摘要:
A process for producing desulfurized alpha olefins may include reacting a conjugated diene compound and a hydrocarbon oil stream including alpha olefins in a Diels-Alder reactor at a temperature of 100° C. to 250° C. to form an effluent stream including adducts of the conjugated diene compound and the alpha olefins, subjecting the effluent stream to a hydrodesulfurization catalyst and a hydrogen stream in a hydrodesulfurization reactor to produce a hydrodesulfurized effluent stream including the adducts, a saturated C5+ hydrocarbon stream, and a gaseous stream, separating the adducts, the saturated C5+ hydrocarbon stream, and the gaseous stream, and cracking the adducts in a first thermal cracking reactor operating at a temperature greater than 250° C. to produce a decomposed adducts stream including an alpha olefin stream and a recovered conjugated diene compound stream, wherein the gaseous stream includes hydrogen, sulfides, C1-C4 saturated hydrocarbons, or combinations thereof.
摘要:
In accordance with one or more embodiments herein, an integrated process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil feed stream utilizing a delayed coker, steam enhanced catalytic cracker, and an aromatics complex includes solvent deasphalting the hydrocarbon oil stream; delayed coking the heavy residual hydrocarbons; hydrotreating the delayed coker product stream and the deasphalted oil stream to form a light C5+ hydrocarbon stream and a heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; passing at least a portion of the light steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, the heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, or both to a product separator to produce a olefin product stream, a naphtha product stream, and a BTX product stream; and processing the naphtha product stream in the aromatics complex to produce benzene and xylenes.
摘要:
A process and system for separating butenes and butanes by extractive distillation using a polar solvent is disclosed. The process may include: contacting a hydrocarbon mixture including butanes and butenes with a lean solvent mixture in an extractive distillation column to form an enriched solvent fraction comprising butenes; recovering an overheads fraction comprising butanes and a bottoms fraction from the extractive distillation column; feeding the bottoms fraction to a stripper including a stripping section and a wash section; recovering the lean solvent mixture as a bottoms fraction and a stripper overheads fraction comprising butenes and water from the stripper; condensing the overheads fraction to form a water fraction and a product butenes fraction; feeding water as reflux to a top of the stripper wash section; feeding at least a portion of the condensed water fraction intermediate the top and bottom of the stripper wash section as a second reflux.
摘要:
A method and system for conducting chromatographic analysis of a total vacuum resid to provide quantification of eight classes of compounds (i.e., asphaltenes, saturates, 1-4+ ring aromatics, sulfides, and polars) contained within the total vacuum resid without prior de-asphalting are disclosed. The system is also capable of conducting chromatographic analysis of a vacuum gas oils and de-asphalted oils to provide quantification of seven classes of compounds (i.e., saturates, 1-4+ ring aromatics, sulfides, and polars). The system is also capable of conducting chromatographic analysis of a resid to identity the presence of and provide quantification of asphaltenes.
摘要:
A process and system for separating butenes and butanes by extractive distillation using a polar solvent is disclosed. The process may include: contacting a hydrocarbon mixture including butanes and butenes with a lean solvent mixture in an extractive distillation column to form an enriched solvent fraction comprising butenes; recovering an overheads fraction comprising butanes and a bottoms fraction from the extractive distillation column; feeding the bottoms fraction to a stripper including a stripping section and a wash section; recovering the lean solvent mixture as a bottoms fraction and a stripper overheads fraction comprising butenes and water from the stripper; condensing the overheads fraction to form a water fraction and a product butenes fraction; feeding water as reflux to a top of the stripper wash section; feeding at least a portion of the condensed water fraction intermediate the top and bottom of the stripper wash section as a second reflux.
摘要:
The invention is a process for preparing lower olefins comprising: a) steam cracking a paraffinic feedstock to obtain a cracker effluent comprising olefins and saturated and unsaturated C4 hydrocarbons; b) contacting an oxygenate feedstock with a molecular sieve-comprising catalyst, at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 1000° C. to obtain an oxygenate conversion effluent comprising olefins and saturated and unsaturated C4 hydrocarbons; c) subjecting the cracker effluent and the oxygenate conversion effluent to one or more separation steps such that an olefin product stream comprising ethylene and/or propylene, and a stream comprising saturated and unsaturated C4 hydrocarbons are obtained; and d) subjecting part of the stream comprising C4 hydrocarbons from both the cracker effluent and the oxygenate conversion effluent to extractive distillation to obtain a stream enriched in unsaturated C4 hydrocarbons and a stream enriched in saturated C4 hydrocarbons.
摘要:
Processes for obtaining aromatic hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon mixture a1. Mixture a1 is extractively distilled with extractive solvent a2 producing mixture bl comprising solvent a2, aromatic hydrocarbons and high boilers, and nonaromatic hydrocarbon mixture b2. Mixture b1 is distilled to aromatic hydrocarbon c1 and solvent comprising high boilers c2. Substream dl is removed from c2 and c2 is recycled to extractive distillation. Substream d1 is extracted with water producing aqueous phase e1 and organic phase e2. Aqueous phase e1 is distilled and purified solvent a2 is recovered and recycled into extractive distillation of mixture b1. Substream e2′ is removed from organic phase e2 and recycled into extractive distillation of mixture b1. The amount of organic phase e2′ is such that when d1 comprising solvent, high boilers, water and circulated stream e2′ is dispersed, aqueous extract phase e1, forms a disperse phase and organic phase e2 a continuous phase.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for obtaining aromatic hydrocarbons selected from benzene, toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene and mixtures thereof from a hydrocarbon mixture which additionally comprises nonaromatic hydrocarbons and high boilers, comprising the steps of(A) providing a hydrocarbon mixture a1 and an extractive solvent a2 composed of N-formylmorpholine,(B) extractively distilling the hydrocarbon mixture a1 with the extractive solvent to obtain a mixture b1 of extractive solvent and the aromatic hydrocarbons, said mixture comprising high boilers, and a mixture b2 comprising nonaromatic hydrocarbons,(C) distilling the mixture b1 of extractive solvent and aromatic hydrocarbons obtained in step (B) to obtain one or more fractions c1 composed of aromatic hydrocarbons and the extractive solvent c2 which comprises high boilers,(D) removing a substream d1 from the extractive solvent c2 and recycling the extractive solvent c2 into the extractive distillation (B),(E) extracting the substream d1 of the extractive solvent with water to obtain an aqueous extract phase e1 essentially free of high boilers and an organic phase e2 comprising the high boilers,(F) distilling the aqueous extract phase e1 and recovering the extractive solvent a2 in purified form, and recycling the extractive solvent into the extractive distillation (B),wherein a substream e2′ is removed from the organic phase e2 comprising the high boilers and recycled into the extraction of step (E), the amount of the organic phase e2′ thus circulated being such that, when the substream d1 composed of extractive solvent comprising high boilers, water and circulated stream e2′ is dispersed, the aqueous extract phase e1 essentially freed of high boilers forms as a disperse phase, and the organic phase composed of high boilers e2 as a continuous phase.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for recovering polar hydrocarbons from non-polar hydrocarbons, such as aromatics from non-aromatics, naphthenes from paraffins and isoparaffins, or olefins from paraffins and isoparaffins, in feed mixtures containing at least a measurable amount of heavier hydrocarbons. According to the invention, an improved extractive distillation (ED) process is disclosed for recovering aromatic hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX aromatics) from the C6-C8 petroleum streams containing at least a measurable amount of C9+ hydrocarbons.The invention also relates to an improved ED process for recovering mainly benzene and toluene from the C6-C7 petroleum streams containing at least a measurable amount of C8+ hydrocarbons. This invention is further directed toward the regeneration and recovery of the ED solvent utilized to recover and purify the aromatic hydrocarbons from the petroleum stream containing at least a measurable amount of hydrocarbons heavier than intend feedstock.
摘要:
A top temperature T1 of a distillation tower 1 is held below a liquefying temperature of a light fraction by returning a part of an exhaust gas W, which is cooled by a condenser 5, to the upper zone of the distillation tower 1. A bottom temperature T2 is raised up to 300° C. at highest by returning a part of a liquid product P from a re-boiler 3 to a lower zone of the distillation tower 1. When a liquid hydrocarbon L comes in countercurrent contact with a stripping gas G inside the distillation tower 1 with the temperature profile that an inner temperature gradually falls down along an upward direction, mercury is efficiently transferred from the liquid L to a vapor phase without effusion of the light fraction in accompaniment with the exhaust gas W.