公开(公告)号：US09290041B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-22

申请号：US14727828

申请日：2015-06-01

申请人： Garth L Magee

发明人： Garth L Magee

IPC分类号： B60B1/02 ,  B62D35/00 ,  B60B7/00 ,  B60C11/03 ,  B60B1/00 ,  B60B1/04 ,  B60B1/06 ,  B60B3/08 ,  B60B3/10 ,  B60C11/11 ,  B60B3/00

CPC分类号： B62D35/00 ,  B60B1/00 ,  B60B1/003 ,  B60B1/02 ,  B60B1/0246 ,  B60B1/0261 ,  B60B1/041 ,  B60B1/06 ,  B60B3/00 ,  B60B3/007 ,  B60B3/02 ,  B60B3/08 ,  B60B3/10 ,  B60B7/00 ,  B60B7/0006 ,  B60B7/0066 ,  B60B2900/1216 ,  B60C11/03 ,  B60C11/0302 ,  B60C11/0306 ,  B60C11/0327 ,  B60C11/11 ,  B60C19/00 ,  B60C2011/0337 ,  B60C2200/10 ,  B60C2200/14 ,  B60Y2200/13 ,  B62D25/18 ,  B62D35/005 ,  B63B1/322 ,  B64C1/0009 ,  B64C31/028 ,  Y02T10/88 ,  Y10T29/49492

摘要： A streamlined tailfin rotatably attached to a bicycle wheel spoke reduces drag by swiveling as a wind vane in both headwinds and crosswinds.

摘要翻译： 可旋转地附接到自行车车轮辐条的流线型尾翼通过在逆风和侧风两者中作为风向标旋转而减小了阻力。

公开(公告)号：US08375675B1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-19

申请号：US12574493

申请日：2009-10-06

申请人： Ian M. Fernandez

发明人： Ian M. Fernandez

IPC分类号： E04H12/10

CPC分类号： E04C3/28 ,  B64B1/08 ,  B64C1/06 ,  B64C31/028

摘要： A truss beam comprised of a plurality of joined convex-curved rods with self-aligning adapters (SAA) adhesively attached at each end of the truss beam is disclosed. Shear web panels are attached to adjacent pairs of rods, providing buckling resistance for the truss beam. The rods are disposed adjacent to each other, centered around a common longitudinal axis, and oriented so that adjacent rod ends converge to at least one virtual convergence point on the common longitudinal axis, with the rods' curvature designed to increase prevent buckling for the truss beam. Each SAA has longitudinal bores that provide self-aligning of the rods in the SAA, the self-aligning feature enabling creation of strong adhesive bonds between each SAA and the rods. In certain embodiments of the present invention, pultruded unidirectional carbon fiber rods are coupled with carbon fiber shear web panels and metal SAA(s), resulting in a lightweight, low-cost but strong truss beam that is highly resistant to buckling.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种由多个连接的凸曲线杆组成的桁架梁，所述多个接合的凸曲杆具有粘合地附接在桁架梁的每个端部处的自对准适配器（SAA）。 剪切网板连接到相邻的杆对，为桁架梁提供抗压强度。 杆彼此相邻设置，围绕共同的纵向轴线居中，并且被定向成使得相邻的杆端部会聚到公共纵向轴线上的至少一个虚拟会聚点，其中杆的曲率设计成增加以防止桁架的屈曲 光束。 每个SAA都具有纵向孔，可以在SAA中提供杆的自对准，自对准特征使得能够在每个SAA和杆之间形成牢固的粘结。 在本发明的某些实施方案中，拉挤的单向碳纤维棒与碳纤维剪切腹板和金属SAA结合，导致轻度，低成本但强烈的桁梁，其抗弯曲性高。

公开(公告)号：US5370341A

公开(公告)日：1994-12-06

申请号：US223175

申请日：1994-04-05

申请人： Ross Leon

发明人： Ross Leon

IPC分类号： B64C27/10 ,  B64C31/028 ,  B64C27/00

CPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  B64C27/10 ,  Y10S244/90 ,  Y10S244/903

摘要： An ultralight helicopter has a pair of counter-rotating rotor assemblies which in combination yield zero net angular momentum when rotating at equal speeds. A single motor drives both rotors through a counter-rotating bevel gear set coupled to a pair of concentrically nested output shafts. In an alternative embodiment, the motor is coupled to the rotors through a hydraulic drive system which includes a hydraulic pump and at least one hydraulic motor driving each of the rotor assemblies. The pilot is advantageously suspended in a "hang-glider" type harness from a single hang point positioned proximate the center of lift of the helicopter. A control bar is fixedly mounted to the frame and is grasped by the pilot suspended in the harness. The pilot maneuvers the helicopter in both the pitch and roll directions by manipulating the control bar. The pilot shifts his own center of gravity relative to the center of gravity of the helicopter while grasping the control bar to thereby maneuver the helicopter.

摘要翻译： 一架超轻型直升机具有一对反向旋转的转子组件，当以相等的速度旋转时，它们组合得到零净角动量。 单个电动机通过联接到一对同心嵌套输出轴的反向旋转锥齿轮组驱动两个转子。 在替代实施例中，电动机通过液压驱动系统联接到转子，液压驱动系统包括液压泵和驱动每个转子组件的至少一个液压马达。 飞行员有利地从位于直升机升降中心附近的单个悬挂点悬挂在“悬挂式滑翔机”型线束中。 控制杆固定地安装在框架上，并被悬挂在线束中的飞行器抓住。 飞行员通过操纵控制杆在俯仰和滚动方向上操纵直升机。 飞行员在掌握控制杆的同时，使自己的重心相对于直升机的重心移动，从而操纵直升机。

公开(公告)号：US4927100A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-22

申请号：US264154

申请日：1988-11-11

申请人： Eugene F. Provenzo, Jr. ,  Peter A. Zorn

发明人： Eugene F. Provenzo, Jr. ,  Peter A. Zorn

IPC分类号： A63H27/08 ,  B64C31/028

CPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  A63H27/08

摘要： An airfoil having two (2) basic components, a sail and spoiler, associated with the leading edge of the sail, is herein disclosed. This unique airfoil design has application in flexible wing aircraft (i.e., ultralites), sport parachutes and sport kites. In the typical sport kite embodiment of this invention, there will generally be at least three (3) aerodynamic flight control surfaces: a sail, a keel, and a flexible resilient spoiler attached to the leading edge of the sail. The sail material is itself resilient, however, sufficiently rigid to maintain a preset configuration without the need for struts, spars or extrinsic physical support. A spoiler, which is located along the entire leading edge of the sail, provides additional structural reinforcement to the sail while undergoing controlled deformation in gusty or high winds. The effect of such deformation of the spoiler causes the sail to stall before any physical damage can occur. The resiliency of the spoiler immediately, thereafter, returns the sail to pre-stall configuration, and flight is thereupon resumed without physical damage to the kite. Under certain conditions, it may be desirable to further enhance the inherent physical strength of the sail along the centerline of the sail coincident with the area of the stress imparted upon the sail by the keel. This is readily accomplished by affixing an additional section of sail construction material, or its equivalent, along the topside surface of the sail, opposite to and coincident with the placement of the keel.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了具有与帆的前缘相关联的两（2）个基本部件，帆和扰流板的翼型件。 这种独特的翼型设计适用于柔性翼型飞机（即超轻轨），运动降落伞和运动风筝。 在本发明的典型的运动风筝实施例中，通常将具有至少三（3）个空气动力学飞行控制表面：连接到帆的前缘的帆，龙骨和柔性弹性扰流板。 帆式材料本身是弹性的，但是足够刚性以保持预设的配置，而不需要支柱，翼梁或外在的物理支撑。 沿着帆的整个前缘定位的扰流板在风向或风向受控变形的同时为帆提供额外的结构加固。 扰流板的这种变形的效果会导致帆在停止之前发生任何物理损坏。 立即将扰流器的弹性恢复到预失速配置，然后飞行恢复，而不会对风筝造成物理伤害。 在某些条件下，可能需要进一步提高沿着帆的中心线的帆的固有的体力，与通过龙骨施加在帆上的应力的面积重合。 这通过沿着帆的顶侧表面附加一段额外的帆构造材料或其等同物来容易地实现，其与龙骨的放置相对并重合。

公开(公告)号：US4651665A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-24

申请号：US762037

申请日：1985-08-02

申请人： James R. Drake

发明人： James R. Drake

IPC分类号： B63H9/04 ,  A63C3/00 ,  B62B15/00 ,  B63B35/79 ,  B64C31/028 ,  B63B35/00

CPC分类号： B63B35/7973 ,  A63C3/00 ,  B64C31/028

摘要： A novel freely grasped hand-sail is described, which consists essentially of two profiled airfoil surfaces inclined towards each other at an angle between about 180.degree. and 120.degree., the leading edges of this hand-sail also forming an angle between about 180.degree. and 120.degree.. In one embodiment, the airfoil consists of sails kept rigid by aerodynamically preformed battens, which sails are stretched symmetrically between two masts and a middle boom. The freely grasped sail turns around its horizontal axis when set against the wind, and stabilizes itself at a certain turn, whereby the section that is more vertically directed yields forward thrust forces, to propel, for example, a sailboard, and the section that is more horizontal in this position mainly yields upward thrust forces to compensate the weight of the hand-sail and the rolling moment exerted on the sail. Wave-jumping while wind-surfing, in particular, can be made easier with the help of this hand-sail.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种新颖的自由抓握的手风帆，其基本上由两个在180度和120度之间的角度彼此倾斜的成型翼型表面组成，该手帆的前缘也形成约180度和 120°。 在一个实施例中，翼型件由通过空气动力学预制的板条保持刚性的帆组成，该帆在两个桅杆和中间起重臂之间对称地拉伸。 自由抓住的风帆绕着水平轴线转动，防止风向转动，使其自身稳定在一定的转弯处，因此更垂直方向的部分产生向前的推力，以推动例如帆板， 在这个位置上更水平的主要产生向上的推力以补偿手帆的重量和施加在帆上的滚动时刻。 在这种手风的帮助下，特别是冲浪的浪潮可以更容易。

公开(公告)号：US4596368A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-24

申请号：US544261

申请日：1983-10-21

申请人： Hugh J. Schmittle

发明人： Hugh J. Schmittle

IPC分类号： B64C3/38 ,  B64C31/028

CPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  B64C3/385 ,  Y10S244/903

摘要： An ultralight aircraft of lightweight minimal construction includes a collapsible Rogallo type wing from which a hang cage is suspended by a main hinge assembly. The wing includes a longitudinal keel of lightweight tubular construction, leading edge members and a cross brace. A flexible lifting panel is secured along and between the wing members to define a lifting surface. The hinge includes a pitch hinge bracket having an upper longitudinal sleeve in which the keel is clamped. A ball joint connection secured to the bracket is connected to upwardly extending hang cage struts by means of hinge connecting plates to permit free rotation of the wing about a spanwise axis extending longitudinally through the cross brace. Rotation of the wing without pilot intervention induced by positive or negative wind gusts striking the flexible wing panel causes the angle of incidence between the wing and hang cage to vary so that the wing presents a relatively constant angle of attack to relative wind enabling the aircraft to be essentially stall free during flight. A cable and spreader tube arrangement interconnecting forward and trailing ends of the keel to the cross brace undergoes tension and compression loading to distribute bending stress acting on the keel during excessive wind loading to other parts of the aircraft.

摘要翻译： 轻型最小结构的超轻型飞机包括可折叠的Rogallo型翼，悬挂笼由主铰链组件悬挂。 机翼包括轻质管状结构的纵向龙骨，前缘构件和十字架。 柔性提升面板固定在翼构件之间并且在翼构件之间，以限定提升表面。 铰链包括具有上纵向套筒的俯仰铰链支架，其中龙骨被夹紧。 通过铰链连接板将固定到托架上的球形接头连接件连接到向上延伸的悬挂支架上，以允许机翼围绕纵向延伸穿过横梁的翼展方向轴自由旋转。 没有由正或负阵风引起的飞行员干涉的机翼的旋转撞击柔性翼板导致机翼和吊架之间的入射角度发生变化，使得机翼相对于相对风力具有相对恒定的迎角，使得飞机能够 在飞行中基本上是空闲的。 将龙骨的前端和后端相互连接到横梁的电缆和扩张管布置经受张力和压缩载荷，以在过度的风载入飞行器的其它部分期间分布作用在龙骨上的弯曲应力。

公开(公告)号：US4417707A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-29

申请号：US342833

申请日：1982-01-26

申请人： Ken Leong

发明人： Ken Leong

IPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  B64C33/00 ,  B64C31/02

CPC分类号： B64C33/00 ,  B64C31/028 ,  Y10S244/90

摘要： A human powered hang glider (10) has a fixed wing portion (12) and a pair of movable wing portions (14, 16). Flexible sheet material (26, 28) is connected to trailing edges (30, 32) of the movable wing portions (14, 16). A support structure (34, 36) for the flexible sheet material (26, 28) overlies each flexible sheet material (26, 28). Elastic bands (52) and wires (74, 76) are connected in opposing relationship to the movable wing portions (14, 16) to allow reciprocation of the movable wing portions (14, 16). When the flexible bands (52) cause upward movement of the movable wing portions (14, 16) the flexible sheet members (26, 28) move away from their associated support structures (34, 36), allowing air to pass through the support structures (34, 36). When pilot (70 pulls on wires (74, 76) to move the movable wing portions (14, 16) downward, the flexible sheet portions (26, 28) move against their associated support structures (34, 36) to provide increased lift from the movable wing portions (14, 16). In a typical flight, these movements are performed occasionally, and the hang glider is otherwise launched, flown and landed in a conventional manner.

摘要翻译： 人力悬挂滑翔机（10）具有固定翼部（12）和一对可动翼部（14,16）。 柔性片材（26,28）连接到可动翼部分（14,16）的后缘（30,32）。 用于柔性片材（26,28）的支撑结构（34,36）覆盖每个柔性片材（26,28）。 弹性带（52）和电线（74,76）以可动翼部（14,16）相对的关系连接，以允许可动翼部（14,16）的往复运动。 当柔性带（52）引起可动翼部分（14,16）的向上移动时，柔性片件（26,28）远离其相关联的支撑结构（34,36）移动，允许空气通过支撑结构 （34,36）。 当飞行员（70）拉动导线（74,76）以向下移动可动翼部分（14,16）时，柔性片部分（26,28）抵靠其相关联的支撑结构（34,36）移动，以提供从 可移动翼部（14,16），在典型的飞行中，这些运动偶尔进行，悬挂滑翔机以其它方式发射，以常规的方式飞行着陆。

公开(公告)号：US4336913A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-29

申请号：US081198

申请日：1979-10-02

申请人： Eric B. Hall

发明人： Eric B. Hall

IPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  B64C39/08

CPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  B64C39/08 ,  Y10S244/90

摘要： An aircraft, either rigid-wing or a collapsible hang-glider, is provided which is a bi-plane of apparent annular-wing construction in plan view, but the wing tips of an anhedral foreplane are separated from and above the wing tips of a dihedral aftplane. In a hang-glider construction the wing tips of the foreplane may be supported above the wing tips of the aftplane by struts, the trailing edges of the foreplane wing tips being supported by the struts above the leading edges of the aftplane wings. Also in the hang-glider, the geometry of the fore and aftplanes can be varied by moving their points of connection to the keel therealong.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种飞机，即刚性翼或可折叠悬挂滑翔机，它是俯视图中明显的环形翼结构的双平面，但是一个面向前平面的翼尖与其一侧的翼尖分离开 双面飞机。 在悬挂滑翔机结构中，前平面的翼尖可以通过支柱支撑在后翼的翼尖之上，前翼翼尖的后缘由在翼翼的前缘上方的支柱支撑。 另外在悬挂滑翔机中，可以通过将连接点连接到龙骨来改变前翼和后翼的几何形状。

公开(公告)号：US4116406A

公开(公告)日：1978-09-26

申请号：US807412

申请日：1977-06-17

申请人： Paul D. Hamilton

发明人： Paul D. Hamilton

IPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  B64C31/02

CPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  Y10S244/901

摘要： A high performance hang glider includes a frame to which is attached flexible sail fabric to create a delta-shaped Rogallo wing. The sail is of double thickness throughout a substantial portion of the wing area to provide an envelope inflatable in flight by air entering an intake opening at the nose of the wing and exhausting through nozzles in the underside of the wing tips. A more efficient double-surface airfoil is thus provided which automatically changes its camber in response to changes in speed for optimum performance.

摘要翻译： 高性能悬挂式滑翔机包括一个框架，连接柔性帆布以形成一个三角形的罗加洛翼。 帆翼在机翼区域的大部分中具有双重厚度，以提供通过进入机翼鼻部的进气口的空气在飞行中可充气的信封，并且通过翼尖的下侧的喷嘴排出。 因此提供了更有效的双面翼型件，其响应于速度变化而自动地改变其弯度以获得最佳性能。

公开(公告)号：US4050654A

公开(公告)日：1977-09-27

申请号：US754572

申请日：1976-12-27

申请人： Ronald A. Heckman

发明人： Ronald A. Heckman

IPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  B64C3/40

CPC分类号： B64C31/028 ,  Y10S244/901

摘要： A foot-launched passenger carrying wing capable of flight including a frame, a flexible wing covering the frame, a keel, a bracket slidable on the keel, cross brace members pivotally attached to the bracket at one end and to leading edge members of the frame at the other end, and cables connecting the parts to provide an operative structure when the bracket is moved in one direction to extend the frame into flying condition and to collapse the frame when the bracket is moved in the opposite direction. Movement of the bracket also adjusts the billow of the sail and the dihedral of the frame. The wing sail is attached to the leading edge members along their entire length and to the keel along a portion of the rearward end thereof. An arrangement is provided to adjust the bracket before or during flight to provide different billow and dihedral conditions.

摘要翻译： 能够飞行的脚踏式乘客承载翼，包括框架，覆盖框架的柔性翼，龙骨，可在龙骨上滑动的托架，在一端枢转地附接到托架的横向支撑构件和框架的前缘构件 在另一端，以及当支架沿一个方向移动以将框架延伸到飞行状态并且当支架沿相反方向移动时使框架折叠，从而连接部件以提供操作结构以提供操作结构。 支架的移动也可以调节帆的波浪和框架的二面体。 翼帆沿其整个长度附接到前缘构件，并沿其后端的一部分附接到龙骨。 提供了在飞行之前或期间调整支架以提供不同的波浪和二面条件的装置。