摘要:
There is disclosed a method of controlling, and a control system for, an apparatus, such as a machine tool (100), for forming a straight configured contour, or a straight configured segment forming part of a curvilinear contour, and having co-ordinates in at least two directions (X, Y and Z), said apparatus incorporating a work piece support (102), a contour forming means, such as a milling cutter (107), incremental drives (M.sub.X, M.sub.Y and M.sub.Z) to effect relative movement between said support (102) and said milling cutter (107) in said directions, and involving determining the components of said contour or segment in said directions (X, Y and Z) as a number of increments of length equal to a predetermined distance, providing a continuous feed of input pulses in a computer (S B C), continuously counting in the S B C, in respect of each said direction, a predetermined number of input pulses in the ratio of the inverses of said number of increments, and subsequently feeding via motor control (MCB) and motor drive (MDB) boards,(i) a drive pulse to one of said incremental drives (M.sub.X, M.sub.Y or M.sub.Z) to effect movement in one of said direct directions (X, Y or Z) over said predetermined distance each time the predetermined number of input pulses relevant to that direction have been counted, and(ii) a drive pulse to at least one other of said incremental drives (M.sub.X, M.sub.Y or M.sub.Z) to effect movement in one other of said directions (X, Y or Z) over the same predetermined distance each time the predetermined number of input pulses relevant to that direction have been counted,whereby said movements combine to form a relative movement between said support (102) and said milling cutter (107) such as to produce said contour or said segment.
摘要:
A touch pad machine control system uses a touch pad having an overlay to define control strip surface areas which perform different functions. The contact of an operator's finger along one of the defined control strips selects a desired function and produces the desired machine motion from the rate, distance or duration of finger contact according to the desired function. The result is equivalent control motion without the need for moving parts.
摘要:
Grinding apparatus and control system for forming non-circular punching tools comprising a grinding wheel having a cylindrical grinding surface, a rotary table with its axis parallel to the grinding wheel axis and carrying orthogonally movable slides such that one slide at a time may be actuated to generate successive flat sides of a punching tool, the table axis being positionable to define a center of rotation for an arcuate face of the punching tool which is generated upon rotation of the table, a fixture for the grinding wheel dressing tool serving to automatically define the location of the grinding wheel surface relative to the axis of the rotary table, and a computer-controlled digital system which senses the shape to be formed, parameters of the shape to be formed and which causes the slides or rotary table to be properly actuated so as to grind a punching tool of appropriate size and shape.
摘要:
A dimension comparator for machine tools is disclosed wherein a first comparator compares a theoretical numerical dimension with an actual dimension as determined by a position measurer. After it is determined that the actual dimension is greater or less than the theoretical dimension, a second comparator compares the actual dimension to a numerical value representing the theoretical dimension plus or minus the numerical value of an aiming interval. This representative numerical value is determined by an adder controlled by the output of the first comparator. In an alternative embodiment, means are provided for controlling the adder to add predetermined increments to the theoretical dimension for comparison in the second comparator.
摘要:
A computer numerical control (CNC) machine includes a case, a communication plug, a first switch, a number of second switches, and a control circuit. The control circuit includes a first switch control unit to receive a first switch signal from the first switch, a second switch control unit to receive second switch signals from the second switches, a control unit, a command signal converting unit, a pulse signal generating unit, and an operation signal output unit. The control unit receives the first and second switch signals, determines the work mode of the CNC machine according to the first switch signal, and convert the second switch signals to command signals. The command signal converting unit converts the command signals into operation signals. The pulse signal generating unit generates pulse signals. The operation signal output unit outputs the operation signals and the pulse signals to the CNC machine via the communication plug.
摘要:
An operating device for a CNC machine includes an operating portion, an encoder, a memory unit, a microprocessor, a display unit, and a controller. The operating portion includes a rotary button and a confirm button. The encoder is connected to the rotary button and the confirm button for generating corresponding position codes. The memory unit stores a number of function menus corresponding to a number of operating instructions. The microprocessor is connected between the encoder and the memory unit for receiving the position codes from the encoder and invoking the corresponding function menus from the memory unit. The display unit is connected to the microprocessor for displaying the function menus. The controller is connected to the microprocessor for executing input instructions.
摘要:
In order to permit manual operation under a condition where the axial direction of a tool and the direction of a hole to be machined in a workpiece are held in agreement, the tool of a radius .gamma. is rotated by .theta. in the vertical rotational direction and by .rho. in the horizontal rotational direction in a orthogonal coordinate system and in a spherical coordinate system the origins of which coincide with the center of rotation of the tool. Upon doing so, in the orthogonal coordinates, the position of the front end of the tool becomes X.sub.0 =.gamma. sin .theta..multidot.cos .rho., Y.sub.0 =.gamma. sin .theta..multidot.sin .rho. and Z.sub.0 =.gamma. cos .theta.. Therefore, a train of pulses (Hp) from a manual pulse generator are distributed as X-, Y- and Z-axial components in the proportion to the above values by a manual pulse distribution circuit, and motors for the respective axes are driven through servo circuits by the pulses.
摘要:
A shelf height selector system for a lift truck provides signals to an operator as he raises or lowers a load carriage relative to a storage shelf level selected by a keyboard in order to perform a store or retrieve operation, and automatically stops carriage movement with load forks at the proper elevation. Pulses from an incremental shaft encoder operated by carriage movement are counted to provide an instantaneous elevation signal upon which indications to the operator and control functions depend. A switch on the truck mast is operated by carriage movement to repeatedly recalibrate a register containing the instantaneous elevation signal, obviating any errors should noise affect tallying of encoder counts. An optical sensor carried on the load carriage to sense reflective markers adjacent some shelves also recalibrates the register, obviating positioning errors due to mast deflection and tire wear. Provision of a simple programming arrangement allows storage of shelf heights in a non-volatile random-access memory, affording the advantages of a field-programmable system.
摘要:
An adaptive position control system including X, Y and .theta. stages and their associated positioning and motion detection apparatus, position detection apparatus for detecting the position of the stages relative to a fixed reference, X and Y position control subsystems responsive to signals developed by the motion and position detection apparatus and operative to generate coarse mode and precision mode drive signals for application to the X and Y stage positioning apparatus, X and Y adjust subsystems for enabling adjustment of the position detection apparatus, and a .theta. adjust subsystem operative in a coarse mode and precision mode for adjusting of the angular orientation of the .theta. stage. Operator control input to the various subsystems is accomplished by means of a joystick control mechanism and central processing unit.