Abstract:
A device for detecting the movement of a movable component in that the position signals furnished by two position sensors are added to form a signal that is conducted through a line to an evaluation arrangement. The position ranges associated with the position sensors have an overlap region. Different discrete values are assigned to the position signals and can be evaluated easily in the evaluation arrangement.
Abstract:
To render severing of electrical conductors on integrated circuit (IC) chips more reliable, the region of insulating material, typically silicon oxide, beneath the zone which is to be severed, is increased in thickness; the increase in thickness is, preferably, in stepped form, so that the heat capacity at the point of severing of the conductor is less than the heat dissipation at other regions of the conductor, and especially at the point of application of the current probes. Preferably, the contact points at which the current probes are applied are located directly on the semiconductor surface without any intervening insulating oxide layer.
Abstract:
To permit entire integration of a control circuit to switch an inductive load, and protect the integrated control circuit against inductive voltage kicks, voltage surges, and reverse polarity, a series circuit including a diode, which may be constructed as a transistor in diode connection, and a voltage limiting element, typically a Zener diode, or a Zener diode controlled transistor, or four-layer diode are connected in parallel to the main switching path of the semiconductor element which controls current flow through the inductive load, thereby eliminating the necessity of the free wheeling and anti-conductive voltage kick diode which, in combination with the inherent substrate diodes of the inductive circuit, might lead to the damage, or destruction of the IC.
Abstract:
A controlled main switch, typically a semiconductor switch, is connected in parallel to the load. In accordance with the invention, an auxiliary switch, typically also a semiconductor switch such as a switching transistor is directly connected across the terminals of the load, and with an impedance, for example a resistance, diode, or Zener diode to the main switch, and controlled to switch in synchronism with the main switch, so that the residual voltage across the load due to inherent voltage drop across the terminals of the switch becomes a minimum. Integrated technology may be used, combining preamplifiers and distribution networks in one monolithic chip.
Abstract:
A battery pack with at least two electrochemical cells, lithium ion cells in particular, has each cell including a positive pole and a negative pole on the end face of the particular cell body, the poles of the cells being electrically connected in series and/or in parallel. A cell connector for electrically connecting the cells is provided on at least two cells, on the end face on the same side relative to their position in the battery pack, the cell connector connecting one pole of the connected cells and extending to a contact region of a circuit board; the cell bodies of the cells are positioned parallel to each other, and the end faces of the cell bodies are located in the same plane.
Abstract:
In an electric power tool and a method for operating an electric power tool, a torque limitation of an electric motor reacts when a load moment exceeds a predetermined threshold and in which an output request is carried out by means of a switch. A supply of current to the motor is interrupted when a criterion for the reaction of the torque limitation is detected based on a speed detection of the motor.
Abstract:
A circuit for operating an electric motor (10) has a triac (24) that is parallel to the electric motor (10). The triac (24) is acted upon by a first control signal (28) that is dependent on the voltage present at a first connection (11) of the electric motor (10). The triac (24) is further acted on by a second control signal (22) that is emitted as a braking signal by a motor-control circuit (19). The circuit of the invention, which includes a semiconductor component (24), permits both a braking of the electric motor (10) and the damping of an inductive voltage peak during the switch-off process of the electric motor (10). The damping of the inductive voltage peak is also assured after the separation of the voltage from an energy source (16).
Abstract:
A discharge lamp assembly has a discharge lamp, and an ignition device for the discharge lamp, the ignition device including at least one inductive component and at least one capacitive component, at least a part of one of the components being surrounded by at least a part of the other of the components, the ignition device further having a housing in which the components are arranged and which is connectable with the discharge lamp.
Abstract:
A first current source injects an emitter bias current into a base-controlled amplifier transistor. A reference transistor identical to the amplifier transistor is connected to the battery to operate independently of the amplifier transistor. A second constant current source identical to the first injects the same emitter bias current into the reference transistor circuit. A circuit interconnects the bases of the reference and amplifier transistors so that the base current supplied to the amplifier transistor is identical to that drawn by the reference transistor to sustain the flow of emitter bias current. The amplifier transistor then offers a high input impedance to a signal source connected to its base.
Abstract:
In an electric power tool and a method for operating an electric power tool, a torque limitation of an electric motor reacts when a load moment exceeds a predetermined threshold and in which an output request is carried out by means of a switch. A supply of current to the motor is interrupted when a criterion for the reaction of the torque limitation is detected based on a speed detection of the motor.