公开(公告)号：US09089798B2

公开(公告)日：2015-07-28

申请号：US14062946

申请日：2013-10-25

申请人： Lummus Technology Inc.

发明人： Emile J. Troxclair

IPC分类号： B01D29/66 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10K1/02 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/72

CPC分类号： B01D29/66 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10J2300/0993 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/026

摘要： Improvements in a gasification system and process for gasifying carbonaceous feedstock with improved energy efficiency. Improved methods and systems for more efficient removal of particulates from a raw synthesis gas while simultaneously providing a novel mechanism for fluxing agent addition to the gasification reactor. A conditioning agent, in the form of coarse fluxing agent particles, is added to the raw synthesis gas upstream from the particle filtration unit. The conditioning agent allows more rapid turnaround of the filtration unit following filter element replacement, extend filter life, facilitates the removal of filter cake from the particle filters, and combines with removed filter cake for recycling to the gasifier. Addition of fluxing agent via this route eliminates the need to premix fluxing agent with the carbonaceous feedstock, thereby maximizing the rate of feedstock addition to the gasification reactor.

摘要翻译： 气化系统的改进和用于气化碳质原料的方法，具有改善的能量效率。 改进的方法和系统，用于从原料合成气中更有效地除去颗粒物，同时提供添加到气化反应器中的助熔剂的新机理。 在颗粒过滤单元上游的原料合成气中加入粗助剂颗粒形式的调理剂。 调节剂允许过滤单元更换快速周转，过滤元件更换后，延长过滤器寿命，便于从颗粒过滤器中除去滤饼，并与去除过的滤饼结合，再循环到气化器。 通过该途径添加助熔剂消除了与碳质原料预混合助熔剂的需要，从而最大限度地提高了气化反应器中原料添加的速率。

公开(公告)号：US09062263B2

公开(公告)日：2015-06-23

申请号：US13696340

申请日：2011-04-29

申请人： Vladimir Petrovich Sevastyanov

发明人： Vladimir Petrovich Sevastyanov

IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10L1/32 ,  F01K23/06 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/50 ,  C10J3/84

CPC分类号： C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10L1/326 ,  F01K23/067 ,  Y02E20/18

摘要： The invention relates to the field of power engineering and, more specifically, to systems for generating electricity based on the use of solid fuel, primarily brown and black coal. In the coal gasification method, a gasifier is fed with a uniform activated coal water fuel, the droplets of which are of equal size and the coal particles in said droplets having a similar granulometric composition. The fuel droplets are introduced intermittently in separate doses of fuel with a certain amount of motion being imparted thereto. The milling of the coal for the activated coal water fuel preparation method is adjusted adaptively according to the criterion of the actual amount of volatile substances given off by the coal, and the coal is thoroughly classified according to its granulometric composition. The invention provides for more extensive recovery of thermal energy from coal and more efficient electricity generation.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及电力工程领域，更具体地涉及基于使用固体燃料（主要是棕色和黑色煤）发电的系统。 在煤气化方法中，气化器供给均匀的活化煤水燃料，其液滴具有相同的尺寸，并且所述液滴中的煤颗粒具有相似的粒度组成。 燃料液滴间歇地引入分开剂量的燃料中，并赋予一定量的运动。 根据煤炭排放的挥发性物质实际量的标准，适当调整活性煤水燃料制备方法的煤粉，煤粉根据其粒度组成进行彻底分类。 本发明提供了来自煤的更广泛的热能回收和更有效的发电。

公开(公告)号：US09051517B2

公开(公告)日：2015-06-09

申请号：US13982440

申请日：2011-12-21

申请人： Gerhard Gustav Schmitt ,  Paul Smit Baumann ,  Johannes Willem Van Zyl

发明人： Gerhard Gustav Schmitt ,  Paul Smit Baumann ,  Johannes Willem Van Zyl

IPC分类号： C10G1/00 ,  C07C1/02 ,  C10G2/00 ,  C10C1/19 ,  C10C1/00 ,  C10C1/02 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C10G31/09 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K1/06 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10J3/02 ,  C10K1/10 ,  C10K3/04

CPC分类号： C10C1/19 ,  C10C1/00 ,  C10C1/02 ,  C10G2/30 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C10G31/09 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10G2300/4006 ,  C10G2300/4012 ,  C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10K1/001 ,  C10K1/06 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10K1/10 ,  C10K3/04 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P30/20

摘要： A method (100) of recovering tar from the gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock includes gasifying (12) a carbonaceous feedstock (14) to produce a raw gas (20) which includes at least CO, H2, tar and entrained solids, the raw gas (20) being at a temperature of at least 250° C. and a pressure of at least 15 bar (g). The raw gas (20) is quenched and washed (22) with a quench liquid (24) producing a solids-containing liquid stream (32) which includes tars, the solids-containing liquid stream being at a temperature of at least 150° C. and a pressure of at least 15 bar (g). Solids (56) are separated (46) from the solids-containing liquid stream (32) to provide a tar recovery stream (102). The tar recovery stream (102) is treated by at least cooling (34) and pressure expansion (36) thereof to produce a tar stream (58).

摘要翻译： 从碳质原料的气化中回收焦油的方法（100）包括气化（12）碳质原料（14）以产生至少包括CO，H 2，焦油和夹带固体的原料气体（20），原料气体 （20）处于至少250℃的温度和至少15巴（g）的压力。 原料气体（20）被骤冷并用骤冷液体（24）洗涤（22），产生包含焦油的含固体的液体流（32），含固体的液体流在至少150℃的温度 和至少15巴（g）的压力。 将固体（56）与含固体的液体流（32）分离（46）以提供焦油回收流（102）。 通过至少冷却（34）和压力膨胀（36）来处理焦油回收流（102）以产生焦油流（58）。

公开(公告)号：US20150122243A1

公开(公告)日：2015-05-07

申请号：US14512799

申请日：2014-10-13

申请人： Intellergy, Inc.

发明人： Terry R. Galloway

IPC分类号： F24J1/00 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/84

CPC分类号： F24V30/00 ,  B01J8/006 ,  B01J8/009 ,  B01J8/0271 ,  B01J8/10 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00415 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2208/00752 ,  B01J2219/0004 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0222 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/062 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  C10G2/30 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G2/332 ,  C10G2300/4043 ,  C10G2300/4081 ,  C10J3/007 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1853 ,  C10K1/002 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K1/32 ,  C10K3/04 ,  Y02E50/18 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/131 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02P30/10 ,  Y02P30/30 ,  Y02P30/446

摘要： This invention relates to a power recovery process in waste steam/CO2 reformers whereby a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas. This invention does not make use of fuel cells as its critical component but makes use of highly exothermic chemical reactors using syngas to produce large amounts of heat, such as Fischer-Tropsch. It also relates to control or elimination of the emissions of greenhouse gases in the power recovery process of this invention with the goal of producing energy in the future carbonless world economy. A New Concept for a duplex kiln was developed that has the combined functionality of steam/CO2 reforming, heat transfer, solids removal, filtration, and heat recovery. New methods of carbon-sequestering where the syngas produced by steam/CO2 reforming can be used in Fischer-Tropsch processes that make high-carbon content compounds while recycling the methane and lighter hydrocarbons back to the reformer to further produce syngas at a higher H2/CO ratio.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及废蒸汽/二氧化碳重整器中的功率回收过程，其中可以使废物流释放能量而不必燃烧废物或合成气。 本发明不利用燃料电池作为其关键组分，而是利用使用合成气产生大量热量的高放热化学反应器，例如费 - 托。 它还涉及在本发明的电力回收过程中控制或消除温室气体排放，目的是在未来无碳世界经济中生产能源。 开发了一种双相窑的新概念，其具有蒸汽/二氧化碳重整，热传递，固体除去，过滤和热回收的组合功能。 通过蒸汽/二氧化碳重整产生合成气的新方法可用于费 - 托方法，该方法制备高碳含量化合物，同时将甲烷和轻质碳氢化合物回收至重整器，以进一步在更高的H2 / CO比。

公开(公告)号：US08986403B2

公开(公告)日：2015-03-24

申请号：US12495439

申请日：2009-06-30

申请人： Helge B. Klockow ,  James Michael Storey ,  Aaron John Avagliano ,  Guoqing Wang ,  Gary Dwayne Mandrusiak ,  Karl Hardcastle ,  Scott Parent ,  Prashant Tiwari ,  Gregory Laskowski ,  Judeth Brannon Corry ,  Constantin Dinu

发明人： Helge B. Klockow ,  James Michael Storey ,  Aaron John Avagliano ,  Guoqing Wang ,  Gary Dwayne Mandrusiak ,  Karl Hardcastle ,  Scott Parent ,  Prashant Tiwari ,  Gregory Laskowski ,  Judeth Brannon Corry ,  Constantin Dinu

IPC分类号： B01J7/00 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10K1/10

CPC分类号： C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10J2300/1653 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10K1/003 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10K1/101 ,  Y02E20/18

摘要： In one embodiment, a gasification system component, such as a quench unit or scrubber may retain of pool of a cooling fluid for cooling another fluid. The gasification system component includes a flow damping mechanism designed to dampen flow of the cooling fluid, the other fluid, or both, within the gasification system component. The flow damping mechanism may be disposed in an inner chamber formed between a dip tube and a draft tube or disposed in an outer chamber formed between the walls of the gasification system component and the draft tube. The flow damping mechanism also may be disposed between the inner chamber and the outer chamber.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，气化系统部件，例如骤冷单元或洗涤器可以保留用于冷却另一流体的冷却流体池。 气化系统部件包括流动阻尼机构，其设计成在气化系统部件内抑制冷却流体，其它流体或两者的流动。 流动阻尼机构可以设置在形成在汲取管和引流管之间的内室中，或者设置在形成在气化系统部件的壁与引流管之间的外部室中。 流动阻尼机构还可以设置在内室和外室之间。

公开(公告)号：US08969637B2

公开(公告)日：2015-03-03

申请号：US13293512

申请日：2011-11-10

申请人： Herman Feldmann

发明人： Herman Feldmann

IPC分类号： C10C1/00 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10G70/04 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K1/34 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C10K3/02 ,  C10K1/02

CPC分类号： C10J3/84 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/0993 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1637 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10K1/34 ,  C10K3/005 ,  C10K3/023 ,  Y02P20/145

摘要： A process of gasification and the production of synthesis gas. A process of biomass gasification and the reduction or elimination of tars from the hydrocarbon-rich product gas derived from biomass gasification. Systems and methods for the reduction of tar from a synthesis gas derived from biomass gasification are provided.

摘要翻译： 一种气化和合成气的生产过程。 生物质气化过程和从生物质气化得到的富含烃的产物气中减少或消除焦油的过程。 提供了从生物质气化产生的合成气中还原焦油的系统和方法。

公开(公告)号：US20150033755A1

公开(公告)日：2015-02-05

申请号：US14379839

申请日：2013-02-21

申请人： ADVANCED PLASMA POWER LIMITED

发明人： Richard Taylor

IPC分类号： C10J3/84 ,  F02B43/10 ,  F02C3/22 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/30

CPC分类号： C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/1618 ,  C10J2300/1637 ,  C10J2300/165 ,  C10J2300/1853 ,  F02B43/10 ,  F02C3/22 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/085 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2203/50 ,  F23G2204/201

摘要： The present invention relates to a method for the treatment of a feedstock material, the method comprising: (i) thermally treating a feedstock material to produce an syngas; and (ii) plasma-treating the syngas in a plasma treatment unit in the presence of additional carbon dioxide to produce a refined syngas, wherein the additional carbon dioxide is added to the feedstock material during the thermal treatment and/or to the syngas before plasma treatment and/or introduced in the plasma treatment unit.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于处理原料的方法，所述方法包括：（i）热处理原料以产生合成气; 和（ii）在另外的二氧化碳存在下对等离子体处理单元中的合成气进行等离子体处理以产生精制的合成气，其中在热处理期间将额外的二氧化碳加入到原料中和/或在等离子体之前加入合成气 处理和/或引入等离子体处理单元中。

公开(公告)号：US20150028258A1

公开(公告)日：2015-01-29

申请号：US14264886

申请日：2014-04-29

申请人： PYROGENESIS CANADA INC.

发明人： Pierre CARABIN ,  Peter George TSANTRIZOS

IPC分类号： C10J3/18 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/72

CPC分类号： C10J3/18 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10J2200/12 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/095 ,  C10J2300/1238 ,  C10J2300/1634 ,  C10J2300/1807

摘要： A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于将固体或液体有机废物转化成适用于燃气发动机或气体燃烧器的清洁燃料的两步骤气化方法和装置。 将废物最初进料到主气化炉中，该气化炉是石墨电弧炉。 在主要气化器内，废物的有机组分与预定量的空气，氧气或蒸汽混合，并转化成挥发物和烟灰。 挥发物主要由一氧化碳和氢气组成，可能包括各种其他烃类和一些飞灰。 离开主要气化器的气体首先通过热旋风分离器，其中一些烟灰和大部分飞灰被收集并返回到主气化器。 剩余的烟灰与挥发性有机化合物一起在二次气化器中进一步处理，其中烟灰和挥发性化合物与高温等离子体射流和计量的空气，氧气或蒸汽混合，并转化为主要组成的合成气 的一氧化碳和氢气。 然后将合成气淬火和清洁以形成适用于燃气发动机或气体燃烧器的清洁燃料气体。 这比传统技术提供更高的热效率，并且产生比其他已知替代品更清洁的燃料。

公开(公告)号：US08936658B2

公开(公告)日：2015-01-20

申请号：US13598273

申请日：2012-08-29

申请人： Pekka Simell ,  Esa Kurkela ,  Ilkka Hiltunen

发明人： Pekka Simell ,  Esa Kurkela ,  Ilkka Hiltunen

IPC分类号： C01B3/24 ,  B01J23/00 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/34 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10K3/02 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J21/06

CPC分类号： C10J3/00 ,  B01J21/066 ,  B01J23/40 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10K1/34 ,  C10K3/023 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： A method of reforming a gasification gas, in order to decompose the impurities contained therein, and a use of a noble metal catalyst in the pre-reforming of gasification gas. The gas is brought into contact with a metal catalyst in the presence of an oxidizing agent. The reformation is carried out in several stages, wherein in at least one of the first stages a noble metal catalyst is used, and in a second stage which follows the first stage the catalyst used is a metal catalyst. The use of a noble metal catalyst can reduce the risk of deactivation of the metal catalysts and can increase the operating life of the catalyst.

摘要翻译： 在气化气体的预重整中，为了分解其中所含杂质而使气化气体重整的方法以及贵金属催化剂的使用方法。 在氧化剂存在下使气体与金属催化剂接触。 重整进行几个阶段，其中在至少一个第一阶段中使用贵金属催化剂，在第一阶段之后的第二阶段中，使用的催化剂是金属催化剂。 使用贵金属催化剂可以降低金属催化剂失活的风险，并且可以增加催化剂的使用寿命。

公开(公告)号：US08915980B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-23

申请号：US12737429

申请日：2009-07-11

申请人： Christoph Hanrott

发明人： Christoph Hanrott

IPC分类号： C10J3/46 ,  B01J7/00 ,  C10J3/52 ,  C10J3/84

CPC分类号： C10J3/52 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  Y10T137/0318 ,  Y10T137/794

摘要： A process for the discharge of slag and ash from a gasification reactor is disclosed. These solids are directed from the gasification reactor into a water bath housed with the gasification reactor in a pressure vessel. There are at least two lock hoppers underneath the water bath which are fed with a stream of water/solids via a pipe and a flow divider element, it being possible to supply the lock hoppers individually and in a controlled manner with a stream of water/solids via shut-off devices. The filling is performed in a manner that encourages the sett-ling process by withdrawing a stream of liquid from the lock hopper being filled, the filling time being controlled so as to prevent the solids settling above the valves and lock hoppers. Also disclosed is an apparatus with at least two lock hoppers underneath the water bath of a gasification reactor, there being, in an advantageous embodiment, a flow divider element and shut-off devices between the water bath and the lock hoppers.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种从气化反应器排出炉渣和灰渣的方法。 将这些固体从气化反应器引入与气化反应器容纳的水浴在压力容器中。 在水浴下方有至少两个锁定料斗，其通过管道和分流器元件供给水/固体物流，可以单独地并且以受控的方式用水/ 固体通过切断装置。 以通过从被填充的封闭料斗中取出液体流来鼓励安装过程的方式进行填充，控制填充时间以防止固体沉积在阀上方并锁定料斗。 还公开了一种在气化反应器的水浴下方具有至少两个锁定料斗的装置，在有利的实施例中，在水浴和锁定料斗之间存在分流器元件和截止装置。