公开(公告)号：US20040135089A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-15

申请号：US10475406

申请日：2003-10-22

发明人： Rolf Manz ,  Gerhard Steiner ,  Reinhard Wierling ,  Johann Schenkl ,  Martin Brabec

IPC分类号： G01J005/02 ,  G01N021/49

CPC分类号： G01N21/532 ,  F16N2250/34

摘要： The invention relates to a transmission sensor (1) for measuring the turbidity of a fluid, comprising a first and a second measuring section (2, 3). A transmitter (6) emits electromagnetic radiation into the two measuring sections (2, 3). A first receiver (14) is allocated to the first measuring section (2) and a second receiver (15) is allocated to the second measuring section (3). The transmitter (6) is inserted into a transmitter carrier (8) in such a way that the transmitter (6) is forced to adopt a predetermined oriented position. The receivers (14, 15) are inserted into a receiver carrier (18) in such a way that each of said receivers (14, 15) is forced to adopt a predetermined oriented position. A transmitter carrier holder (9) forcibly positions the transmitter carrier (8) in a predetermined location and a receiver carrier holder (19) forcibly positions the receiver carrier (18) in a predetermined location.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于测量流体浊度的传动传感器（1），包括第一和第二测量部分（2,3）。 发射机（6）向两个测量部分（2,3）发射电磁辐射。 第一接收器（14）被分配给第一测量部分（2），第二接收器（15）被分配给第二测量部分（3）。 发射机（6）被插入到发射机载体（8）中，使得发射机（6）被迫采取预定的取向位置。 接收器（14,15）以这样的方式插入接收器载体（18）中，使得每个所述接收器（14,15）被迫采用预定的取向位置。 发射机载体保持器（9）将发射机载体（8）强制定位在预定位置，并且接收机载体保持器（19）将接收机载体（18）强制地定位在预定位置。

公开(公告)号：US20040011975A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-22

申请号：US10196714

申请日：2002-07-17

发明人： David F. Nicoli ,  Paul Toumbas

IPC分类号： G01N015/06 ,  G01N021/49

CPC分类号： G01N15/0205 ,  G01N15/1429 ,  G01N15/1459 ,  G01N2015/0053 ,  G01N2015/0238 ,  G01N2015/1486

摘要： A single-particle optical sensor, which has high sensitivity and responds to relatively concentrated suspensions, uses a relatively narrow light beam to illuminate an optical sensing zone nonuniformly. The zone is smaller than the flow channel so that the sensor responds to only a fraction of the total number of particles flowing through the channel, detecting a statistically significant number of particles of any relevant diameter. Because different particle trajectories flow through different parts of the zone illuminated at different intensities, it is necessary to deconvolute the result. Two methods of deconvolution are used: modified matrix inversion or successive subtraction. Both methods use a few basis vectors measured empirically or computed from a theoretical model, and the remaining basis vectors are derived from these few. The sensor is compensated for turbidity. Several embodiments are disclosed employing light-extinction or light-scattering detection, or both.

公开(公告)号：US20030080304A1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-01

申请号：US10003964

申请日：2001-10-31

申请人： Flow-Rite Controls, Inc.

发明人： Daniel N. Campau

IPC分类号： G01N015/06 ,  G01N021/49

CPC分类号： G01F23/2922 ,  A01G27/008 ,  G01N21/3554 ,  Y02A40/282

摘要： The present invention is directed to an apparatus and a process which is low-cost, simple to use, reliable and long-lived and will effectively monitor the moisture condition of a volume of soil. In accordance with the invention, a light transmitting rod is placed into the soil so that its lower end is within the soil and its upper end is visible from outside the soil volume. The lower end of the rod is beveled to reflect light entering the rod from its upper end back toward the upper end. In accordance with the method of the present invention, observance of the presence or absence of light at the upper end of the rod determines the moisture content of the soil. That is, the presence of light confirms that the soil is dry, whereas the absence of light (a dark end) confirms that the soil is moist. In accordance with the apparatus of the present invention, the rod is placed into the soil and a light sensor is placed adjacent to or on the upper end of the rod to control a pump or valve for providing water to the soil.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种低成本，易于使用，可靠和长寿命的装置和方法，并且将有效地监测一定体积土壤的湿度状况。 根据本发明，透光杆被放置在土壤中，使得其下端在土壤中，并且其上端从土体外部可见。 杆的下端被倾斜以反射从其上端朝向上端进入杆的光。 根据本发明的方法，在杆的上端观察光的存在或不存在确定了土壤的含水量。 也就是说，光的存在证实土壤是干燥的，而没有光（黑暗的一面）证实土壤是潮湿的。 根据本发明的装置，将杆放置在土壤中，并且将光传感器放置在杆的上端附近或上方，以控制用于向土壤提供水的泵或阀。

公开(公告)号：US20020148987A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-17

申请号：US09835913

申请日：2001-04-16

申请人： Valeo Electrical Systems, Inc.

发明人： Peter A. Hochstein

IPC分类号： G01N015/06 ,  G01N021/49

CPC分类号： B60S1/0822 ,  B60S1/0833 ,  B60S1/0844 ,  G06K9/00791

摘要： A method and assembly for sensing moisture on the exterior surface of a sheet of glass (14) comprising the steps of emitting light rays from an illuminator (12) on an illuminator axis (I) intersecting the glass (14) at an illuminator angle of incidence Inull to reflect the light rays on a reflection axis (R) at an angle (Rnull) of reflection to the glass (14) and capturing on an imaging axis (C) the reflected light rays including reflections of moisture (19) on the exterior surface of the glass (14). The method is characterized by isolating the reflection of moisture (19) from the direct reflection of the illuminator (12) to prevent the capture of the direct reflection of the illuminator (12). This can be accomplished by offsetting the imaging axis (C) from the reflection axis (R), or by stopping the direct reflection of the illuminator (12) from being captured, as with a beam stop (24).

摘要翻译： 一种用于感测玻璃板（14）的外表面上的水分的方法和组件，包括以下步骤：在与所述玻璃（14）相交的照明器轴线（I）处的照明器（12）处以照射器角度 将反射轴（R）的反射轴（R）反射到玻璃（14）的角度（Rθ）并且在成像轴（C）上捕获包含水分（19）的反射光的反射光线 玻璃（14）的外表面。 该方法的特征在于隔离水分（19）与照射器（12）的直接反射的反射，以防止捕获照射器（12）的直接反射。 这可以通过将成像轴线（C）从反射轴线（R）偏移，或者通过停止照射器（12）的直接反射而被捕获来实现，如同光束停止器（24）一样。

公开(公告)号：US20020060301A1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-23

申请号：US09811059

申请日：2001-03-15

发明人： Markus Probst

IPC分类号： G01N021/49

CPC分类号： G01N21/49 ,  G01N2021/4726

摘要： An apparatus for performing scattered radiation measurements in fluids comprising a sender (1)-for example a light source-to directly emit radiation into the fluid (5), a detector (2) to measure scattered radiation in the fluid, at least one separator (4) that is provided between the fluid and the sender and between the fluid and the detector, and that allows radiation to pass through it, wherein, at least one optical deflection element (8, 9) is provided between the sender and the separator and/or between the detector and the separator, in order to deflect the emitted beam/the scattered beam toward the perpendicular onto the separator. This scattered radiation measuring apparatus is characterized by having a very compact design.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在流体中进行散射辐射测量的装置，包括发射器（1） - 例如光源 - 将辐射直接发射到流体（5）中，用于测量流体中的散射辐射的检测器（2），至少一个分离器 （4），其设置在流体和发送器之间以及流体和检测器之间，并且允许辐射通过它，其中在发送器和分离器之间提供至少一个光学偏转元件（8,9） 和/或在检测器和分离器之间，以便将发射的光束/散射光束朝向垂直线偏转到分离器上。 这种散射辐射测量装置的特征在于具有非常紧凑的设计。

公开(公告)号：US20020018204A1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-14

申请号：US09915308

申请日：2001-07-27

发明人： Bernd Sachweh ,  Camiel Heffels ,  Matthias Radle ,  Helmut Biermann ,  Hans Jurgen Eisen ,  Jurgen Ettmuller ,  Johannes G. Reuvers

IPC分类号： G01N021/49

CPC分类号： G01N15/0211

摘要： The present invention creates an apparatus for determining physical collective parameters of particles in gases, which comprises a measuring chamber with light entrance ports (121) and exit ports (123, 124) for electromagnetic radiation, an emission source (113) for electromagnetic radiation being provided and at least two detection apparatuses (114, 115) for determining the intensity of electromagnetic radiation scattered at the particles being provided, and the detection apparatuses (114, 115) detecting electromagnetic radiation of different scattering regions. The present invention further creates a method for determining physical collective parameters of particles in gases, the particles being exposed to electromagnetic radiation which is scattered at the particles, wherein the intensities of the scattered radiation of at least two different scattering regions are determined and their ratio is taken subsequently. Particularly in gases which contain particles in a wide size range, the present apparatus according to the invention and the method according to the invention permit the exact determination of aerosol particles of less than 10 nullm, in particular of less than 5 nullm. With the aid of one variant, it is possible to carry out simultaneous determination of coarse particles with a mean particle size of more than 10 nullm, for example droplets or dusts. Such an apparatus and the method according to the invention are used, in particular, to analyze waste gases in process plants.

摘要翻译： 本发明创造出一种用于确定气体中颗粒的物理共同参数的装置，其包括具有用于电磁辐射的光入口（121）和出射端口（123,124）的测量室，用于电磁辐射的发射源（113） 以及至少两个用于确定在所提供的颗粒处散射的电磁辐射强度的检测装置（114,115）和检测不同散射区域的电磁辐射的检测装置（114,115）。 本发明还创建了一种用于确定气体中颗粒的物理共同参数的方法，所述颗粒暴露于在颗粒处散射的电磁辐射，其中确定至少两个不同散射区域的散射辐射的强度，并且其比例 随后被采取。 特别是在含有大尺寸范围的颗粒的气体中，根据本发明的本发明的装置和根据本发明的方法可以精确测定小于10um，特别是小于5um的气溶胶颗粒。 借助于一个变体，可以同时测定平均粒度大于10um的粗颗粒，例如液滴或粉尘。 特别是使用本发明的这种设备和方法来分析过程工厂中的废气。

公开(公告)号：US20040114140A1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-17

申请号：US10466953

申请日：2004-01-23

发明人： Roger John White

IPC分类号： G01N021/00 ,  G01N021/49

CPC分类号： G02B6/42 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G02B6/3512 ,  G02B6/3528 ,  G02B6/3548 ,  G02B6/3598

摘要： A particle characterisation apparatus (10) (FIG. 1) comprises a test cell (12) arranged to contain a sample, or test medium, (14) and an optical radiation source (16) aligned so that it emits radiation directed to be incident on the test medium (14). The optical radiation incident on the test medium (14) is scattered and the scattered components are collected by optical waveguides (18) having collecting terminations (20) radially disposed about the test cell (12) at predetermined angular positions. The collected optical radiation is carried by the waveguides from the test cell and emitted through radiation emitting terminations (24) into detection means (22). The detection means (22) comprises detectors (28) mounted on a rotatable carrier (30) and disposed in alignment with the radiation emitting terminations to detect the optical radiation being emitted therefrom. In use, each detector (28) is rotated to sequentially detect the radiation emitted from each emitting termination (24) in turn.

摘要翻译： 颗粒表征装置（10）（图1）包括布置成容纳样品或测试介质（14）的测试电池（12）和对准的发射光源（16），以使其发射指向入射的辐射 在测试介质（14）上。 入射在测试介质（14）上的光学辐射被散射，并且散射的分量由具有在预定角度位置处围绕测试电池（12）放射状设置的收集终端（20）的光波导（18）收集。 所收集的光辐射由来自测试单元的波导承载，并通过辐射发射终端（24）发射到检测装置（22）中。 检测装置（22）包括安装在可旋转载体（30）上并与辐射发射终端对准设置的检测器（28），以检测从其发射的光辐射。 在使用中，旋转每个检测器（28）以依次检测从每个发射终端（24）发射的辐射。

公开(公告)号：US20040089825A1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-13

申请号：US10655605

申请日：2003-09-04

发明人： Heinrich Schwenke ,  Joachim Knoth ,  Eckard Jantzen

IPC分类号： G01N015/06 ,  G01N021/49

CPC分类号： B01L3/0268 ,  B01L2200/061 ,  B01L2200/143 ,  B01L2400/0439 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N2015/1406 ,  G01N2035/1034

摘要： In an apparatus for the conversion of a continuous liquid stream into a stream of liquid droplets, which are discharged from a discharge nozzle of the capillary through which the liquid stream is conducted, a flow acceleration device is disposed on the capillary near the discharge nozzle thereof for accelerating the droplet stream depending on a first electrical signal, which is applied to the acceleration device, and a second electrical signal which is generated by a laser detection means provided for sensing laser light of a beam directed through the travel path of the droplets to the detection means for sensing the passage of a droplet and means for generating from the first and second electrical signals a time nullt which indicates the time needed for a liquid droplet to travel from the discharge nozzle to the laser light beam.

摘要翻译： 在用于将连续液体流转换成从液体流通过的毛细管的排出喷嘴排出的液滴流的装置中，流量加速装置设置在其排出喷嘴附近的毛细管上 用于根据施加到加速装置的第一电信号加速液滴流;以及由激光检测装置产生的第二电信号，激光检测装置用于感测通过液滴的行进路径引导的光的激光， 用于感测液滴通过的检测装置和用于从第一和第二电信号产生指示液滴从排出喷嘴行进到激光束所需的时间的时间Deltat的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20040011974A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-22

申请号：US10057779

申请日：2002-01-24

申请人： Rion Co., Ltd.

发明人： Tomonobu Matsuda ,  Takashi Minakami ,  Kenji Sasaki ,  Tsutomu Nakajima

IPC分类号： G01N015/06 ,  G01N021/49 ,  G01N021/85

CPC分类号： G01N15/1436 ,  G01N21/53

摘要： According to the present invention, there is provided a light scattering type particle detector, using a semiconductor laser as a light source, for detecting particles contained in sample fluid which defines a flow path, wherein laser light generated from the semiconductor laser is irradiated to irradiate a region of the flow path with a concave mirror and thereby a particle detecting region is defined. According to the present invention, there is also provided a laser oscillator wherein the optical axis of a semiconductor laser for generating pumping laser light has a predetermined angle with respect to the optical axis of a laser medium for irradiating laser light by pumping. Using such a laser oscillator, laser light irradiated from the laser oscillator is condensed to irradiate a region of a flow path defined by sample fluid, and thereby a particle detecting region is defined. Particles contained in the particle detecting region are detected by receiving scattered light with a light receiving portion.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明，提供了一种使用半导体激光器作为光源的光散射型粒子检测器，用于检测限定流路的样品流体中包含的颗粒，其中照射从半导体激光器产生的激光以照射 定义具有凹面镜的流路的区域，从而确定粒子检测区域。 根据本发明，还提供了一种激光振荡器，其中用于产生泵浦激光的半导体激光器的光轴相对于用于通过泵浦照射激光的激光介质的光轴具有预定的角度。 使用这样的激光振荡器，从激光振荡器照射的激光被冷凝，照射由样品流体限定的流路的区域，从而定义了粒子检测区域。 通过用光接收部接收散射光来检测包含在粒子检测区域中的粒子。

公开(公告)号：US20030155538A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-21

申请号：US10369084

申请日：2003-02-18

发明人： Georg Siepmann

IPC分类号： G01N015/06 ,  G01N021/49

CPC分类号： G01F23/2927 ,  G02B6/0038 ,  Y10S250/904

摘要： In a method of optically determining a level of liquid in a liquid-filled container a light guide body projects into the container. The light guide body has an end face for the entry and exit of light and stepped side faces forming separate reflection faces. The light is totally reflected at those reflection faces which are not immersed in the liquid but refracted into the liquid at immersed reflection faces. The totally reflected light is reflected back to the end face. The intensity of the light beam reflected totally by each reflection face back to the end face is measured separately. Measurement signals for determining the filling level are subjected to plausibility checking to recognise and eliminate measurement faults and errors. The invention can be used for determining the level of liquid in a container or tank for fuel, washing water, oil, hydraulic fluid and the like in a motor vehicle.

摘要翻译： 在光学确定液体填充容器中的液体水平的方法中，导光体突出到容器中。 导光体具有用于光的入射和出射的端面，并且台阶侧面形成分开的反射面。 这些光在没有浸没在液体中的反射面上被全反射，而在浸入的反射面中被折射成液体。 全反射光被反射回端面。 分别测量每个反射面全部反射到端面的光束的强度。 用于确定填充水平的测量信号经过合理性检查以识别和消除测量故障和误差。 本发明可用于确定机动车辆中用于燃料，洗涤水，油，液压油等的容器或罐中的液体的液面。