Abstract:
Radiation falling on a two dimensional detector array is analysed with respect to two perpendicular directions whereby two different characteristics can be analysed with one array. Possible characteristics include the variation intensity with wavelength, spatial position or path length through a sample.
Abstract:
A method for monitoring the high temperature reducing combustion atmosphere in a combustion process is disclosed. First, a spectral region for monitoring CO and H2O is identified. A laser wavelength is scanned so that a complete absorption transition includes a portion of the baseline. A laser is then referenced to an ITU-GRID. An output signal is generated from the laser and directed to a coupler to split the output signal in a predetermined ratio to a first component and a second component. The first component is directed to optics where it is shaped and collimated and then directed across a sample to be monitored to a detector that generates a measured output. The second component is directed to an absorption measurement device. The measured output is compared with the second component, and the temperature of the atmosphere and the concentration of the CO present in the atmosphere is calculated.
Abstract:
A method for high temperature process control in which the surface emission intensity of a surface is measured at two near-infrared wavelengths over an array of points covering a fill field of view. The emissivity variable is removed from the temperature calculation and the surface emission intensity measurements are digitally processed, resulting in generation of a color temperature map. The color temperature map is processed in a thermal imaging control algorithm process, producing control output signals, which are then input to a temperature control means for controlling the surface temperature. The apparatus used in carrying out this method is surface temperature monitoring system which includes a multiple-wavelength, near-infrared thermal imaging system.
Abstract:
A method of determining liquid absorption of an aggregate comprises providing a sample of the aggregate, adding liquid to the sample, subjecting the sample to a light source signal, monitoring a light reflected signal reflected from the sample and controlling addition of liquid to the sample as a function of the light reflected signal. The apparatus comprises a support for supporting a sample of the aggregate, a liquid source for adding liquid to the sample, a light source which subjects the sample to a light source signal, a light sensor which senses a reflected light signal reflected from the sample and a processor/controller which controls addition of liquid from the liquid source as a function of the reflected light signal. The light source is preferably an infrared source and the light sensor is preferably an infrared detector. The sample is weighed in a dry state and in the saturated surface dry (nullSSDnull) state and the percent by weight of aggregate water absorption and hence aggregate binder absorption and/or bulk specific gravity is then calculated. A weighing device can be incorporated directly into the apparatus.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a temperature detective structure of an ear thermometer, wherein a through receiving space is formed at the center of a fixing seat, and a radiation sensor is disposed at the top inside the receiving space. A heat-spreading sheet is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the radiation sensor to fix the radiation sensor. A plurality of fixing ribs are annularly disposed on the inner wall of a shell cover to retain the fixing seat in the shell cover. A funneled opening is formed at the top of the shell cover to expose the radiation sensor. The present invention has good sensing effect and a low manufacturing cost.
Abstract:
A process including: magnetically energizing susceptible magnetic particles; and accumulating the resulting terahertz lasing mode output of the particles.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the recording of an object space with an opto-electronic distance sensor by a signal propagation time method, with a transmitter for transmitting optical signals, in particular those of a laser, and a receiver device for receiving optical signals, in particular laser radiation, which is reflected from objects located in the target space. The distance sensor is combined with a scanning device for deflecting the optical axes of the transmitter and receiver device, and it has an evaluation device, which from the propagation time or phase angle of the optical signal emitted ascertains distance values. Downstream of the scanning device, that is, out of the region oriented toward the distance sensor, part of the beam is split off from the beam path of the transmitter and/or receiver device and is directed to receiver diodes or the like, and from the corresponding signals, a pixel is ascertained and each pixel is assigned a distance value and a space angle.
Abstract:
A flame sensor capable of being easily produced and accurately detecting a flame includes a broadband filter having a transmission band inclusive of a line spectrum of resonance radiation of a carbonic acid gas, a narrowband filter permitting the passage of only the line spectrum of the resonance radiation of the carbonic acid gas and having its band center not coincident with that of the broadband filter, a light reception device, amplifiers, a circuit for computing the difference of mean intensities of spectrums transmitting through the filters and passing through the amplifiers, and a circuit for raising an alarm when the output of the computation circuit exceeds a predetermined value.
Abstract:
A mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectrometer attachment performs reflection spectroscopy measurements using commercially available infinity corrected light microscopes. The mid-IR spectrometer attachment introduces infrared radiation into the optical path of a visible light microscope. Radiation from the mid-IR spectrometer source is directed by a radiation director to a mid-IR objective lens affixed to the microscope nosepiece. The objective lens focuses the radiation on to a subject sample surface in order to acquire either internally or externally reflected infrared spectra by subsequently directing the sample encoded reflected infrared radiation to an infrared radiation detection system. The mid-IR spectrometer attachment is mechanically and optically compatible with a plurality of commercial infinity-corrected visible light microscopes. The visible light optics of the microscope can be used for visual imaging but mid-IR objective lenses are needed for infrared spectral analyses at wavelengths greater than about 4 micrometers. A sample-defining mask, which is part of the spectrometer system, can be made adjustable and a trichroic element used as the radiation directing means can allow for simultaneous viewing and infrared measurement of a microscopic sample. In one embodiment, the trichroic element is designed to be a reflector in the mid-IR region (reflectivity of around 95%) while being a beam splitter in the near infrared (near-IR) region and transparent in the visible region, thereby providing the opportunity to observe near-IR radiation from the sample that originated from the infrared source using commercially available video cameras while simultaneously collecting mid-IR radiation for spectroscopic analysis. In another embodiment, the trichroic element is designed to be a reflector in the mid-IR region (reflectivity of around 95%) while being a beam splitter in both the near-IR the visible regions, thereby allowing a visible illumination means to be incorporated in the attachment, and thus eliminating the need for a separate vertical visible light illuminator.
Abstract:
A wide angle viewing device comprising a viewing head, a plurality of sensors, and a detector. The sensors are connected to the viewing head with each sensor positioned facing a unique direction such that the combination of sensors effectively views and entire volume, such as an entire room. The sensors collect radiation from the volume and deliver it to the detector. In one embodiment, the viewing device is used in a flame detector for detecting the presence of a fire in the viewed volume.