公开(公告)号：US4928286A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-22

申请号：US222143

申请日：1988-07-21

Applicant: Kenneth M. Foreman ,  Algirdas Maciulaitis

Inventor： Kenneth M. Foreman ,  Algirdas Maciulaitis

IPC: H01S3/0979

CPC classification number: H01S3/0979 ,  Y10S372/701

Abstract: A visible, or near to mid infra-red, hypersonic gasdynamic laser system incorporated in a hypersonic vehicle which provides high enthalpy ram air for thermodynamic excitation of the laser gases. The hypersonic vehicle defines therein a laser cavity, and ram air directed therethrough supports gasdynamic lasing operations at wavelengths less than 10.6 .mu. meters. An optical train collects the laser radiation from the laser cavity and directs it as a substantially collimated laser beam to an output aperture defined by an opening in the hypersonic aircraft too allow the laser beam to be directed against a target. The present invention is particularly applicable to a hypersonic vehicle powered by a supersonic combustion ramjet engine. Electrical energy is also produced on-board the vehicle, using ram air, or ram air plus fuel combustion, as the power source and an electrical turbogenerator (or another equivalent electrical generator) connected to a supersonic turbine. Electrical energy from the electrical generator is supplied to a plurality of excitation electrodes positioned along the laser cavity walls of the laser cavity, to provide an electric field for electrical excitation of the lasing gases flowing through the laser cavity. A laser frequency agility control circuit is coupled between the electrical generator and the excitation electrodes, for controlling the electrical power and voltage supplied to the electrodes and the electric field generated thereby. This in turn controls the energy of the electrons introduced into the laser cavity, and thereby the wavelengths of laser radiation produced therein. Another significant feature of the subject invention is the provision of gas additive injection nozzles positioned near the entrance to the laser cavity to inject a lasing influencing gas, such as CO, NO, HCl or CS, into the airflow through the laser cavity, to influence lasing operation in the laser cavity.

Abstract translation: 结合在超音速车辆中的可见或近红外超声波气动激光系统，其提供用于激光气体的热力激发的高焓冲压空气。 超音速车辆在其中限定了激光腔，并且引导的冲压空气支持波长小于10.6μm的气体动力激光操作。 光学列车从激光腔收集激光辐射并将其作为基本准直的激光束引导到由超音速飞机中的开口限定的输出孔，也允许激光束被引导到目标上。 本发明特别适用于由超音速燃烧冲压喷气发动机驱动的超音速车辆。 使用冲压空气或冲压空气加燃料燃烧作为动力源和连接到超音速涡轮机的电动涡轮发电机（或另一等效发电机）也产生电能。 来自发电机的电能被提供给沿着激光腔的激光腔壁定位的多个激励电极，以提供用于激发流过激光腔的激光气体的电场。 激光频率敏捷度控制电路耦合在发电机和激励电极之间，用于控制提供给电极的电功率和电压以及由此产生的电场。 这进而控制引入激光腔的电子的能量，从而控制在其中产生的激光辐射的波长。 本发明的另一个重要特征是提供位于激光腔入口附近的气体添加剂注射喷嘴，以将影响激发的气体（例如CO，NO，HCl或CS）喷射到通过激光腔的气流中，以影响 激光腔中的激光操作。

公开(公告)号：US4849983A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-18

申请号：US135143

申请日：1987-12-18

Applicant: Michel Boivineau ,  Christophe Jouvet ,  Francois Piuzzi

Inventor： Michel Boivineau ,  Christophe Jouvet ,  Francois Piuzzi

IPC: B01J19/12 ,  H01S3/036 ,  H01S3/038 ,  H01S3/095 ,  H01S3/0953 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/223 ,  H01S3/225

CPC classification number: H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/036 ,  H01S3/038 ,  H01S3/225

Abstract: Process and apparatus for obtaining an excimer and application to a laser.The apparatus comprises a compression chamber (9), compressor (11) for compressing the gaseous mixture R+XY+M in the compression chamber (9), an expansion chamber (3) communicating at least one opening (23,23a) with the compression chamber (9), a vacuum pump (25) for producing within the expansion chamber (3) a pressure well below that prevailing in the compression chamber (9), the pressure difference between the compression and expansion chambers, the surface of the opening and the volume of the compression chamber being such that the gaeous mixture entering the compression chamber undergoes a supersonic adiabatic expansion with a Mach number at least equal to 10 and electrodes (27, 29, 27a, 29a) for producing an electric discharge (E) in the expansion chamber (3), downstream (x) of the opening (23, 23a) FIG. 2.

Abstract translation: 获得准分子和应用于激光的方法和设备。 该装置包括压缩室（9），用于压缩压缩室（9）中的气体混合物R + XY + M的压缩机（11），将至少一个开口（23,23a）与 压缩室（9），用于在膨胀室（3）内产生远低于压缩室（9）中的压力的​​真空泵（25），压缩室和膨胀室之间的压差，开口的表面 并且所述压缩室的体积使得进入所述压缩室的所述混合物经历至少等于10的马赫数的超音速绝热膨胀，以及用于产生放电（E）的电极（27,29,27a，29a） 在膨胀室（3）中，开口（23,23a）的下游（x） 2。

公开(公告)号：US4692928A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-08

申请号：US786058

申请日：1985-10-10

Applicant: Hardy P. Weiss

Inventor： Hardy P. Weiss

IPC: H01S3/03 ,  H01S3/036 ,  H01S3/038 ,  H01S3/07 ,  H01S3/0953 ,  H01S3/097 ,  H01S3/0979

CPC classification number: H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/03 ,  H01S3/036 ,  H01S3/038 ,  H01S3/073

Abstract: A method of lasing gas, a fast axial flow gas laser and an excitation tube for a fast axial flow gas laser are disclosed. Increased thermal energy per mass flow unit of the gas flowing through the excitation tube of the laser can be applied to the gas by controlling at least along a part of the tube the extent of a central area of higher speed gas flow which is surrounded by a circumferential low speed, speed dependent boundary layer by steadily varying the cross-section area of the excitation tube at least along the part thereof to compensate for the circumferential low speed boundary layer.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种激光气体的方法，快速轴流气体激光器和用于快速轴流气体激光器的激发管。 可以通过将至少沿着管的一部分控制高速气流的中心区域的范围来控制流过激光器的激发管的气体的每质量流量单位的每热质量流量单位的热能， 通过至少沿着其一部分稳定地改变激励管的横截面面积来补偿周向低速边界层，从而使圆周低速，速度相关的边界层。

公开(公告)号：US4625316A

公开(公告)日：1986-11-25

申请号：US661549

申请日：1984-10-17

Applicant: James P. O'Loughlin

Inventor： James P. O'Loughlin

IPC: H01S3/097 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/09

CPC classification number: H01S3/09707 ,  H01S3/097 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  Y10S372/701

Abstract: The reduction of the grazing angle of electrons in an electron gun with a cathode emitting a beam of electrons which pass through a thin foil into a chamber is accomplished by geometrically tailored electron gun foil supports. One embodiment of the invention replaces the conventional rectangular shaped ribs with a set of triangular shaped ribs which produce a grazing angle A given by the equation ##EQU1## where T=the base width of the ribS=space between ribs at the baseH=height of the ribA=the angle the rib side makes with the incident electron which is perpendicular to the baseA=also the angle the electron scatters at from the rib surface.Another embodiment of the tailored foil supports entails the addition of triangular shaped caps to existing rectangular shaped ribs. The resultant reduction of the grazing angle of electrons improves the transmission efficiency of the electron gun and reduces the heat buildup on the supports and foil.

Abstract translation: 通过几何定制的电子枪箔支撑件，可以实现电子枪中的电子的放射角的减小，该电子枪具有通过薄箔进入腔室的发射电子束的阴极。 本发明的一个实施例用一组三角形肋替代传统的矩形肋，其产生由等式给出的掠角A，其中T =肋的基本宽度S =在基部H = 肋的高度A =肋侧与垂直于基座的入射电子的角度A =也是电子从肋表面散射的角度。 定制箔片支架的另一实施例需要向现有的矩形肋条添加三角形形状的盖子。 由此导致的电子掠射角的减小改善了电子枪的传输效率，并减少了载体和箔片上的热积聚。

公开(公告)号：US4308507A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-29

申请号：US102470

申请日：1979-12-11

Applicant: Lyn D. Pleasance ,  John R. Murray ,  Julius Goldhar ,  Laird P. Bradley

Inventor： Lyn D. Pleasance ,  John R. Murray ,  Julius Goldhar ,  Laird P. Bradley

IPC: H01S3/0959 ,  H01S3/097 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/225 ,  H01S3/09

CPC classification number: H01S3/09707 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/225

Abstract: Method and apparatus for electrical excitation of a laser gas by application of a pulsed voltage across the gas, followed by passage of a pulsed, high energy electron beam through the gas to initiate a discharge suitable for laser excitation. This method improves upon current power conditioning techniques and is especially useful for driving rare gas halide lasers at high repetition rates.

Abstract translation: 用于通过在气体上施加脉冲电压来激发激光气体的方法和装置，随后脉冲的高能电子束通过气体以引发适于激光激发的放电。 该方法改进了当前的功率调节技术，并且特别适用于以高重复率驱动稀有气体卤化物激光器。

公开(公告)号：US4225831A

公开(公告)日：1980-09-30

申请号：US932592

申请日：1978-08-10

Applicant: Earl R. Ault ,  Mani L. Bhaumik

Inventor： Earl R. Ault ,  Mani L. Bhaumik

IPC: H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/223 ,  H01S3/09 ,  H01S3/14

CPC classification number: H01S3/2237 ,  H01S3/0979

Abstract: A donor gas, such as helium or argon, is pumped into a receiving end of a chamber formed with widely-diverging walls providing an expanded area at its delivery end. Electrodes mounted in the receiving end produce a potential capable of exciting the admitted gas into He.sub.2.sup.+ or argon metastables. An arc discharge is produced for the helium and a glow discharge for the argon. The excited donor then flows through the chamber to a diffusion mixer formed by an array of nozzles covering its expanded delivery end area where it continually mixes with an acceptor gas, such as N.sub.2, supplied through the nozzles. Mixing results in an electronic excitation energy transfer reaction in which the charge from the excited donor is transferred to the acceptor. An optical resonant cavity communicating with the nozzle array receives the excited acceptor and population inversion in the cavity generates a laser beam. With nitrogen, the emission is a continuous wave in the UV-visible region.

Abstract translation: 诸如氦气或氩气的供体气体被泵送到形成有广泛发散的壁的室的接收端中，在其输送端提供扩大区域。 安装在接收端的电极产生能够将进入的气体激发成He2 +或氩气亚稳态的电位。 产生氦气的电弧放电和氩气的辉光放电。 然后激发的供体流过腔室，由扩散混合器形成，该扩散混合器由覆盖其扩展的输送端区域的喷嘴阵列形成，其中它与通过喷嘴提供的受体气体（例如N 2）连续混合。 混合导致电子激发能量转移反应，其中来自激发供体的电荷被转移到受体。 与喷嘴阵列连通的光学谐振腔接收激发的受主并且在空腔中的群体反转产生激光束。 使用氮气时，发射是UV-可见光区域的连续波。

公开(公告)号：US4156828A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-29

申请号：US884736

申请日：1978-03-09

Applicant: Fritz Maisenhalder ,  Richard Jacobson ,  Wilhelm Schrenk

Inventor： Fritz Maisenhalder ,  Richard Jacobson ,  Wilhelm Schrenk

IPC: H01J17/26 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  H01J61/28 ,  H05H1/00

CPC classification number: H01J17/26 ,  H01S3/0979

Abstract: A glow discharge apparatus consists of a discharge tube with an anode at end and a cathode at the other end. The anode has a flat surface facing the end of the discharge tube, and gas enters the tube via an annular gap formed between the flat anode surface and the end of the tube. The gas flowing in is thus directed initially radially over the anode surface and helps to cool at this surface. It is advantageous if the anode is able to move axially to alter the width of the annular gap. The gas can flow into the annular gap at the speed of sound.

Abstract translation: 辉光放电装置由一端具有阳极的放电管和另一端的阴极组成。 阳极具有面向放电管的端部的平坦表面，并且气体通过形成在平坦的阳极表面和管的端部之间的环形间隙进入管。 因此，流入的气体最初径向地指向阳极表面并且有助于在该表面处冷却。 阳极能够轴向移动以改变环形间隙的宽度是有利的。 气体可以以声速流入环形间隙。

公开(公告)号：US4156208A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-22

申请号：US793520

申请日：1977-05-04

Applicant: Michael W. Sasnett

Inventor： Michael W. Sasnett

IPC: H01S3/0971 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/097

CPC classification number: H01S3/09713 ,  H01S3/0979

Abstract: A starter element for a high power gas transport laser having cathode and anode electrodes connected across a constant current DC power supply comprises a wire-like conductor connected in parallel with the cathode to the negative terminal of the power supply and extending between the cathode and anode parallel to the gas flow transversely of and spaced closely to the middle of the cathode. The free end of the starter element extends approximately 1 cm. beyond the downstream edge of the cathode and, when the output potential of the DC power supply is applied, causes a breakdown of the gas due to the high field strength at the starter end, producing an electrical discharge between that end and the central portion of the cathode. This induces the main electric discharge between the cathode and anode. In a laser having two or more sets of cathode-anode electrodes, a starter element for each cathode is connected to the power supply in parallel with the other starter elements through a series-connected resistor and a diode which electrically isolate the starter elements from each other.

Abstract translation: 用于具有连接在恒定电流DC电源上的阴极和阳极电极的高功率气体输送激光器的起动元件包括与阴极并联连接到电源的负极并在阴极和阳极之间延伸的线状导体 平行于阴极的中部横向并间隔开的气体流。 起动元件的自由端延伸约1厘米。 超过阴极的下游边缘，并且当施加直流电源的输出电位时，由于起动端的高场强导致气体的击穿，从而在该端和中心部分之间产生放电 阴极。 这引起阴极和阳极之间的主放电。 在具有两组或更多套阴极 - 阳极电极的激光器中，用于每个阴极的起动元件通过串联连接的电阻器和将起动器元件与每个阴极电极电气隔离的二极管与其它起动器元件并联连接到电源 其他。

公开(公告)号：US4096449A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-20

申请号：US759461

申请日：1977-01-14

Applicant: Jack D. Foster

Inventor： Jack D. Foster

IPC: B01J19/08 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/097

CPC classification number: H01S3/0979 ,  B01J19/088

Abstract: Apparatus is described for producing an electric glow discharge in gas flowing along a channel with the discharge extending in a direction generally transverse to the flow, such apparatus including a first electrode disclosed adjacent a first wall of the flow channel and a generally planar second electrode disposed adjacent a second wall of the flow channel opposed to the first wall, the second electrode being formed of a material having a resistivity in the range of 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.6 ohm-centimeters. Means for electrically energizing the first and second electrodes to establish the glow discharge are also provided.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于在沿着通道流动的气体中产生电辉光放电的装置，其中放电沿大致横向于流动的方向延伸，这种装置包括邻近流动通道的第一壁所公开的第一电极和设置在大致平面的第二电极 邻近与第一壁相对的流动通道的第二壁，第二电极由具有102至106欧姆厘米范围内的电阻率的材料形成。 还提供了用于对第一和第二电极进行电激励以建立辉光放电的装置。

公开(公告)号：US3921098A

公开(公告)日：1975-11-18

申请号：US51012074

申请日：1974-09-27

Applicant: AVCO EVERETT RES LAB INC

Inventor： HOAG ETHAN D

IPC: H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/22

CPC classification number: H01S3/0979

Abstract: The working parts of a flowing gas laser are enclosed within a pressurized housing. An ionizer is mounted in proximity to the working region such that generated electrons pass into the working region wherein lasing action occurs.

Abstract translation: 流动气体激光器的工作部件被封装在加压壳体内。 电离器安装在工作区域附近，使得所产生的电子进入其中发生激光作用的工作区域。