公开(公告)号：US5502312A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-26

申请号：US223185

申请日：1994-04-05

申请人： John L. Lorenzo

发明人： John L. Lorenzo

IPC分类号： B65H7/12 ,  B65H7/14 ,  G06K13/067 ,  G01N21/32 ,  G01J1/32

CPC分类号： B65H7/125 ,  G06K13/067 ,  B65H2511/22 ,  B65H2511/514 ,  B65H2511/524 ,  B65H2515/60 ,  B65H2553/412 ,  B65H2557/23 ,  B65H2557/33 ,  B65H2557/61 ,  B65H2701/1311 ,  B65H2701/1313 ,  B65H2701/1912 ,  G03G2215/0035

摘要： An electro-optical system for double document detection wherein an improved calibration is employed. A microcontroller generates a series of increasingly wider pulses, which are transformed into a series of respective increasingly higher ramp pulses to drive a light emitter at gradually increased power until a predetermined value of an output signal of a light detector is achieved. Then the pulse width corresponding to the predetermined value of the output signal is fixed. During feeding of documents, the microcontroller monitors the output signal to determine a double-feed document condition if the output signal exceeds a predetermined value. To detect a "true" double-feed document condition, a software timer counts a prolongation of the alteration of the output signal. Also, in order not to miss a "true" double-feed document condition when the area of overlapping is small, the distance between a front edge of the first overlapped document and a rear edge of the last overlapped document is measured. The system also declares a double-feed document condition if a space between two fed documents is no greater than a predetermined value. The system also provides a safety circuit to protect the light emitter from excessive power dissipation. If the situation of power down in the system occurs, a recalibration is not needed, since the system is provided with a non-volatile memory to store the fixed width. Each stage of the system is indicated by LEDs.

摘要翻译： 一种用于双文件检测的电光系统，其中采用改进的校准。 微控制器产生一系列越来越宽的脉冲，其被变换成一系列相应越来越高的斜坡脉冲，以逐渐增加的功率驱动光发射器，直到达到光检测器的输出信号的预定值。 然后，与输出信号的预定值对应的脉冲宽度是固定的。 在文档馈送期间，如果输出信号超过预定值，则微控制器监视输出信号以确定双馈原稿条件。 为了检测“真实的”双进纸文档条件，软件定时器计数输出信号的更改的延长。 此外，为了在重叠区域小的情况下不错过“真实的”双面送稿文件条件，测量第一重叠文档的前边缘与最后重叠文档的后边缘之间的距离。 如果两个送入的文档之间的空格不大于预定值，系统还会声明双重送入文档条件。 该系统还提供了一个安全电路，以保护光发射器免受过大的功耗。 如果发生系统掉电的情况，则不需要重新校准，因为系统具有用于存储固定宽度的非易失性存储器。 系统的每个阶段由LED指示。

公开(公告)号：US5391890A

公开(公告)日：1995-02-21

申请号：US43829

申请日：1993-04-06

申请人： Pier L. Migliorini

发明人： Pier L. Migliorini

IPC分类号： A41B11/14 ,  D06H3/08 ,  D06H3/16 ,  G01N21/89 ,  G01N21/898 ,  G01N33/36 ,  G01N21/32

CPC分类号： G01N33/367 ,  G01N21/8915

摘要： The apparatus has an optical reflecting sensor, an operational amplifier buffer with the electrical input connected to the output of the optical sensor, structure for averaging and delating a signal picked up at the output of the sensor, structure for the differential amplification of the signals on output respectively from the buffer and structure for comparing the signal outputting from the means with a known predetermined signal.

摘要翻译： 该装置具有光学反射传感器，具有连接到光学传感器的输出的电输入的运算放大器缓冲器，用于对在传感器的输出处拾取的信号进行平均和分级的结构，用于对信号进行差分放大的结构 分别从缓冲器和结构输出，用于将来自装置的信号输出与已知的预定信号进行比较。

公开(公告)号：US5256871A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-26

申请号：US994658

申请日：1992-12-22

申请人： Leo B. Baldwin

发明人： Leo B. Baldwin

IPC分类号： B65B57/02 ,  B07C5/12 ,  G01B11/24 ,  G01N21/90 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G01N21/32 ,  B07C5/342

CPC分类号： G01N21/9036 ,  B07C5/126 ,  G01B11/2433

摘要： An inspection machine for inspecting the profile of a vertically standing glass bottle comprising a conveyor for horizontally displacing a vertically standing glass container through an inspection location, a pair of diffused light sources located behind the conveyor for directing beams of light horizontally at a container located at the inspection location, the beams being sufficiently large so that the light beams will pass around the entire profile of a container located at the inspection station, a mirror pair located in front of the conveyor for receiving each of the light beams and redirecting the beam rearwardly, a reflecting prism having a pair of angularly related reflecting surfaces, a two-dimensional camera having an imaging surface, a pair of mirrors for receiving the beams redirected from each of the mirror pairs and redirecting the received beams to reflect off a corresponding one of the prism reflecting surfaces onto a corresponding half of the imaging surface, means for evaluating the profile of both container images on the imaging surface, each of the mirrors receiving the light beam at an angle of no more than about 45.degree..

摘要翻译： 一种用于检查垂直玻璃瓶的轮廓的检查机，包括用于水平移动垂直站立的玻璃容器通过检查位置的传送器，位于传送器后面的一对漫射光源，用于将光束水平地引导到位于 检查位置，光束足够大，使得光束将绕过位于检查站的容器的整个轮廓，位于传送器前面的反射镜对，用于接收每个光束并将光束向后重定向 具有一对角度相关的反射表面的反射棱镜，具有成像表面的二维照相机，一对反射镜，用于接收从每个镜像对重定向的光束，并重定向接收的光束以反射出相应的一个 棱镜反射表面到成像表面的相应一半上，用于 评估成像表面上的两个容器图像的轮廓，每个反射镜以不大于约45°的角度接收光束。

公开(公告)号：US4619527A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-28

申请号：US559802

申请日：1983-12-09

申请人： Rolf Leuenberger ,  Christian Hunziker

发明人： Rolf Leuenberger ,  Christian Hunziker

IPC分类号： G01N21/89 ,  D06H3/08 ,  G01N21/898 ,  G01N21/956 ,  G06K9/08 ,  G01N21/16 ,  G01N21/32

CPC分类号： G01N21/95623 ,  G01N21/95607

摘要： A boundary or line-detecting process using image-filtering is used to detect fabric faults in moving textile fabric webs. A double-slit mask or an electrical equivalent thereof is used as a filter. The output signal of the filter is formed from the difference between the two luminosity values averaged across each slit of the filter mask. The image-filtering system is realized either by non-coherent optical spatial filters or by means of digital electronic circuits. The surface of the fabric web generally has a certain texture which already contains boundary and line elements. These basic values are used to derive fabric-specific parameters from which the boundary or line elements due to fabric faults are deducted. The boundary or line elements which remain, owing to their increased contrast, unambiguously indicate faults in the fabric web.

摘要翻译： 使用图像过滤的边界或线检测过程用于检测移动织物纤维网中织物的缺陷。 使用双狭缝掩模或其等效电极作为过滤器。 滤波器的输出信号由滤波器掩模的每个狭缝平均的两个亮度值之间的差异形成。 图像滤波系统由非相干光学空间滤波器或数字电子电路实现。 织物织物的表面通常具有已经包含边界和线元素的某种纹理。 这些基本值用于导出特定于织物的参数，从中扣除由于织物故障引起的边界或线元素。 由于对比度增加而保留的边界或线条元素明确地表示织物网中的故障。

公开(公告)号：US4401893A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-30

申请号：US288010

申请日：1981-07-29

申请人： Andre Dehuysser

发明人： Andre Dehuysser

IPC分类号： G01N21/896 ,  G01N21/32

CPC分类号： G01N21/896

摘要： An automatic optical inspection of a moving web of glass for defects is provided by transversely scanning a moving web of glass with a light source which is internally reflected within the glass and travels towards the edge of the glass when the scanning light source strikes defects within the web. The light leaving the edges of the glass as a result of internal reflection is captured on opposite edges of the glass web. The captured light is detected and converted to electrical signals which are utilized to determine whether defects are present in the glass web in accordance with the characteristics of the electrical signals so generated. An apparatus is provided for the inspection method which includes edge detectors having a mouthlike construction fitting over the edges of the glass web and collecting internally reflected radiation from the edges of the web and applying it to photomultiplier tubes which are cooled. The mouthlike structure is made completely light tight by having brushes mounted thereon which do not scratch or alter the glass product surface. The edge detectors are enslaved mechanically so as to follow the movements of the glass web so that the system will not disturb the manufacturing process. Since internal reflection is the detection mechanism, and dirt on the surface does not scatter light internally, this method differentiates between dirt, the detection of which is not desired, and defects in optical contact with and under the surface of the glass which are desired to be detected.

摘要翻译： 通过用玻璃内部反射的光源横向扫描移动的玻璃网，通过扫描光源在玻璃内部反射的玻璃内部反射并向玻璃的边缘移动时提供用于缺陷的玻璃的移动网状物的自动光学检查。 网络 作为内部反射的结果离开玻璃边缘的光被捕获在玻璃纤维网的相对边缘上。 捕获的光被检测并转换成电信号，该信号用于根据如此生成的电信号的特性来确定玻璃纤维网中是否存在缺陷。 提供了一种用于检查方法的装置，其包括边缘检测器，其边缘检测器具有口状结构，并且装配在玻璃纤维网的边缘上，并收集来自网状物的边缘的内部反射的辐射并将其施加到被冷却的光电倍增管。 通过安装在其上的不会刮擦或改变玻璃制品表面的刷子使得口状结构完全不透光。 边缘检测器机械地被奴役，以便跟随玻璃纤维网的移动，使得系统不会干扰制造过程。 由于内部反射是检测机构，并且表面上的污垢不会内部散射光，因此该方法区分了不期望的检测和不希望的玻璃的光学接触和表面下的缺陷。 被检测。

公开(公告)号：US4363118A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-07

申请号：US189355

申请日：1980-09-22

申请人： William R. Roach ,  Istvan Gorog

发明人： William R. Roach ,  Istvan Gorog

IPC分类号： G01B11/22 ,  G11B27/36 ,  G01N21/32

CPC分类号： G01B11/22

摘要： Apparatus provides an incident light beam which illuminates the surface of a grooved disc, having signal elements recorded therein in the form of a succession of spaced apart depressions, with a light spot that spans a plurality of convolutions of the groove. The structure of the groove convolutions and signal elements forms a two-dimensional diffraction grating which reflects light into a plurality of diffraction order beams. Photodetectors, respectively positioned to intercept several of the reflected beams provide outputs corresponding to the light power in the respective reflected beams. Estimations of signal element depth in the region illuminated by the light spot may be made from the measured light powers.

摘要翻译： 设备提供入射光束，其照射带槽盘的表面，其中以一系列间隔开的凹陷的形式记录信号元件，其中光斑跨过槽的多个圈。 沟槽卷积和信号元件的结构形成将光反射成多个衍射级光束的二维衍射光栅。 分别定位成截取多个反射光束的光电检测器提供对应于各个反射光束中的光功率的输出。 由光斑照射的区域中的信号元素深度的估计可以从测量的光功率进行。

公开(公告)号：US4352564A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-05

申请号：US155989

申请日：1980-05-30

申请人： William R. Roach

发明人： William R. Roach

IPC分类号： G01N21/95 ,  G11B7/0037 ,  G01N21/32

CPC分类号： G01N21/9506 ,  G11B7/00375

摘要： A defect detection apparatus is disclosed for optically inspecting a spiral groove of a video disc record by directing a coherent light beam at the grooved surface of the disc. The incident beam illuminates the grooved surface with a light spot that spans a plurality of groove convolutions. The structure of the illuminated region on the grooved surface serves as a diffraction grating for diffracting the incident beam into discrete diffraction orders. Relative motion is established between the disc surface and the incident beam in a manner causing the illuminating spot to rapidly scan the grooved surface in a coarse spiral pattern. A lens system is positioned to collect the light from a single beam of a particular group of non-zero diffraction order beams and to focus this non-zero order beam onto a photodetector. When a defect in the groove pattern exists in the illuminated region the measured power of the non-zero order beam will fall below its normal level. The fractional decrease in the measured power is an indication of the relative size of the defect.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种缺陷检测装置，用于通过将相干光束引导到盘的凹槽表面来光学地检查视盘记录的螺旋槽。 入射光束以带有多个凹槽卷积的光斑照亮带槽表面。 带槽表面上的照明区域的结构用作衍射光栅，用于将入射光束衍射成离散的衍射级。 以使得照明点以粗螺旋图案快速扫描带槽表面的方式在盘表面和入射光束之间建立相对运动。 透镜系统被定位成收集来自特定一组非零衍射级光束的单个光束的光并且将该非零阶光束聚焦到光电检测器上。 当照明区域存在凹槽图案中的缺陷时，非零阶光束的测量功率将降至其正常水平以下。 测量功率的分数下降是缺陷的相对大小的指示。

公开(公告)号：US4253768A

公开(公告)日：1981-03-03

申请号：US932235

申请日：1978-08-09

申请人： Nicholas Yaroshuk ,  Miklos Sarkozi ,  Robert C. Miller ,  Paul G. Kennedy

发明人： Nicholas Yaroshuk ,  Miklos Sarkozi ,  Robert C. Miller ,  Paul G. Kennedy

IPC分类号： G01N21/88 ,  G01N21/89 ,  G01N21/892 ,  G01N21/952 ,  G01N21/32

CPC分类号： G01N21/89

摘要： This invention is a system of automatically classifying defects both for sorting defective products (metallic surfaces, especially tube surfaces) as to the reworking operation required for correcting the defect, and for classifying the defect as to the preceding manufacturing operation which is the most probable cause of that defect and sending a signal to that operation to provide for adjustments to minimize future defects. The system uses a source of electromagnetic radiation (typically a laser beam which is scanned across the surface) and at least two sensors (adjusted such that the radiation is reflected from a defect-free surface principally received by one of the sensors but that there is a measured amount of radiation in the other sensor). An average signal of the principal sensor is developed as a function of scan position. Threshold circuitry detects when the ratio of sensor signal to average signal varies by a predetermined amount. Special circuitry is used to detect the essentially simultaneous occurrence of at least two different preselected combinations of signal variations to identify the type of defect.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种自动分类缺陷产品（金属表面，特别是管表面）的缺陷，用于校正缺陷所需的返工操作，以及用于对作为最可能原因的先前制造操作的缺陷进行分类的系统 并向该操作发送信号以提供调整以最小化未来的缺陷。 该系统使用电磁辐射源（通常是穿过表面扫描的激光束）和至少两个传感器（调整为使得辐射从主要由传感器之一接收的无缺陷表面反射，但是存在 在另一个传感器中测量的辐射量）。 主传感器的平均信号作为扫描位置的函数展开。 阈值电路检测传感器信号与平均信号的比率何时变化预定量。 特殊电路用于检测信号变化的至少两种不同预选组合的基本同时出现以识别缺陷的类型。

公开(公告)号：US4227091A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-07

申请号：US12046

申请日：1979-02-14

申请人： Erwin Sick

发明人： Erwin Sick

IPC分类号： G01N21/89 ,  G01N21/892 ,  G02B3/08 ,  G01N21/32

CPC分类号： G01N21/8903

摘要： Optical monitoring apparatus for detecting the angles at which light rays leave a material surface scanned by a light bead such as an incident laser beam includes a row of individual Fresnel lenses arranged edgewise directly adjacent each other to focus light leaving the surface onto respective arrays of photodetectors arranged in their focal planes.The outputs from the photodetectors are connected together by processing means to allow evaluation of their output signals. The row of Fresnel lenses may also be used for other optical monitoring purposes.

摘要翻译： 用于检测光线离开由诸如入射激光束的光束扫描的材料表面的角度的光学监视装置包括一排彼此直接相邻布置的各个菲涅耳透镜，以将离开该表面的光聚焦到相应的光电检测器阵列上 安排在他们的焦平面。 来自光电检测器的输出通过处理装置连接在一起，以便评估它们的输出信号。 菲涅尔透镜行也可用于其他光学监视目的。

公开(公告)号：US4205914A

公开(公告)日：1980-06-03

申请号：US902264

申请日：1978-05-02

申请人： Verner Anderson ,  Charles M. Hevenor, Jr. ,  David J. Logan ,  Leonard G. Rich

发明人： Verner Anderson ,  Charles M. Hevenor, Jr. ,  David J. Logan ,  Leonard G. Rich

IPC分类号： A24C1/04 ,  B26D5/34 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G01N21/32

CPC分类号： B26D5/007 ,  A24C1/04 ,  B26D5/34 ,  G06T1/0014

摘要： There is provided a digital device for creating a series of digital signals indicative of the profile in certain surface variations of a natural tobacco leaf. The light intensity characteristic of an emitted light from various locations on the natural tobacco leaf are scanned in succession across the leaf at parallel positions. The light intensity at the various locations creates a digital signal indicative of whether or not the light intensity is high, low or intermediate. The color profile of the leaf could be created by these signals; however, in accordance with the invention, a digital signal is created when the light intensity signal shifts from one value to another. At that time, a transition signal is created which can be combined to form a transition profile of the leaf which is indicative of the actual profile and color variations of the leaf itself. This information can be used for locating a wrapper cutter at the desired position on the leaf for subsequent cutting of the wrapper from the leaf.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于创建指示天然烟叶的某些表面变化中的轮廓的一系列数字信号的数字装置。 来自天然烟叶上各个位置的发射光的光强度特性在平行位置上连续地扫过叶片。 各个位置处的光强度产生指示光强度是高，低还是中等的数字信号。 可以通过这些信号创建叶子的颜色特征; 然而，根据本发明，当光强度信号从一个值转换到另一个值时，产生数字信号。 此时，产生了可以组合以形成叶子的转变轮廓的转变信号，其指示叶片本身的实际轮廓和颜色变化。 该信息可用于将包装刀具定位在叶片上的期望位置，以便随后从叶片切割包装纸。