公开(公告)号：US12191994B2

公开(公告)日：2025-01-07

申请号：US17633704

申请日：2020-09-30

Applicant: Ciena Corporation

Inventor： Andrew D. Shiner ,  Shahab Oveis Gharan ,  Michael Hubbard ,  Kim B. Roberts

IPC: H04L1/00 ,  H04W24/08

Abstract: A system is configured to measure (602) a forward error correction (FEC) decoding property (216) associated with applying FEC decoding (214) to FEC-encoded bits or symbols at a receiver device (202) deployed in a communication network (100). The system is configured to provide (606) an assessment of operating conditions of the receiver device based on the FEC decoding property. The FEC decoding property comprises, for example, a distribution of a number of iterations of a FEC decoding operation applied to a plurality of FEC blocks processed within a period of time. In some examples, the FEC decoding property comprises any one of heat, temperature, current, voltage, active clock cycles, idle clock cycles, activity of parallel engines, activity of pipeline stages, and input or output buffer fill level of the FEC decoding. The assessment is based, for example, on a comparison between the FEC decoding property and reference FEC data (218).

公开(公告)号：US20240333397A1

公开(公告)日：2024-10-03

申请号：US18193322

申请日：2023-03-30

Applicant: CIENA CORPORATION

Inventor： Shahab Oveis Gharan ,  Kim Byron Roberts

IPC: H04B10/61

CPC classification number: H04B10/615 ,  H04B10/6163

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining a signal received at a coherent optical receiver, and equalizing the signal using a filter system, wherein the filter system includes a first filter that provides a first filtering characteristic, a second filter that provides a second filtering characteristic, and a third filter that provides a third filtering characteristic, wherein an adjustment rate of the first filter and an adjustment rate of the second filter are each at least ten times an adjustment rate of the third filter, and wherein the adjustment rate of the first filter is at least ten times the adjustment rate of the second filter. Other embodiments are disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US10805064B1

公开(公告)日：2020-10-13

申请号：US16391527

申请日：2019-04-23

Applicant: Ciena Corporation

Inventor： Sadok Aouini ,  Naim Ben-Hamida ,  Ahmad Abdo ,  Timothy James Creasy ,  Lukas Jakober ,  Yalmez M. A. Yazaw ,  Shahab Oveis Gharan

IPC: H04B10/50 ,  H04B10/69 ,  H04L7/033 ,  H04B10/071 ,  H04B10/40 ,  H04B10/25 ,  H04B10/079

Abstract: A system includes an optical transmitter including a transmitter Phase Lock Loop (PLL) circuit; an optical receiver connected to the optical transmitter and including a receiver PLL circuit; and circuitry configured to inject a test stimulus to a clock causing jitter in one of the transmitter PLL circuitry and the receiver PLL circuit, wherein the test stimulus is set for characterizing the jitter tolerance of optical receiver. As well, a circuit that injects SOP transient at the transmitter is included. It is configured to test the tolerance of optical receiver to handle fast change in the SOP state. The optical receiver is configured to determine if the system is operational at a jitter value due to the test stimulus based on compliance to one or more thresholds including any of a target Bit Error Rate, a Forward-Error-Correction (FEC) hit, and a jitter Root Mean Square (RMS).

公开(公告)号：US09647769B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-09

申请号：US15078189

申请日：2016-03-23

Applicant: Ciena Corporation

Inventor： Shahab Oveis Gharan ,  Kim B. Roberts ,  Mahmoud Taherzadehboroujeni

IPC: H04B10/69 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04B10/61

CPC classification number: H04B10/695 ,  H04B10/612 ,  H04B10/613 ,  H04B10/614 ,  H04B10/616 ,  H04B10/697 ,  H04L1/0054

Abstract: In a coherent receiver of an optical communication system, a method of processing a detected symbol estimate to determine a most likely value of a corresponding transmitted data word, the transmitted data word comprising one or more data bits encoded in a transmitter using a predetermined constellation of at least two symbols. A set of two or more virtual constellation points are define in a decision region corresponding to a possible value of the data word. The detected symbol estimate is processed to find a most likely virtual constellation point given the detected symbol estimate. The most likely value of the corresponding transmitted data word is determined based on the most likely virtual constellation point.

公开(公告)号：US11984911B2

公开(公告)日：2024-05-14

申请号：US17952533

申请日：2022-09-26

Applicant: Ciena Corporation

Inventor： Shahab Oveis Gharan ,  Mohammad Ehsan Seifi ,  Kim B. Roberts

IPC: H03M13/11 ,  H03M13/00 ,  H03M13/09 ,  H03M13/13 ,  H03M13/15

CPC classification number: H03M13/1111 ,  H03M13/098 ,  H03M13/136 ,  H03M13/1515 ,  H03M13/152 ,  H03M13/6516

Abstract: A transmitter generates an encoded vector by encoding a data vector, the encoded vector representing payload information and parity information. The encoding is mathematically equivalent to calculating three or more forward error correction (FEC) codewords from the data vector and then calculating the encoded vector from the codewords, at least one codeword being calculated from at least one recursion of a mathematical operation, and at least one codeword comprising more than 6 terms. The transmitter transmits a signal representing the encoded vector over a communication channel. A receiver determines a vector estimate from the signal and recovers the data vector from the vector estimate by sequentially decoding the codewords, wherein at least one codeword that is decoded earlier in the decoding enhances an estimate of at least one codeword that is decoded later in the decoding.

公开(公告)号：US11652566B2

公开(公告)日：2023-05-16

申请号：US16603623

申请日：2018-07-30

Applicant: Ciena Corporation

Inventor： Shahab Oveis Gharan ,  Mohammad Ehsan Seifi ,  Kim B. Roberts

IPC: H04L1/00 ,  H03M13/25 ,  H03M13/29 ,  H03M13/11 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H03M13/03 ,  G06F17/18 ,  G06F17/15

CPC classification number: H04L1/00 ,  G06F17/18 ,  H03M13/03 ,  H03M13/1125 ,  H03M13/253 ,  H03M13/29 ,  H03M13/2948 ,  H04L1/0041 ,  H04L1/0045 ,  H04L1/0063 ,  H04L1/0064 ,  H04L1/0066 ,  H04L1/203 ,  G06F17/156

Abstract: In data communications, a suitably designed contrast coding scheme, comprising a process of contrast encoding (108) at a transmitter end (101) and a process of contrast decoding (120) at a receiver end (103), may be used to create contrast between the bit error rates ‘BERs’ experienced by different classes of bits. Contrast coding may be used to tune the BERs experienced by different subsets of bits, relative to each other, to better match a plurality of forward error correction ‘FEC’ schemes (104, 124) used for transmission of information bits (102), which may ultimately provide a communications system (100) having a higher noise tolerance, or greater data capacity, or smaller size, or lower heat.

公开(公告)号：US11463105B2

公开(公告)日：2022-10-04

申请号：US17425396

申请日：2020-06-30

Applicant: Ciena Corporation

Inventor： Shahab Oveis Gharan ,  Mohammad Ehsan Seifi ,  Kim Roberts

IPC: H03M13/11 ,  H03M13/15 ,  H03M13/00 ,  H03M13/13 ,  H03M13/09

Abstract: A transmitter (200) generates (602) an encoded vector (404) by encoding (406) a data vector (402), the encoded vector representing payload information and parity information. The encoding is mathematically equivalent to calculating three or more forward error correction (FEC) codewords from the data vector and then calculating the encoded vector from the codewords, at least one codeword being calculated from at least one recursion of a mathematical operation, and at least one codeword comprising more than 6 terms. The transmitter transmits (604) a signal representing the encoded vector over a communication channel. A receiver (300) determines (702) a vector estimate (502) from the signal and recovers (716) the data vector from the vector estimate by sequentially decoding (706, 710, 714) the codewords, wherein at least one codeword that is decoded earlier in the decoding enhances an estimate of at least one codeword that is decoded later in the decoding.

公开(公告)号：US20200313764A1

公开(公告)日：2020-10-01

申请号：US16605324

申请日：2019-09-02

Applicant: Ciena Corporation

Inventor： Shahab Oveis Gharan ,  Michael Andrew Reimer ,  Andrew D. Shiner ,  Hamid Ebrahimzad ,  Maurice O'Sullivan ,  Kim B. Roberts

IPC: H04B10/079 ,  H04J14/00 ,  H04B10/50 ,  H04B10/66

Abstract: An optical transmitter (102,200) is operable to generate an optical signal (260) by modulating a number N of frequency divisional multiplexing (FDM) subcarriers using transformed digital signals which are determined by applying a pseudo FDM (pFDM) transformation to preliminary digital signals representative of multi-bit symbols. Rather than experiencing the effects of the number N of FDM channels, the optical signal experiences the effects of a different number M of pFDM channels, where M≠N. In some examples, the number M of pFDM channels is less than the number N of FDM channels, and frequency-dependent degradations may be averaged across different symbol streams. In other examples, the number M of pFDM channels is greater than the number N of FDM channels, and different symbol streams may experience different frequency-dependent degradations. An optical receiver (102,300) is operable to apply an inverse pFDM transformation to recover estimates of the multi-bit symbols.

公开(公告)号：US20240405880A1

公开(公告)日：2024-12-05

申请号：US18328027

申请日：2023-06-02

Applicant: CIENA CORPORATION

Inventor： Shahab Oveis Gharan ,  Yves Beaulieu ,  Douglas McGhan ,  Kim Byron Roberts

IPC: H04B10/516

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining two inputs xI and xQ based on a digital input signal, and causing a modulator to create two substantially orthogonal output dimensions I and Q based on the two inputs xI and xQ, by performing controlled introduction of a correlation between the two inputs xI and xQ for the modulator, and detecting a resulting output power of the modulator to facilitate operation of the modulator. Other embodiments are disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US11818242B2

公开(公告)日：2023-11-14

申请号：US17016616

申请日：2020-09-10

Applicant: Ciena Corporation

Inventor： Ahmad Abdo ,  Shahab Oveis Gharan ,  Sadok Aouini ,  Naim Ben-Hamida ,  Timothy James Creasy ,  Lukas Jakober ,  Yalmez M. A. Yazaw

IPC: H04B10/532 ,  H04L7/033 ,  H04B10/071 ,  H04B10/40 ,  H04B10/25 ,  H04B10/079

CPC classification number: H04L7/0331 ,  H04B10/071 ,  H04B10/0795 ,  H04B10/25 ,  H04B10/40 ,  H04B10/532

Abstract: An optical system includes a transmitter including transmitter circuitry configured to cause transmission of a transmitted optical signal over a fiber link on an X polarization and a Y polarization; and a receiver including receiver circuitry configured to receive a received optical signal from the fiber link on the X polarization and the Y polarization, wherein the transmitter circuitry is configured to cause State of Polarization (SOP) changes on the X polarization and the Y polarization for a test of the fiber link. The transmitter circuitry and the receiver circuitry are built-in with the transmitter and the receiver, respectively, for performance of the test.