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1.发明授权Noble metal doping or coating of crack interior for stress corrosion cracking protection of metals 失效贵金属掺杂或涂层裂纹内部应力腐蚀开裂保护金属
公开(公告)号：US5805653A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US729020
申请日：1996-10-10
IPC分类号： G21D1/00 , B01J37/03 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , C23F15/00 , G01N17/02 , G21C3/07 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21D3/08 , G21C9/00
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , B01J37/031 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , C23F15/00 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C3/07 , G21C17/022 , G21Y2002/102 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/204 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/40 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A method for mitigating crack growth on the surface of stainless steel or other metal components in a water-cooled nuclear reactor. A compound containing a noble metal, e.g., palladium, is injected into the water of the reactor in the form of a solution or suspension. This compound has the property that it decomposes under reactor thermal conditions to release ions/atoms of the noble metal which incorporate in or deposit on the interior surfaces of the crack. The compound may be organic, organometallic (e.g., palladium acetylacetonate) or inorganic in nature. The palladium deposited inside a crack should exhibit catalytic behavior even if the bulk surface palladium is depleted under high fluid flow conditions. As a result, the electrochemical potential inside the crack is decreased to a level below the critical potential to protect against intergranular stress corrosion cracking.
摘要翻译： 一种减轻水冷核反应堆不锈钢或其他金属部件表面裂纹扩展的方法。 将包含贵金属如钯的化合物以溶液或悬浮液的形式注入反应器的水中。 该化合物具有其在反应器热条件下分解以释放掺入或沉积在裂纹内表面上的贵金属的离子/原子的性质。 化合物可以是有机的，有机金属的（例如乙酰丙酮钯）或无机的。 即使在高流体流动条件下体表面钯耗尽，沉积在裂纹内的钯也应该具有催化作用。 因此，裂纹内部的电化学电位降低到临界电位以下以防止晶间应力腐蚀开裂。
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公开(公告)号：US06259758B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US09259645
申请日：1999-02-26
IPC分类号： G21C900
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , G21Y2002/103
摘要： A metal cooling tube of a water-cooled nuclear reactor, having an inner surface thereof exposed to an aqueous cooling medium containing hydrogen peroxide. The cooling tube has its inner surface coated with matter selected from the group consisting of the element manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, cadmium for absorbing such hydrogen peroxide and then affecting decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide in the aqueous medium. In preferred embodiment such coating is manganese and oxides thereof. A method for lowering the electrochemical corrosion potential of a metal allow cooling tube exposed to an aqueous medium in a water-cooled nuclear reactor is also disclosed. Such method comprises the step of coating an inner surface of such tube with matter selected from the group of elements comprising manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, cadmium, so as to permit absorption and hydrogen peroxide in such aqueous medium and effect decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in such aqueous medium.
摘要翻译： 水冷核反应堆的金属冷却管，其内表面暴露于含有过氧化氢的含水冷却介质中。 冷却管的内表面涂有选自元素锰，钼，锌，铜，镉的物质，用于吸收这种过氧化氢，然后影响水介质中过氧化氢的分解。 在优选的实施方案中，这种涂层是锰及其氧化物。 还公开了一种用于降低金属的电化学腐蚀电位的方法，允许在水冷核反应堆中暴露于水性介质的冷却管。 这种方法包括用选自锰，钼，锌，铜，镉的元素组的物质涂覆这种管的内表面的步骤，以便允许在这种水性介质中吸收和过氧化氢并且实现过氧化氢的分解 在这种水性介质中。
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公开(公告)号：US06415010B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-02
申请号：US09855079
申请日：2001-05-15
IPC分类号： G21C900
摘要： A metal cooling tube of a water-cooled nuclear reactor, having an inner surface thereof exposed to an aqueous cooling medium containing hydrogen peroxide. The cooling tube has its inner surface coated with matter selected from the group consisting of the element manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, cadmium for absorbing such hydrogen peroxide and then affecting decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide in the aqueous medium. In preferred embodiment such coating is manganese and oxides thereof. A method for lowering the electrochemical corrosion potential of a metal allow cooling tube exposed to an aqueous medium in a water-cooled nuclear reactor is also disclosed. Such method comprises the step of coating an inner surface of such tube with matter selected from the group of elements comprising manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, cadmium, so as to permit absorption and hydrogen peroxide in such aqueous medium and effect decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in such aqueous medium.
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4.发明授权Metal alloy coating for mitigation of stress corrosion cracking of metal components in high-temperature water 失效金属合金涂层，用于缓解高温水中金属成分的应力腐蚀开裂
公开(公告)号：US5793830A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-11
申请号：US498029
申请日：1995-07-03
CPC分类号： G21C3/07 , G21C13/087 , G21Y2002/303 , G21Y2002/501 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/20 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A method for mitigating crack initiation and propagation on the surface of metal components in a water-cooled nuclear reactor. A metal coating having an electrically insulating outer layer is applied on the surfaces of IGSCC-susceptible reactor components. The preferred metal coating is a zirconium alloy with a zirconia outer layer. The presence of an electrically insulating layer on the surface of the metal components shifts the corrosion potential in the negative direction without the addition of hydrogen and in the absence of a noble metal catalyst. Corrosion potentials.ltoreq.-0.5 V.sub.SHE can be achieved even at high oxidant concentrations and in the absence of hydrogen.
摘要翻译： 一种减轻水冷核反应堆中金属组分表面裂纹引发和扩散的方法。 具有电绝缘外层的金属涂层施加在IGSCC敏感反应器部件的表面上。 优选的金属涂层是具有氧化锆外层的锆合金。 在金属组分的表面上存在电绝缘层使负极方向的腐蚀电位不加氢而在不存在贵金属催化剂的情况下移动。 即使在高氧化剂浓度和不存在氢气的情况下也可以实现腐蚀电位
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5.发明授权System for monitoring noble metal distribution in reactor circuit during plant application 失效在工厂应用中监测电抗器电路中的贵金属分布的系统
公开(公告)号：US5719911A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-17
申请号：US791369
申请日：1997-01-30
IPC分类号： B01J37/03 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C3/07 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C17/00 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： B01J37/031 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , C23F15/00 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C17/0225 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C3/07 , G21Y2002/102 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/204 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/40 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A system for ensuring the distribution of noble metal in the reactor circuit during plant application without measuring the reactor water for noble metal content by chemical analysis. The system performs the measurement of electrochemical corrosion potential in an autoclave or a high-flow test section that is connected to the reactor water circuit through sample lines downstream of the injection port, preferably the point in the reactor circuit which is furthest from the injection port. If the noble metal flows into the autoclave or test section at these distant points in the reactor circuit, then the noble metal will deposit on the test specimens inside the autoclave or test section. After the noble metal has been injected for a predetermined duration, the electrochemical corrosion potential autoclave or test section is exposed to hydrogen water chemistry conditions and the electrochemical corrosion potentials of the specimens inside the autoclave or test section will be measured to determine the extent of their catalytic response. A good catalytic response indicates that the noble metal has reached the locations upstream where electrochemical corrosion potential is being measured.
摘要翻译： 一种用于确保在植物施用期间在反应器回路中分布贵金属的系统，而不通过化学分析测量贵金属含量的反应器水。 该系统在高压灭菌器或高流量测试部分中进行电化学腐蚀电位的测量，该高压灭菌器或高流量测试部分通过注入口下游的采样管线连接到反应器水回路，优选地在反应器电路中与注射端口最远的点 。 如果贵金属在反应器电路中的这些远处流入高压釜或试验部分，则贵金属将沉积在高压釜或试验部分内的试样上。 在将贵金属注入预定时间后，将电化学腐蚀潜力的高压釜或试验部分暴露于氢水化学条件下，并测量高压釜或试验部分内的试样的电化学腐蚀电位，以确定它们的程度 催化反应。 良好的催化反应表明贵金属已经到达测量电化学腐蚀电位的上游位置。
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6.发明授权Internal passive water recombiner/hydrogen peroxide decomposer for a boiling water reactor 失效用于沸水反应器的内部被动水重组器/过氧化氢分解器
公开(公告)号：US5287392A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US981667
申请日：1992-11-25
IPC分类号： G21D1/00 , B01J35/04 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/317 , G21D3/08
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , B01J35/04 , G21C19/317 , G21Y2002/501 , G21Y2004/30
摘要： An internal passive catalytic device operating in the water phase of a boiling water reactor vessel downstream of the steam/water separator location. The device consists of catalytic material arranged and situated such that all (except perhaps a small leakage flow) water phase exiting the water/steam separator device flows over the surface of the catalytic material. The catalytic surfaces decompose dissolved hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. When the substrate of the catalytic material is plated or alloyed with a water recombination catalyst such as a noble metal, the catalytic surfaces also catalyze the recombination of dissolved hydrogen and oxygen molecules into water. The passive catalytic device is constructed to ensure that the pressure drop of the reactor water across the device is very small. The device includes a stainless steel flow-through housing packed with catalytic material, which could take the form of tangled wire or strips, crimped ribbon, porous sintered metal composite or any other structure having a high surface area-to-volume ratio.
摘要翻译： 在蒸汽/水分离器位置下游的沸水反应器容器的水相中操作的内部被动催化装置。 该装置由布置和定位的催化材料组成，使得离开水/蒸汽分离器装置的所有（除了可能是小的泄漏流）水相流过催化材料的表面。 催化表面将溶解的过氧化氢分解成水和氧气。 当催化材料的基底与诸如贵金属的水复合催化剂电镀或合金化时，催化表面还催化溶解的氢和氧分子与水的重组。 被动催化装置被构造成确保反应堆水穿过装置的压降非常小。 该装置包括填充有催化材料的不锈钢流通壳体，其可以采取缠结线或条带，卷曲带，多孔烧结金属复合材料或具有高表面积 - 体积比的任何其它结构的形式。
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