Abstract:
A process for preparing parenteral iron-saccharidic complexes, and the complexes produced, comprising: (1) providing an aqueous solution or dispersion including (i) Fe(III) and (OH)− ions and (ii) at least one saccharide, to form a reaction mixture, where the molar ratio of (i):(ii) is about 30:1 to about 1:30; and the mixture temperature and pH are at or above the complex assembly point (CAP); and (2) maintaining temperature and pH at or above the CAP for a time sufficient to form an iron-saccharidic complex having a molecular weight of about 25,000 Daltons or more. Control of the temperature and pH efficiently produces a high molecular weight complex. The complex can be separated by precipitation, dialysis and/or column fractionation and, if desired, dried, e.g., lyophilized or spray dried. The process can controllably synthesize complexes of varying molecular weight and/or chemical composition, particularly sodium ferric gluconate and ferric hydroxide-sucrose.
Abstract:
A wireless code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system, including a base station (BS) and a subscriber unit (SU), uses adaptive forward power control (AFPC) and adaptive reverse power control (ARPC) to control the transmit power of forward and reverse link radio frequency (RF) channel signals, respectively. Automatic gain control (AGC) signals are produced to maintain the level of forward and reverse CDMA signals at a near constant level. The CDMA signals are despread to produce first and second despread signals. The first and second despread signals are used to produce a first error signal e1. A second error signal e2 is produced based on the AGC signals. Combined error signals are formed based on the first error signal e1 and the second error signal e2. The combined error signals are hard limited to form adaptive power control (APC) bits used to control the level of the forward and reverse link RF channel signals.
Abstract:
A container holder for an automotive vehicle includes a relief space configured within an exterior portion of a load-carrying automotive structure, such as a pickup truck box rail, and a generally cup-shaped insert extending within the relief space and supported by the load-carrying structure. Because the present container holder is mounted externally in the vehicle, it is readily accessible to personnel outside the vehicle's passenger compartment, such as people working on the ground around a vehicle.
Abstract:
A system and method are provided for controlling bandwidth allocation in a wireless local area network (wLAN). The method comprises: expressing device bandwidth allocations in terms of a time base; in response to expressing the bandwidth allocation in terms of a time base, monitoring network communications; and, measuring the allocated bandwidths. The method may further comprise: establishing polling schedules in response to expressing the bandwidth allocation in terms of a time base; and, de-energizing devices in response to the polling schedules. Expressing device bandwidth allocations in terms of a time base includes establishing: an inter-transmission opportunity (TXOP) interval; and, a TXOP jitter. These fields are supplied in the IEEE 802.11e transmit specification (TSPEC). Then, de-energizing devices in response to the polling schedule includes disengaging transmission and receiving functions in the minimum TXOP intervals between polling events, where the minimum TXOP interval is the inter-TXOP interval minus the TXOP jitter.
Abstract:
A system and method are provided for maintaining a hybrid coordinator (HC) in a wireless communications local area network (LAN). The method comprises: a station (STA) seeking a guaranteed quality of service (QoS); establishing a basic service set (BSS) through association with an access point (AP); the AP selecting a HC from STAs in the BSS; the AP broadcasting the HC information to STAs in the BSS; and, the STA initiating a transmission specification (TSPEC) with the HC. In one aspect, selecting an HC from STAs in the first BSS includes integrating the HC function into the AP. Then, a STA seeking a guaranteed quality of service (QoS): receives a broadcast message including a list of potential APs; and, communicates with an AP from the broadcast list. If the STA is unable to communicate with an established AP, then it instantiates a BSS with itself as the AP.
Abstract:
A method for recovering data transmitted over a plurality of channels employing wireless code division multiple access communication, comprises receiving the plurality of channels as a received signal, each channel associated with a code. Others from the plurality of channels from the received signal is subtracted for each for each of the plurality of channels and a result a result of that subtracting as data for that channel is despread. That channel despread signal is respread with a respective channel code, wherein the respreading channel code is aligned to a timing of the despread received signal.
Abstract:
A plurality of code division multiple access (CDMA) channel signals are received as a received signal. The received signal is despread using a code of a first channel of the plurality of CDMA channel signals to produce estimates of the first channel. The estimates of the first channel are respread using the code of the first channel. The respread estimates of the first channel are subtracted from the received signal to produce a subtracted signal. The subtracted signal is despread using a code of a second channel of the plurality of CDMA channel signals to produce estimates of the second channel.
Abstract:
A multiple access, spread-spectrum communication system processes a plurality of information signals received by a Radio Carrier Station (RCS) over telecommunication lines for simultaneous transmission over a radio frequency (RF) channel as a code-division-multiplexed (CDM) signal to a group of Subscriber Units (SUs). The RCS receives a call request signal that corresponds to a telecommunication line information signal, and a user identification signal that identifies a user to receive the call. The RCS includes a plurality of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) modems, one of which provides a global pilot code signal. The modems provide message code signals synchronized to the global pilot signal. Each modem combines an information signal with a message code signal to provide a CDM processed signal. The RCS includes a system channel controller is coupled to receive a remote call. An RF transmitter is connected to all of the modems to combine the CDM processed signals with the global pilot code signal to generate a CDM signal. The RF transmitter also modulates a carrier signal with the CDM signal and transmits the modulated carrier signal through an RF communication channel to the SUs. Each SU includes a CDMA modem which is also synchronized to the global pilot signal. The CDMA modem despreads the CDM signal and provides a despread information signal to the user. The system includes a closed loop power control system for maintaining a minimum system transmit power level for the RCS and the SUs, and system capacity management for maintaining a maximum number of active SUs for improved system performance.
Abstract:
A spread-spectrum code division multiple access interference cancellation method employed by a remote terminal reduces interference in a direct sequence CDMA receiver having N chip-code channels. The interference canceller despreads the spread-spectrum CDMA signal as a plurality of despread signals, respectively. A timed version of the plurality of chip-code signals, spread-spectrum processes the plurality of despread signals, respectively, with a chip-code-signal corresponding to a respective despread signal. For recovering a code channel using an ith chip-code-signal, subtracting circuits subtract from the spread-spectrum CDMA signal, each of the N−1 spread-spectrum-processed-despread signals thereby generating a subtracted signal. The N−1 spread-spectrum-processed-despread signals do not include the spread-spectrum-processed-despread signal of the ith channel of the spread-spectrum CDMA signal. The channel correlator or channel-matched filter despreads the subtracted signal.
Abstract:
A code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system employing spread-spectrum modulation. The CDMA system has a base station (BS), and a plurality of subscriber units (SUs). The signals transmitted between the BS and SU use spread-spectrum modulation. The improvement method for maintaining control of power from an SU to a BS comprises sending from the subscriber unit, using spread-spectrum modulation, a SU-spreading code, and detecting, at the BS, the SU-spreading code from the SU. In response to detecting the SU-spreading code at the BS, a BS-spreading code is sent to the SU, using spread-spectrum modulation. At the SU, if the BS-spreading code is detected, then transmit power of the SU is reduced. If the BS-spreading code is not detected at the SU, then transmit power of the SU is increased.