公开(公告)号：US20190393918A1

公开(公告)日：2019-12-26

申请号：US16017847

申请日：2018-06-25

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Liang Han ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ruben Caballero ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Yuancheng Xu ,  Iyappan Ramachandran

IPC分类号： H04B1/3827 ,  H04M1/03 ,  H04M1/02 ,  G06K9/20 ,  G06T7/55 ,  G06K9/62 ,  G06T7/521 ,  H04W52/28 ,  H04M1/725

摘要： An electronic device may include control circuitry, sensors, and wireless circuitry having antennas. The sensors may generate sensor data that is used by the control circuitry to identify an operating environment for the device. The sensor data may include a grip map generated by a touch-sensitive display, infrared facial recognition image signals or other image signals, an angle of arrival of sound received by a set of microphones, impedance data from an impedance sensor, and any other desired sensor data. The control circuitry may use the sensor data, radio-frequency spatial ranging data, information about whether audio is being played over an ear speaker, and/or information about communications protocols in use to identify the operating environment. The control circuitry may adjust antenna settings for the wireless circuitry based on the identified operating environment to ensure that the antennas operate with satisfactory antenna efficiency regardless of operating conditions.

公开(公告)号：US20180115071A1

公开(公告)日：2018-04-26

申请号：US15848833

申请日：2017-12-20

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Basim H. Noori ,  Khan M. Salam ,  Liang Han ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ruben Caballero ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Yi Jiang ,  Yuehui Ouyang

IPC分类号： H01Q9/04 ,  H04W4/00

CPC分类号： H01Q9/0407 ,  H01Q5/35 ,  H04W4/80

摘要： An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include one or more dual-frequency dual-polarization patch antennas. Each patch antenna may have a patch antenna resonating element that lies in a plane and a ground that lies in a different parallel plane. The patch antenna resonating element may have a first feed located along a first central axis and a second feed located along a second central axis that is perpendicular to the first central axis. The patch antenna resonating element may be rectangular, may be oval, or may have other shapes. A shorting pin may be located at an intersecting point between the first and second axes. The patch antennas may be used in beam steering arrays. The patch antennas may be used for wireless power transfer at microwave frequencies or other frequencies and may be used to support millimeter wave communications.

公开(公告)号：US20170302326A1

公开(公告)日：2017-10-19

申请号：US15636498

申请日：2017-06-28

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Matthew A. Mow ,  Liang Han ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Victor Lee ,  James G. Judkins ,  Mattia Pascolini

IPC分类号： H04B1/40 ,  H01Q9/04 ,  H01Q3/26

CPC分类号： H04B1/40 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q9/0442 ,  H04B1/0458 ,  H04B1/18

摘要： An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include one or more antennas. An antenna may have an antenna feed that is coupled to a radio-frequency transceiver with a transmission line. An impedance matching circuit may be coupled to the antenna feed to match the impedance of the transmission line and the antenna. The impedance matching circuit and tunable circuitry in the antenna may be formed using integrated circuits. Each integrated circuit may include switching circuitry that is used in switching components such as inductors and capacitors into use. Sensors such as temperature sensors, current and voltage sensors, power sensors, and impedance sensors may be integrated into the integrated circuits. Each integrated circuit may store settings for the switching circuitry and may include communications and control circuitry for communicating with external circuits and processing sensor data.

公开(公告)号：US09594147B2

公开(公告)日：2017-03-14

申请号：US14506123

申请日：2014-10-03

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Liang Han ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  James G. Judkins ,  Victor Lee ,  Robert W. Schlub

IPC分类号： G01R29/08 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01R35/00 ,  H01Q1/24 ,  H04B17/10 ,  H04B17/14

CPC分类号： G01R35/005 ,  G01R29/0878 ,  H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q9/42 ,  H01Q13/10 ,  H04B17/103 ,  H04B17/14

摘要： An electronic device may have control circuitry that uses a reflectometer to measure antenna impedance during operation. The reflectometer may have a directional coupler that is coupled between radio-frequency transceiver circuitry and an antenna. A calibration circuit may be coupled between the directional coupler and the antenna. The calibration circuit may have a first port coupled to the antenna, a second port coupled to the directional coupler, and a third port that is coupled to a calibration resistance. The reflectometer may have terminations of identical impedance that are coupled to ground. Switching circuitry in the reflectometer may be used to route signals from the directional coupler to a feedback receiver for measurement by the control circuitry or to ground through the terminations. Calibrated antenna reflection coefficient measurements may be used in dynamically adjusting the antenna.

摘要翻译： 电子设备可以具有使用反射计在操作期间测量天线阻抗的控制电路。 反射计可以具有耦合在射频收发器电路和天线之间的定向耦合器。 校准电路可以耦合在定向耦合器和天线之间。 校准电路可以具有耦合到天线的第一端口，耦合到定向耦合器的第二端口和耦合到校准电阻器的第三端口。 反射计可具有与地耦合的具有相同阻抗的终端。 反射计中的开关电路可用于将来自定向耦合器的信号路由到反馈接收器，用于由控制电路进行测量或通过终端进行接地。 校准的天线反射系数测量可用于动态调整天线。

公开(公告)号：US20230170927A1

公开(公告)日：2023-06-01

申请号：US18158441

申请日：2023-01-23

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Liang Han ,  Enrique Ayala Vazquez ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Hongfei Hu ,  Erdinc Irci ,  Nanbo Jin ,  James G. Judkins ,  Victor C. Lee ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  Yiren Wang ,  Yuancheng Xu ,  Yijun Zhou

IPC分类号： H04B1/38 ,  H01Q23/00

CPC分类号： H04B1/38 ,  H01Q23/00

摘要： A radio frequency device has a multifunctional tuner that stores measurements of reflection coefficient parameter in a register. The radio frequency device also has a transceiver that has a transmitter. The transceiver may detect a transmitter signal from the transmitter to an antenna in an initial tuning state and then determine whether the transmitter signal is stable. In response to the transmitter signal being stable, the transceiver may measuring the reflection coefficient parameters at the multifunctional tuner. Furthermore, the radio frequency device has a baseband controller that has a memory to store instructions and a processor to execute the instructions. The instructions cause the processor to determine an antenna impedance based on the reflection coefficient parameters, and in response to determining that the antenna impedance is greater than or less than a threshold antenna impedance, iteratively tune the antenna using the multifunctional tuner.

公开(公告)号：US20210218430A1

公开(公告)日：2021-07-15

申请号：US16898069

申请日：2020-06-10

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Liang Han ,  Enrique Ayala Vazquez ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Hongfei Hu ,  Erdinc Irci ,  Nanbo Jin ,  James G. Judkins ,  Victor C. Lee ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  Yiren Wang ,  Yuancheng Xu ,  Yijun Zhou

IPC分类号： H04B1/38 ,  H01Q23/00

摘要： A radio frequency device has a multifunctional tuner that stores measurements of reflection coefficient parameter in a register. The radio frequency device also has a transceiver that has a transmitter. The transceiver may detect a transmitter signal from the transmitter to an antenna in an initial tuning state and then determine whether the transmitter signal is stable. In response to the transmitter signal being stable, the transceiver may measuring the reflection coefficient parameters at the multifunctional tuner. Furthermore, the radio frequency device has a baseband controller that has a memory to store instructions and a processor to execute the instructions. The instructions cause the processor to determine an antenna impedance based on the reflection coefficient parameters, and in response to determining that the antenna impedance is greater than or less than a threshold antenna impedance, iteratively tune the antenna using the multifunctional tuner.

公开(公告)号：US09930725B2

公开(公告)日：2018-03-27

申请号：US14967772

申请日：2015-12-14

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Matthew A. Mow ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Liang Han ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  Victor Lee ,  James G. Judkins

IPC分类号： H04W88/06 ,  H04B1/00 ,  H04B17/10 ,  H04B1/3827 ,  H04L25/02 ,  H04W84/12 ,  H04W84/04

CPC分类号： H04W88/06 ,  H04B1/0053 ,  H04B1/3827 ,  H04B17/102 ,  H04B17/104 ,  H04L25/0264 ,  H04W84/042 ,  H04W84/12

摘要： An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. An application processor may generate wireless data that is to be transmitted using the wireless circuitry and may process wireless data that has been received using the wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include multiple baseband processors, multiple associated radios, and front-end module and antenna circuitry. Sensors may be used to provide the application processor with sensor data. During operation, the application processor and the baseband processors may be used to transmit and receive wireless communications traffic. A multiradio controller integrated circuit that does not transmit or receive the wireless communications traffic may be used in controlling the wireless circuitry based on impedance measurements, sensor data, and other information.

公开(公告)号：US20160204821A1

公开(公告)日：2016-07-14

申请号：US14980591

申请日：2015-12-28

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Liang Han ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  James G. Judkins ,  Victor C. Lee ,  Mattia Pascolini

IPC分类号： H04B1/40

CPC分类号： G01R29/10 ,  H04B1/0458 ,  H04B1/18 ,  H04B1/40

摘要： An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include wireless transceiver circuitry that transmits signals towards an antenna. A signal path may carry the transmitted signals to the antenna. Reflected signals from the antenna may be carried along the signal path towards the transceiver circuitry. Coupler circuitry may include a forward coupler that taps the transmitted signals, a first reverse coupler that taps the reflected signals from the antenna, and a second reverse coupler that taps the reflected signals that have passed through the first reverse coupler. Analog processing circuitry and digital processing circuitry may be used to produce an impedance measurement from the tapped signals from the coupler circuitry. The analog processing circuitry may include analog signal mixers, low pass filters, and analog-to-digital converter circuitry.

摘要翻译： 电子设备可以设置有无线电路。 无线电路可以包括向天线发送信号的无线收发器电路。 信号路径可以将发送的信号传送到天线。 来自天线的反射信号可以沿着朝向收发器电路的信号路径传送。 耦合器电路可以包括分接所发送的信号的前向耦合器，从天线抽头反射的信号的第一反向耦合器，以及抽头已经穿过第一反向耦合器的反射信号的第二反向耦合器。 可以使用模拟处理电路和数字处理电路从来自耦合器电路的抽头信号产生阻抗测量。 模拟处理电路可以包括模拟信号混合器，低通滤波器和模数转换器电路。

公开(公告)号：US20150372656A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-24

申请号：US14310240

申请日：2014-06-20

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Matthew A. Mow ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Liang Han ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  James G. Judkins ,  Enrique Ayala Vazquez ,  Jayesh Nath ,  Hongfei Hu ,  Nanbo Jin ,  Hao Xu ,  Yijun Zhou ,  Yuehui Ouyang ,  Victor Lee ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ruben Caballero

IPC分类号： H03H7/38 ,  H04B17/29 ,  H04B1/48

CPC分类号： H03H7/38 ,  H04B1/0458 ,  H04B1/18 ,  H04B1/48 ,  H04B17/29

摘要： An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. Control circuitry may be used to adjust the wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include antennas that are tuned, adjustable impedance matching circuitry, antenna port selection circuitry, and adjustable transceiver circuitry. Wireless circuit adjustments may be made by ascertaining a current usage scenario for the electronic device based on sensor data, information from cellular base station equipment or other external equipment, signal-to-noise ratio information or other signal information, antenna impedance measurements, and other information about the operation of the electronic device.

摘要翻译： 电子设备可以设置有无线电路。 控制电路可用于调整无线电路。 无线电路可以包括被调谐的天线，可调阻抗匹配电路，天线端口选择电路和可调收发器电路。 可以通过基于传感器数据，来自蜂窝基站设备或其他外部设备的信息，信噪比信息或其他信号信息，天线阻抗测量等来确定电子设备的当前使用场景来进行无线电路调整 关于电子设备的操作的信息。

公开(公告)号：US20150303549A1

公开(公告)日：2015-10-22

申请号：US14258877

申请日：2014-04-22

申请人： Apple Inc.

发明人： Erdinc Irci ,  Robert W. Schlub ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Thomas E. Biedka

IPC分类号： H01Q1/24

CPC分类号： H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q9/30 ,  H04B5/0012 ,  H04B5/0031

摘要： An electronic device may have radio-frequency transceiver circuitry for transmitting and receiving antenna signals using an antenna. The antenna may be formed within a connector port in the electronic device or may be formed on an external cable that is coupled to the connector port. The antenna may have an antenna resonating element that is formed from a signal wire in the external cable or that is formed from a metal structure mounted to the external cable. The radio-frequency transceiver circuitry may be directly coupled to the antenna resonating element using springs or other direct coupling mechanisms or may be coupled to the antenna resonating element using a coupling structure. The coupling structure may include a capacitor electrode, an inductor, or other structures for coupling to the antenna resonating element by electromagnetic near-field coupling.

摘要翻译： 电子设备可以具有用于使用天线发送和接收天线信号的射频收发器电路。 天线可以形成在电子设备中的连接器端口内，或者可以形成在耦合到连接器端口的外部电缆上。 天线可以具有由外部电缆中的信号线形成的或由安装到外部电缆的金属结构形成的天线谐振元件。 射频收发器电路可以使用弹簧或其它直接耦合机构直接耦合到天线谐振元件，或者可以使用耦合结构耦合到天线谐振元件。 耦合结构可以包括电容器电极，电感器或用于通过电磁近场耦合耦合到天线谐振元件的其它结构。