申请号：US092637

申请日：1979-11-08

Applicant: Josef Grabmaier

Inventor： Josef Grabmaier

IPC: C30B11/00 ,  C30B11/14 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B15/06 ,  C30B15/36 ,  C30B29/06 ,  H01L21/208 ,  C30B29/00 ,  C30B19/12

CPC classification number: C30B15/002 ,  C30B11/001 ,  C30B11/14 ,  C30B15/007 ,  C30B15/06 ,  C30B15/36 ,  Y10S117/90

Abstract: Si-crystals with columnar structures are produced by contacting a silicon melt with a melt-resistant carrier body having periodically spaced crystallization-seed centers on a surface thereof facing the melt, establishing a controlled temperature gradient at the interface between the carrier body surface and the melt so that crystallization of the melt onto the seed centers occurs and then removing the body with the adhering crystal layer from the melt. In a preferred embodiment, an elongated traveling web having a select hole pattern therein functioning as the seed centers, is utilized as a carrier body.

Abstract translation: 具有柱状结构的Si晶体通过使硅熔体与其面向熔体的表面上具有周期性间隔开的结晶种子中心的耐熔体载体相接触来制造，在承载体表面和 熔化，使得熔体在种子中心的结晶发生，然后用熔体附着的晶体层去除体。 在优选实施例中，用作其种子中心的具有选择孔图案的细长行进网被用作承载体。

公开(公告)号：US4141710A

公开(公告)日：1979-02-27

申请号：US815911

申请日：1977-07-15

Applicant: Hubert Aulich ,  Hans Pink ,  Josef Grabmaier

Inventor： Hubert Aulich ,  Hans Pink ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC: C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/016 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B37/03 ,  C03C25/10 ,  G02B6/00 ,  C03C25/02

CPC classification number: C03B37/016 ,  C03B37/02736 ,  C03B37/032 ,  C03C25/106

Abstract: A method of producing a light conducting fiber comprises the steps of providing a base member of an optical material such as glass or a synthetic glass-like material, depositing at least one optical material forming layer such as a glass forming layer or a synthetic glass-like material forming layer from a liquid phase on a surface of the base member and subsequently transforming each of the layers into a film of optical material such as a glass film or a synthetic glass-like film. The base member may be a glass tube and the optical material forming layers may be deposited on an interior surface and after the layers have been transformed into a film, the tube is collapsed into a rod and then subsequently drawn into a cladded light conducting fiber. In one embodiment of the invention, the base member is a rod and the layers are deposited on a surface of the rod which is subsequently drawn into a cladded light conducting fiber. In yet another embodiment of the invention, the base member is provided by drawing a core of an optical fiber and the method includes depositing the optical material forming layers on the core so that as the layers are transformed into the film of optical material, a cladded light conducting fiber will be produced.

Abstract translation: 制造导光纤维的方法包括以下步骤：提供诸如玻璃或合成玻璃状材料的光学材料的基底，沉积至少一种光学材料形成层，例如玻璃形成层或合成玻璃 - 并且随后将各层转化为诸如玻璃膜或合成玻璃状膜的光学材料的膜。 基底构件可以是玻璃管，并且光学材料形成层可以沉积在内表面上，并且在层已经变成膜之后，管被折叠成棒，然后被拉入包覆的导光纤维中。 在本发明的一个实施例中，基部构件是杆，并且这些层沉积在杆的表面上，随后将其拉制成包覆的导光纤维。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，通过拉制光纤的芯来提供基底构件，该方法包括在芯上沉积光学材料形成层，使得当层被转变成光学材料的膜时， 将生产光导纤维。

公开(公告)号：US4913199A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-03

申请号：US288855

申请日：1988-12-23

Applicant: Richard Falckenberg ,  Gerhard Hoyler ,  Bernhard Freienstein ,  Josef Grabmaier

Inventor： Richard Falckenberg ,  Gerhard Hoyler ,  Bernhard Freienstein ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC: H01L21/208 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B15/06 ,  C30B15/10 ,  C30B29/06

CPC classification number: C30B29/06 ,  C30B15/007 ,  C30B15/10 ,  Y10T117/1048

Abstract: A method and device for the complete emptying of flat quartz tanks or crucibles filled with silicon melt is provided. The apparatus includes an open outlet nozzle located in a floor of the tank and a tube-shaped, rod-shaped, or channel-shaped member composed of a material that is well-wettable by silicon melt that is brought into contact with the outlet nozzle after the conclusion of the drawing process. The member is in fluid communication with a collecting vessel. The outlet nozzle is so constructed and arranged that the silicon melt adjacent at the nozzle aperture is prevented from running out during the band drawing due to the curvature pressure of its downwardly, convexly arced surface. The apparatus can be used in continuous, horizontal band-drawing of silicon for solar cells.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于完全排空填充硅熔体的平坦石英罐或坩埚的方法和装置。 该装置包括位于罐底部的开放式出口喷嘴和管状的棒状或通道状构件，其由可与硅熔体良好润湿的材料组成，该材料与出口喷嘴相接触 在绘图过程结束之后。 该构件与收集容器流体连通。 出口喷嘴的构造和布置使得由于其向下凸出的弧形表面的曲率压力，在带拉伸期间防止在喷嘴孔处相邻的硅熔体流出。 该装置可用于太阳能电池的硅的连续，水平带状拉伸。

公开(公告)号：US4657603A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-14

申请号：US778487

申请日：1985-09-20

Applicant: Wolfgang Kruehler ,  Josef Grabmaier

Inventor： Wolfgang Kruehler ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC: H01L31/04 ,  C30B25/18 ,  H01L21/20 ,  H01L21/205 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/18

CPC classification number: H01L31/0304 ,  C30B25/18 ,  H01L21/02381 ,  H01L21/02422 ,  H01L21/02439 ,  H01L21/02463 ,  H01L21/02516 ,  H01L21/02546 ,  H01L21/0262 ,  H01L21/02675 ,  H01L21/02689 ,  H01L31/1844 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  Y10S148/048 ,  Y10S148/056 ,  Y10S148/09 ,  Y10S438/933

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of gallium arsenide thin film solar cells on inexpensive substrate material whereby an intermediate layer of highly doped, amorphous germanium is employed in order to promote the growth of the gallium arsenide layers. A high-energy radiation is directed to specific, prescribed points on the highly doped, amorphous germanium layer thereby generating centers having a defined crystal orientation, so that the epitaxial layer spreads laterally from these centers in a surface-covering fashion during the epitaxial vapor phase deposition. The solar cells produced by designational grain growth can be manufactured with high purity in a simple way and have an efficiency (greater than 20%) comparable to known mono-crystalline solar cells.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在便宜的衬底材料上制造砷化镓薄膜太阳能电池的方法，由此使用高掺杂的无定形锗的中间层，以促进砷化镓层的生长。 高能量辐射被引导到高掺杂的非晶锗层上的特定的规定点，从而产生具有限定的晶体取向的中心，使得外延层在外延气相期间以表面覆盖的方式从这些中心侧向扩展 沉积 通过指定晶粒生长生产的太阳能电池可以以简单的方式制造出高纯度，并具有与已知的单晶太阳能电池相当的效率（大于20％）。

公开(公告)号：US4533428A

公开(公告)日：1985-08-06

申请号：US512732

申请日：1983-07-11

Applicant: Josef Grabmaier ,  Richard Falckenberg ,  Helmut Foll

Inventor： Josef Grabmaier ,  Richard Falckenberg ,  Helmut Foll

IPC: C30B15/34 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B29/06 ,  H01L21/208

CPC classification number: C30B15/007

Abstract: A method for continuously manufacturing silicon tapes which are predominantly coated on one side of the carrier, for solar cells. In an exemplary embodiment, a carrier body consisting of a graphite network is conducted vertically upwards through a guide channel situated in the floor of a silicon melt bath and travels through a crystallization region where the molten silicon crystallizes on the carrier body. The surfaces of the guide channel at each side of the carrier path in the vicinity of the crystallization region are wetted by the molten silicon and have different dimensions in a direction at right angles to the carrier path. As a result of the differential in surface tension forces at the two sides of the path, a meniscus is formed which is asymmetrical relative to the channel opening thereby causing asymmetrical coating of the carrier body.

Abstract translation: 用于连续制造主要涂覆在载体的一侧上的太阳能电池的硅带的方法。 在一个示例性实施例中，由石墨网络组成的载体主体通过位于硅熔体浴底部的引导通道垂直向上传导，并且穿过熔融硅在载体上结晶的结晶区域。 在结晶区域附近的载体路径的每一侧的引导通道的表面被熔融硅润湿，并且在与载体路径成直角的方向上具有不同的尺寸。 由于路径两侧表面张力的差异，形成了相对于通道开口不对称的弯液面，从而导致载体主体的不对称涂层。

公开(公告)号：US4131447A

公开(公告)日：1978-12-26

申请号：US761267

申请日：1977-01-21

Applicant: Hubert Aulich ,  Josef Grabmaier

Inventor： Hubert Aulich ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC: C03B37/023 ,  C03B5/26 ,  C03B37/00

CPC classification number: C03B37/023 ,  C03B2203/10 ,  C03B2203/12 ,  C03B2203/14

Abstract: A method for the production of single-material light-guiding fibers which have a core supported in a glass sheath in a cantilever manner by glass webs characterized by providing a crucible having an exit nozzle with an opening having a configuration of the cross section of the light-guiding fiber with a core portion connected by web portions to a surrounding annular portion, providing molten material of the light-guiding fiber in the crucible, drawing the molten material from the crucible through the exit nozzle to form a continuous integral workpiece having a core portion supported in a glass sheath in a cantilever manner by integral glass webs and continuously drawing the integral workpiece into the single-material light-guiding fiber. The crucible is formed by a pair of hollow bodies supported in an outer cylindrical member in a cantilever manner so that the cylindrical member and the pair of hollow bodies form the exit nozzle with the desired configuration.

Abstract translation: 一种用于生产单材料导光纤维的方法，其具有以悬臂方式由玻璃纤维网支撑在玻璃护套中的芯，其特征在于提供具有出口喷嘴的坩埚，所述出口具有开口，所述开口具有截面形状 导光纤维，其芯部通过腹板部分连接到周围的环形部分，将导光纤维的熔融材料提供在坩埚中，通过出口喷嘴从坩埚中抽出熔融材料，形成具有 芯部通过一体的玻璃腹板以悬臂方式支撑在玻璃护套中，并将整体工件连续地拉入单材料光导纤维中。 该坩埚由悬臂式支撑在外圆柱形构件中的一对中空体形成，使得圆柱形构件和一对中空体以期望的构造形成出口喷嘴。

公开(公告)号：US5125984A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-30

申请号：US660400

申请日：1991-02-25

Applicant: Wolfgang Kruehler ,  Josef Grabmaier

Inventor： Wolfgang Kruehler ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC: H01L31/04 ,  H01L31/0216 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H01L31/032 ,  H01L31/062

CPC classification number: H01L31/022425 ,  H01L31/02168 ,  H01L31/0322 ,  H01L31/062 ,  Y02E10/541

Abstract: A new solar cell of a I-III-VI.sub.2 semiconductor material that has an inversion layer is provided. The cell comprises a substrate having an electrically conductive, first electrode, a p-conductive, polycrystalline semiconductor layer of chalcopyrite material, a barrier layer composed of an electrically non-conductive material, a second electrode, and an antireflection layer. The anti-reflection layer has stationary, positive charges that induce a negatively charged inversion layer in the boundary surface region of the semiconductor layer relative to the barrier layer. The negatively charged inversion layer serves as an emitter for a space charge zone. In an embodiment the invention comprises a semiconductor layer of copper-indium-diselenide or copper-gallium-diselenide, a barrier layer of silicon dioxide, an anti-reflection layer of silicon nitride, and cesium chloride as the stationary charges.

Abstract translation: 提供具有反转层的I-III-VI2半导体材料的新型太阳能电池。 电池包括具有导电的第一电极，黄铜矿材料的p导电多晶半导体层，由不导电材料构成的阻挡层，第二电极和抗反射层的衬底。 抗反射层具有固定的正电荷，其在半导体层相对于阻挡层的边界表面区域中引起带负电的反转层。 带负电的反转层用作空间电荷区的发射极。 在一个实施方案中，本发明包括二硒化铜铟或二硒化铜铜的半导体层，二氧化硅的阻挡层，氮化硅的抗反射层和作为固定电荷的氯化铯。

公开(公告)号：US4642129A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-10

申请号：US759233

申请日：1985-07-26

Applicant: Nikolaos Douklias ,  Josef Grabmaier

Inventor： Nikolaos Douklias ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC: C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/012 ,  G02B6/00 ,  C03B37/025

CPC classification number: C03B37/01294 ,  C03B37/0128 ,  C03B37/01291 ,  C03B2201/10 ,  C03B2201/28 ,  C03B2201/31 ,  C03B2201/42

Abstract: An improved method of forming porous glass preforms by generating glass particles from a vapor phase and applying the particles onto a substrate characterized by generating the glass particles from a vapor phase in a separate operation, collecting the particles and then subsequently applying the previously collected particles onto a deposition surface of the substrate by creating a hot zone adjacent the deposition surface and projecting the particles as a stream through the hot zone and onto the deposition surface.

Abstract translation: 通过从气相产生玻璃颗粒并将颗粒施加到基材上，其特征在于在单独的操作中从气相产生玻璃颗粒，收集颗粒，然后将先前收集的颗粒应用到 通过产生邻近沉积表面的热区并将颗粒作为流穿过热区投射到沉积表面上，从而沉积基底的沉积表面。

公开(公告)号：US4599245A

公开(公告)日：1986-07-08

申请号：US649311

申请日：1984-09-11

Applicant: Richard Falckenberg ,  Christa Grabmaier ,  Josef Grabmaier

Inventor： Richard Falckenberg ,  Christa Grabmaier ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC: C30B13/06 ,  C30B11/00 ,  C30B11/14 ,  C30B13/08 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B29/06 ,  C30B29/64 ,  H01L31/04 ,  B05D3/02 ,  B05D5/12 ,  H01L31/00

CPC classification number: C30B15/007 ,  C30B11/002 ,  C30B11/14 ,  C30B13/08 ,  Y10S117/90 ,  Y10S117/914 ,  Y10S117/915

Abstract: Starting plate-like silicon bodies matched to the dimensions desired in a product silicon crystal bodies are melted and then crystallized on a horizontal carrier member having a net structure using a heater arrangement. The carrier member is substantially not wettable by molten silicon and preferably consists of a quartz glass fiber fabric and is removable after the crystallization. The method is useful for the manufacture of silicon for solar cells and prevents contaminants from the carrier member from being incorporated into the product silicon crystal body and thereby deteriorating the electrical properties of the solar cells.

Abstract translation: 与产品硅晶体中所需的尺寸匹配的起始板状硅体熔化，然后使用加热器装置在具有网状结构的水平载体构件上结晶。 载体构件基本上不被熔融的硅润湿，并且优选由石英玻璃纤维织物组成，并且可以在结晶之后被去除。 该方法对于太阳能电池用硅的制造是有用的，并且防止载体成分中的污染物掺入产品硅晶体中，从而降低太阳能电池的电性能。