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    Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method
    11.
    发明申请
    Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method 有权
    光刻设备和器件制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080023652A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

    申请号：US11902857

    申请日：2007-09-26

    Applicant: Franciscus Johannes Teunissen ,  Raymond Carnahan

    Inventor： Franciscus Johannes Teunissen ,  Raymond Carnahan

    IPC: B01D15/00 ,  B01D35/14 ,  B01J39/00

    CPC classification number: B01J39/04 ,  C02F1/42 ,  G03F7/70341 ,  G03F7/70925

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring a level of silicon dioxide in a liquid and removing the silicon dioxide using polishers is disclosed. In an embodiment, two polishers that absorb carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide, but which have a greater affinity for carbon dioxide, are placed in series along a conduit containing the liquid for use in an immersion lithographic apparatus. The upstream polisher absorbs carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide until it is saturated, at which point it desorbs the silicon dioxide in preference for the carbon dioxide. Silicon dioxide continues down the conduit and is absorbed by the downstream polisher. Once the upstream polisher is saturated with carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide present in the liquid flows downstream where it is absorbed by the downstream polisher. A sensor between the polishers senses the presence of carbon dioxide and initiates a request for the one or more of polishers to be cleaned or replaced.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于监测液体中二氧化硅水平并使用抛光机去除二氧化硅的方法和装置。 在一个实施方案中，吸收二氧化碳和二氧化硅但是对二氧化碳具有更大亲合力的两个抛光机沿着包含用于浸没式光刻设备的液体的导管串联放置。 上游抛光机吸收二氧化碳和二氧化硅直到其饱和，此时它优先于二氧化碳解吸二氧化硅。 二氧化硅继续向下导管并被下游抛光机吸收。 一旦上游抛光机饱和二氧化碳，液体中存在的二氧化碳就会流向下游，被下游抛光机吸收。 抛光机之间的传感器感测二氧化碳的存在，并启动对一个或多个抛光机进行清洁或更换的请求。

    Hydrophilic nonamine-containing and amine-containing copolymers and their use as bile acid sequestrants
    14.
    发明授权
    Hydrophilic nonamine-containing and amine-containing copolymers and their use as bile acid sequestrants 失效
    含亲水性非胺和含胺共聚物及其作为胆汁酸螯合剂的用途

    公开(公告)号：US5929184A

    公开(公告)日：1999-07-27

    申请号：US999029

    申请日：1997-12-29

    Applicant: Stephen Randall Holmes-Farley ,  John S. Petersen

    Inventor： Stephen Randall Holmes-Farley ,  John S. Petersen

    IPC: A61K31/785 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01J39/00 ,  C08F6/00

    CPC classification number: A61K31/785 ,  C08F6/008

    Abstract: The present invention relates to polymer compositions and methods of using said compositions for sequestering bile acids in a patient. The polymer compositions of this invention comprise a copolymer characterized by one or more hydrophilic nonamine-containing monomers or repeat units and one or more amine-containing monomers or repeat units. The amine-containing monomers or repeat units of the polymer compositions have one or more substituents bound to a portion of the amine nitrogens. The substituent or substituents which are bound to the amine nitrogens of the polymer composition can include a hydrophobic moiety and/or a quaternary amine-containing moiety. Suitable amine-containing monomers or repeat units include, but are not limited to, for example, vinylamine, allylamine, diallylamine, diallylmethylamine, and ethyleneimine, which are appropriately substituted, as described above.The hydrophilic nonamine-containing monomer can be, but is not limited to, for example, allyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, hydroxyethylacrylate, hydroxyethylmethacrylate, hydroxypropylacrylate, hydroxypropylmethacrylate, poly(propyleneglycol) monomethacrylate, poly(ethyleneglycol) monomethacrylate, acrylic acid, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide. Typically, the hydrophilic nonamine-containing monomer or repeat unit comprises from about 10 to about 90 mole percent of the polymer composition.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及聚合物组合物和使用所述组合物在患者体内螯合胆汁酸的方法。 本发明的聚合物组合物包含一种共聚物，其特征在于一种或多种含亲水性非胺的单体或重复单元和一种或多种含胺单体或重复单元。 聚合物组合物的含胺单体或重复单元具有一个或多个与一部分胺氮结合的取代基。 与聚合物组合物的胺氮键合的取代基或取代基可以包括疏水部分和/或含季胺的部分。 合适的含胺单体或重复单元包括但不限于如上所述的适当取代的乙烯胺，烯丙胺，二烯丙基胺，二烯丙基甲胺和乙烯亚胺。 含亲水非胺的单体可以是但不限于例如烯丙醇，乙烯醇，环氧乙烷，环氧丙烷，丙烯酸羟乙酯，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，丙烯酸羟丙酯，甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯，单（甲基）丙烯酸聚（乙二醇），单甲基丙烯酸聚（乙二醇） 丙烯酸，二氧化碳和二氧化硫。 通常，含亲水非胺的单体或重复单元包含约10至约90摩尔％的聚合物组合物。

    Method for sludge conditioning
    15.
    发明授权
    Method for sludge conditioning 失效
    污泥调理方法

    公开(公告)号：US5614458A

    公开(公告)日：1997-03-25

    申请号：US497510

    申请日：1995-06-30

    Applicant: John L. Webb ,  W. William Coe ,  Robert D. Kilgore ,  Shitalprasad N. Patil

    Inventor： John L. Webb ,  W. William Coe ,  Robert D. Kilgore ,  Shitalprasad N. Patil

    IPC: C02F1/68 ,  C09K3/32 ,  B01D15/04 ,  B01J39/00 ,  C02F1/28 ,  C02F1/42

    CPC classification number: C02F1/681 ,  C09K3/32 ,  Y10S210/92

    Abstract: A method for conditioning sludge is disclosed which includes adding a treatment material to the sludge, the treatment material including pieces of cellulose with a hydrophobic agent applied thereto. A method for conditioning sludge is disclosed which includes adding a treatment material to the sludge, and the treatment material including pieces of cellulose with wax applied thereto, the pieces of cellulose ranging in size between one-eighth inch and seven-sixteenths inch in a largest dimension and having about 0.5% to about 3% wax by weight, and at least ninety percent of surface area of the pieces of cellulose covered with wax. A method for conditioning sludge is disclosed which includes forming a slurry of sludge and pieces of cellulose treated with a hydrophobic agent, introducing the slurry into a sludge feed stream producing a secondary stream for feeding into sludge dewatering apparatus, and feeding the secondary stream into sludge dewatering apparatus to dewater sludge in the sludge dewatering apparatus.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种调节污泥的方法，其包括向污泥中加入处理材料，处理材料包括施加有疏水剂的纤维素片。 公开了一种调节污泥的方法，其包括向污泥中加入处理材料，并且处理材料包括施加蜡的纤维素片，尺寸在八分之一英寸至七十六分之一英寸之间的纤维素片最大 并且具有约0.5重量％至约3重量％的蜡，以及用蜡覆盖的纤维素片的至少百分之九十的表面积。 公开了一种调节污泥的方法，其中包括用疏水剂处理的淤泥和纤维素浆料，将浆料引入污泥进料流中，产生用于进料到污泥脱水装置中的二次流，并将二次流送入污泥 脱水装置对污泥脱水装置中的污泥进行脱水。

    Process for extraction of fluorinated copolymers with fluorocarbons
    18.
    发明授权
    Process for extraction of fluorinated copolymers with fluorocarbons 失效
    用碳氟化合物萃取氟化共聚物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4360601A

    公开(公告)日：1982-11-23

    申请号：US214997

    申请日：1980-12-10

    Applicant: Terry M. Copeland ,  Paul R. Resnick

    Inventor： Terry M. Copeland ,  Paul R. Resnick

    IPC: C08F6/00 ,  C08F6/04 ,  C08F6/06 ,  C08F6/28 ,  C08F14/00 ,  C08F14/18 ,  B01J39/00

    CPC classification number: C08F6/28

    Abstract: A process for extracting a fluorinated polymer which contains carboxylic ester functional groups with a liquid compound which is preferably a perchlorofluorocarbon having a boiling point in the range of 30.degree. to 125.degree. C. is described. Polymer so extracted can be fabricated into a membrane and hydrolyzed to ion exchange form to provide a membrane for electrolytic cells. When used as the membrane for a chloralkali cell, such membrane provides improved performance, e.g., a high level of current efficiency and low power consumption are maintained for an extended period of time when compared against a membrane of like construction fabricated from polymer which has not been so extracted.

    Abstract translation: 描述了一种提取含有羧酸酯官能团的含氟聚合物的方法，其中液体化合物优选是沸点在30至125℃范围内的全氯氟烃。 如此提取的聚合物可以制成膜并水解成离子交换形式以提供电解池的膜。 当用作氯碱电池的膜时，这种膜提供改进的性能，例如，当与不具有聚合物的聚合物制成的类似结构的膜相比较时，电流效率的高水平和低功耗保持较长的时间 被提拔了

    Fluid treating method
    19.
    发明授权
    Fluid treating method 失效
    流体处理方法

    公开(公告)号：US4239621A

    公开(公告)日：1980-12-16

    申请号：US14826

    申请日：1979-02-26

    Applicant: Don E. Heskett

    Inventor： Don E. Heskett

    IPC: B01J49/00 ,  B01J39/00

    CPC classification number: B01J49/0086

    Abstract: A fluid treating apparatus and method are provided which employ finely subdivided surface active particles arranged in loose bed form and confined within a treating tank by means which prevent the escape of such particles but which permits fluid flow therethrough at a high rate with a minimum pressure drop. In an important embodiment, the apparatus and method of this invention are particularly directed to the treatment of water with fine mesh ion cation exchange resin particles of below 50 mesh size, and preferably 100 to 200 mesh or smaller, measured on a dry basis. This apparatus and method provides removal of polyvalent metal ions such as calcium and magnesium to soften the water and, unexpectedly, removal of chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, iron, including colloidal iron particles, bacteria and other taste and odor forming contaminants to an extent far superior than that of conventional water softening units even where such units are provided with special auxiliary treating devices such as, for example, activated carbon filters. In the described embodiment, the operation of all valves is completely hydraulic and regeneration is automatically provided when a predetermined quantity of water has been treated, however, important aspects of the present invention also find advantageous utility in fluid treating apparatus and methods wherein valve operation is manually, electromechanically, or otherwise regulated.

    Abstract translation: 提供一种流体处理装置和方法，该流体处理装置和方法采用精细细分的表面活性颗粒，其以松散床形式布置并且通过防止这种颗粒逸出的装置限制在处理罐内，但允许流体以高速率以最小压降 。 在一个重要的实施方案中，本发明的装置和方法特别涉及以干基计测量的具有低于50目尺寸，优选为100至200目或更小的细网状离子阳离子交换树脂颗粒的水的处理。 该装置和方法提供多价金属离子如钙和镁的去除以软化水，并且意外地除去氯，硫化氢，铁，包括胶体铁颗粒，细菌和其它味道和气味形成的污染物远远优于 即使在这样的单元设置有特殊的辅助处理装置，例如活性炭过滤器的情况下，也可以使用传统的水软化装置。 在所描述的实施例中，所有阀门的操作是完全液压的，并且当已经处理了预定量的水时自动地提供再生，然而，本发明的重要方面也在流体处理设备中发现有利的用途以及其中阀操作是 手动，机电或其他调节。

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