Measurement of printed circuit-to-conductive substrate contact resistance
    1.
    发明授权
    Measurement of printed circuit-to-conductive substrate contact resistance 失效
    印刷电路对导电基板接触电阻的测量

    公开(公告)号:US06323661B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-11-27

    申请号:US09562151

    申请日:2000-05-01

    IPC分类号: G01N2704

    摘要: To determine electrical resistance of an ohmic contact between a flexible printed circuit and a metallized layer upon a substrate of piezoelectric material, the printed circuit is provided with two exposed metal pads, in close proximity to each other, and two electrical leads from each pad to locations on the printed circuit that are accessible for probing with a four-lead resistance meter. For measurement of contact resistance in process development and process capability studies, many sets of such pads, of a variety of sizes, may be combined into a single printed circuit. For in-process monitoring of transducer manufacturing, a small number of contact resistance measurement pads may be designed into production printed circuits.

    摘要翻译: 为了确定柔性印刷电路和压电材料的基底之间的金属化层之间的欧姆接触的电阻,印刷电路设置有两个彼此靠近的暴露的金属焊盘,以及两个电引线从每个焊盘到 印刷电路上可以使用四引线电阻表进行探测的位置。 为了测量过程开发和工艺能力研究中的接触电阻,许多尺寸的这种焊盘可以组合成单个印刷电路。 对于传感器制造的过程中监控,可将少量接触电阻​​测量垫设计成生产印刷电路。

    Metal hydride addition for reducing corrosion potential of structural
steel
    2.
    发明授权
    Metal hydride addition for reducing corrosion potential of structural steel 失效
    金属氢化物添加用于降低结构钢的腐蚀电位

    公开(公告)号:US06024805A

    公开(公告)日:2000-02-15

    申请号:US968970

    申请日:1997-11-12

    摘要: A method for reducing the corrosion potential of steel vessels and piping used in nuclear reactors, in particular steel vessels and piping carrying high temperature water and/or steam which has a concentration of oxygen therein. A metal hydride is added to the water, the hydrogen of such metal hydride combining with oxidizing agents, typically oxygen, present in the water to reduce the concentration of such oxidizing agents. In the preferred embodiment the metal of the metal hydride is a metal that is capable of reacting with oxygen to form a substantially non-water soluble and substantially electrically insulating compound on the surface of the steel, and in particular is one that may react with and become deposited or incorporated into a pre-existing thin oxide film layer on the surface of the steel to thereby render such thin oxide layer substantially non-electrically conducting.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于降低核反应堆,特别是含有其中具有氧浓度的高温水和/或蒸汽的钢容器和管道的钢管和管道的腐蚀电位的方法。 将金属氢化物加入到水中,这种金属氢化物的氢与存在于水中的氧化剂(通常为氧)结合,以降低这种氧化剂的浓度。 在优选的实施方案中,金属氢化物的金属是能够与氧反应以在钢的表面上形成基本上非水溶性且基本上电绝缘的化合物的金属,特别是可与 变得沉积或并入到钢表面上的预先存在的薄氧化膜层中,从而使这种薄氧化层基本上不导电。

    Catalytic hydrogen peroxide decomposer in water-cooled reactors

    公开(公告)号:US06415010B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-07-02

    申请号:US09855079

    申请日:2001-05-15

    IPC分类号: G21C900

    摘要: A metal cooling tube of a water-cooled nuclear reactor, having an inner surface thereof exposed to an aqueous cooling medium containing hydrogen peroxide. The cooling tube has its inner surface coated with matter selected from the group consisting of the element manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, cadmium for absorbing such hydrogen peroxide and then affecting decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide in the aqueous medium. In preferred embodiment such coating is manganese and oxides thereof. A method for lowering the electrochemical corrosion potential of a metal allow cooling tube exposed to an aqueous medium in a water-cooled nuclear reactor is also disclosed. Such method comprises the step of coating an inner surface of such tube with matter selected from the group of elements comprising manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, cadmium, so as to permit absorption and hydrogen peroxide in such aqueous medium and effect decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in such aqueous medium.

    Catalytic hydrogen peroxide decomposer in water-cooled reactors
    7.
    发明授权
    Catalytic hydrogen peroxide decomposer in water-cooled reactors 有权
    水冷反应器中催化过氧化氢分解器

    公开(公告)号:US06259758B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-07-10

    申请号:US09259645

    申请日:1999-02-26

    IPC分类号: G21C900

    CPC分类号: G21C17/0225 G21Y2002/103

    摘要: A metal cooling tube of a water-cooled nuclear reactor, having an inner surface thereof exposed to an aqueous cooling medium containing hydrogen peroxide. The cooling tube has its inner surface coated with matter selected from the group consisting of the element manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, cadmium for absorbing such hydrogen peroxide and then affecting decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide in the aqueous medium. In preferred embodiment such coating is manganese and oxides thereof. A method for lowering the electrochemical corrosion potential of a metal allow cooling tube exposed to an aqueous medium in a water-cooled nuclear reactor is also disclosed. Such method comprises the step of coating an inner surface of such tube with matter selected from the group of elements comprising manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, cadmium, so as to permit absorption and hydrogen peroxide in such aqueous medium and effect decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in such aqueous medium.

    摘要翻译: 水冷核反应堆的金属冷却管,其内表面暴露于含有过氧化氢的含水冷却介质中。 冷却管的内表面涂有选自元素锰,钼,锌,铜,镉的物质,用于吸收这种过氧化氢,然后影响水介质中过氧化氢的分解。 在优选的实施方案中,这种涂层是锰及其氧化物。 还公开了一种用于降低金属的电化学腐蚀电位的方法,允许在水冷核反应堆中暴露于水性介质的冷却管。 这种方法包括用选自锰,钼,锌,铜,镉的元素组的物质涂覆这种管的内表面的步骤,以便允许在这种水性介质中吸收和过氧化氢并且实现过氧化氢的分解 在这种水性介质中。