Abstract:
A fire alarm system, sensor and method for determining a fire by detecting a change in a temperature, smoke density and/or gas concentration due to a fire. The detection data values of the respective analog sensors are corrected based on areas of supervisory regions of the respective analog sensors which are defined by walls, beams or inwardly extending projections surrounding the respective analog sensors, and/or heights from the floor of the respective analog sensors. The fire determination is carried out based on the corrected data.
Abstract:
An extinct type detector which detects and determines a concentration or density of a gas or vapor in a space on the basis of an attenuation of light due to the gas or vapor present within the space.The detector of this feature of the invention operates in such a way that the light emitting device is periodically driven to effect light emission, the first and the second photodetector devices receive the light from said light emitting device, the first and second storage means corresponding to the first and the second photodetector devices, respectively, cumulatively store the outputs from the respective photodetector devices, a difference in cumulative storage values between the first and the second storage means is detected to determine a concentration and density of the gas or vapor within the detecting space based on the detected difference.
Abstract:
By using the ratio of the G component to the R component G/R, or the ratio of the B component to the R component B/R, from a television monitor image, and referring to a conversion table for converting to distribution temperature, a surface temperature of a flame is found for each pixel. An area in which luminance signals included in an image of a surveillance area exceed a prescribed level is sampled as a flame outline, and at least the distribution temperature of a sampled flame region is detected, and distance to a radiant energy source is measured. The amount of radiant energy from the radiant energy source is estimated by computation, based on the sampled flame area and its distribution temperature and the distance to the source of radiant energy. The system is provided with a fire image recognition section for recognizing a fire from radiant energy itself and from change in radiant energy over time and outputting fire detection information and an intruder entity recognition section which, from monitor images from the same camera, recognizes an intruder entity and outputs burglary detection information. Processing modes are provided enabling fire and/or intruder entity image processing to be selected. If abnormality detection information is received using fire image or intruder entity recognition processing, a pre-alarm is outputted in the central monitor room, and also the monitor image in the central monitor room is switched to the image of the location where the abnormality has been detected.
Abstract:
A process for detecting a change in the physical phenomena caused by a fire in an analog form, periodically sampling the analog detection data, calculating moving average values of the time series sampling data for filtering, and establishing the sampling period and the number of smoothing data provided for the moving average calculation so that a cut-off frequency of the filtering is established which is coincident with the maximum frequency of the main frequency components of the analog detection data. The invention also relates to a fire detector and a fire alarm system for carrying out such a process.
Abstract:
In a fire alarm device for detecting the physical quantities of substances arising from the outbreak of a fire and giving a fire alarm, membership functions showing the correlation between an arising quantities calculated by the detected physical quantities and the danger degree which a man would feel with respect to the physical quantities are preset, the danger degree with respect to the arising value calculated by the physical quantities actually detected by a detection means is obtained by using the membership functions, and an alarm and control in accordance with the danger degree is given. Therefore, there is provided a fire alarm device capable of judging the outbreak of a fire based on an actual fire situation and giving an alarm and control in accordance with the degree of danger which a man would feel with respect to the scale, situation and so on of the fire.
Abstract:
A communication quality evaluation system, a device, a method, and a program for evaluating communication quality at an arbitrary location, in the form which can actually felt by a user, are provided. According to an instruction from an evaluator, a control device displays a map or layout diagram of a specified area on a map/layout diagram display device and specifies an evaluation point within a display range of the map or the layout diagram. According to the network quality estimated by a network quality estimation unit, a network quality simulation unit for estimating the network quality when communications are performed at the evaluation point deteriorates the evaluation data and transmits the data to an evaluation device. The evaluation data deteriorated is a sample of data actually transmitted and received in the communication system. The evaluation device uses a communication device actually used by a user in the communication system.
Abstract:
In an aperture stop mechanism, two aperture blades are arranged so as to overlap each other and form a single light passage opening into which light utilized in imaging is introduced with the respective edge portions of the two aperture blades. A drive mechanism drives the two aperture blades in directions different from each other, whereby the aperture area of the light passage opening is changed within a predetermined range. When the two aperture blades are located at a minimum aperture position where the aperture area of the light passage opening is minimum within the predetermined range, the two aperture blades are provided so that the single light passage opening surrounded by boundaries including eight straight lines is constituted of the respective edge portions of the two aperture blades.
Abstract:
A reformer including a vaporization part provided with a supply port through which raw fuel is supplied, the supply port being provided at a central section of a tubular container; and reforming parts provided at both sides of the container, each reforming part containing reforming catalyst that reforms the raw fuel that flows into the reforming part from the vaporization part into fuel gas and provided with a fuel-gas supply port through which the fuel gas is discharged.
Abstract:
In an insertion hole formed in an adapter, a side wall which presses an insertion piece of a stopper with an urging force of a spiral spring has a wall surface parallel to a virtual straight line passing a center of the adapter and positioned on the virtual straight line. Thus, a direction which the wall surface of the side wall presses the insertion piece of the stopper is along a facing direction which the side wall and another side wall face each other, and is not inclined outward in a radial direction of the adapter with respect to the facing direction. Thereby, a pressing force applied from the wall surface of the side wall to the insertion piece of the stopper does not cause the insertion piece to be extruded from the insertion hole. Thus, insertion state of the insertion piece to the insertion hole can be satisfactorily maintained.
Abstract:
A fuel cell module includes in a casing: a fuel cell stack that is formed by stacking a plurality of unit cell; an oxidant gas distributing member that is disposed at a side surface, that extends in a stack direction of the unit cells, of the fuel cell stack that extends in a direction from one end to another end of each of the unit cells, and that supplies the oxidant gas to the another end of each unit cell after supplying the oxidant gas through the oxidant gas distributing member from the one end to the another end; a reformer disposed at the one end; and a combustion portion that is disposed between the one end and the reformer. The oxidant gas distributing member has a higher thermal conductivity at the one end side of the unit cells than at the another end side of the unit cells.