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公开(公告)号：US20230361889A1
公开(公告)日：2023-11-09
申请号：US18356898
申请日：2023-07-21
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Wassim El-Hassan , Gurusubrahmaniyan Subrahmaniyan Radhakrishnan , Srinivasa Yasasvy Sateesh Bhamidipati , Daphne Irene Gorman , Vineet Nayak , Xuefeng Zhao
CPC classification number: H04B17/13 , H01Q1/002 , H01Q3/34 , H01Q23/00 , H04B17/102 , H04W52/228
Abstract: A radio frequency device includes antennas, transmitters, power detectors, a memory storing instructions and an antenna gain lookup table, and processors. The processors execute instructions that include instructing the transmitters to send transmission signals through the antennas to form a first beamformed signal having a first beam direction and a first frequency using multiple input powers. The instructions include determining radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) gains associated with the transmitters based on the transmission signals using the power detectors. Moreover, the instructions include determining the antenna gains for the antennas based on the first beam direction and the first frequency of the first beamformed signal, and the antenna gain lookup table. The instructions also include determining total gains based on the RFIC gains and the antenna gains, and adjusting the input powers based on the total gains and a back off power signal.
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公开(公告)号：US10778345B2
公开(公告)日：2020-09-15
申请号：US15862279
申请日：2018-01-04
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Wassim El-Hassan , Mohammad Reza Ghajar , Gurusubrahmaniyan Subrahmaniyan Radhakrishnan , Vineet Nayak , Srinivasa Yasasvy Sateesh Bhamidipati
Abstract: The representative embodiments discussed in the present disclosure relate to techniques in which the operating characteristics (e.g., gain and/or efficiency) of a power amplifier in a transmitter may be regulated according to an operation mode of the transmitter. More specifically, in some embodiments, different look-up tables (LUTs) may be employed for each mode of operation to suitably adjust the supply voltage to the power amplifier and modulate its operating characteristics based on power input to the power amplifier. Further, in some embodiments, a method to calibrate a LUT for uplink carrier aggregation (ULCA) operation mode of the transmitter may be employed to populate a LUT used to suitably adjust the supply voltage during ULCA.
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公开(公告)号：US10454423B1
公开(公告)日：2019-10-22
申请号：US15951946
申请日：2018-04-12
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Wassim El-Hassan , Gurusubrahmaniyan Subrahmaniyan Radhakrishnan , Vineet Nayak , Srinivasa Yasasvy Sateesh Bhamidipati , Jaydeep Vijay Ranade
Abstract: The representative embodiments discussed in the present disclosure relate to techniques in which the operating characteristics (e.g., power consumption) of a power amplifier in a transceiver may be regulated according to an operation mode of the transceiver. More specifically, in some embodiments, different LUTs may be employed for each mode of operation to suitably adjust the supply voltage (e.g., bias voltage) and/or quiescent current input to the power amplifier based on an input signal and a margin by which transmission standards are met. Further, in some embodiments, a method to calibrate a LUT for average power tracking and/or envelope tracking in a transceiver mode of operation may be employed to populate a LUT that may be used to suitably adjust the power and/or current consumption of the power amplifier.
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公开(公告)号：US20190319583A1
公开(公告)日：2019-10-17
申请号：US15951946
申请日：2018-04-12
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Wassim El-Hassan , Gurusubrahmaniyan Subrahmaniyan Radhakrishnan , Vineet Nayak , Srinivasa Yasasvy Sateesh Bhamidipati , Jaydeep Vijay Ranade
Abstract: The representative embodiments discussed in the present disclosure relate to techniques in which the operating characteristics (e.g., power consumption) of a power amplifier in a transceiver may be regulated according to an operation mode of the transceiver. More specifically, in some embodiments, different LUTs may be employed for each mode of operation to suitably adjust the supply voltage (e.g., bias voltage) and/or quiescent current input to the power amplifier based on an input signal and a margin by which transmission standards are met. Further, in some embodiments, a method to calibrate a LUT for average power tracking and/or envelope tracking in a transceiver mode of operation may be employed to populate a LUT that may be used to suitably adjust the power and/or current consumption of the power amplifier.
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公开(公告)号：US20190081712A1
公开(公告)日：2019-03-14
申请号：US15862279
申请日：2018-01-04
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Wassim El-Hassan , Mohammad Reza Ghajar , Gurusubrahmaniyan Subrahmaniyan Radhakrishnan , Vineet Nayak , Srinivasa Yasasvy Sateesh Bhamidipati
Abstract: The representative embodiments discussed in the present disclosure relate to techniques in which the operating characteristics (e.g., gain and/or efficiency) of a power amplifier in a transmitter may be regulated according to an operation mode of the transmitter. More specifically, in some embodiments, different LUTs may be employed for each mode of operation to suitably adjust the supply voltage to the power amplifier and modulate its operating characteristics based on power input to the power amplifier. Further, in some embodiments, a method to calibrate a LUT for ULCA, an operation mode of the transmitter, may be employed to populate a LUT that may be used to suitably adjust the supply voltage during ULCA.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US09654154B2
公开(公告)日：2017-05-16
申请号：US14794412
申请日：2015-07-08
Applicant: Apple Inc.
IPC: H03F1/32 , H03G3/30 , H04W52/02 , H04B1/04 , H03F3/19 , H03G1/00 , H03F1/02 , H03G3/00 , H03F3/24 , H04B17/13
CPC classification number: H04B1/0475 , H03F1/0211 , H03F1/0227 , H03F1/3247 , H03F3/19 , H03F3/245 , H03F2200/102 , H03F2200/321 , H03F2200/451 , H03F2201/3227 , H03G1/0005 , H03G3/004 , H04B17/13 , H04W52/0225 , H04W52/0251 , Y02D70/1262 , Y02D70/142 , Y02D70/144 , Y02D70/40
Abstract: Systems and method for improving operation of a radio frequency system are provided. One embodiment includes instructions to execute a coarse calibration to associate a first output power with a first operational parameter set; instruct the radio frequency system to transmit a signal based at least in part on the first operational parameter set and a base detrough function; determine performance metrics resulting from transmission of the signal; determine changes in the performance metrics resulting from operating the radio frequency based at least in part on the first operational parameter set and each of a plurality of augmented detrough functions; and associate a second operational parameter set with a second output power, in which the second operational parameter set includes one of the plurality of augmented detrough functions selected based at least in part on the changes that reduce margin between the performance metrics and performance metric thresholds.
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公开(公告)号：US09634695B1
公开(公告)日：2017-04-25
申请号：US15269805
申请日：2016-09-19
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Gurusubrahmaniyan Subrahmaniyan Radhakrishnan , Wassim El-Hassan , Srinivasa Yasasvy Sateesh Bhamidipati , Hailong Yang
CPC classification number: H04B1/04 , H04B1/0475 , H04B2001/0425 , Y02D70/00 , Y02D70/1242 , Y02D70/1262 , Y02D70/142 , Y02D70/144 , Y02D70/146 , Y02D70/164 , Y02D70/23 , Y02D70/40
Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless communications circuitry that has first and second digital predistortion circuits. The first predistortion circuit receives a first signal at a first frequency while the second predistortion circuit receives a second signal at a second frequency. The first circuit may perform predistortion operations on the first signal using non-unity predistortion coefficients to generate a predistorted signal. The second circuit may apply unity predistortion coefficients to the second signal to generate an undistorted signal. An adder may combine the predistorted and undistorted signals to generate a combined signal that is amplified by amplifier circuitry. An antenna may transmit the amplified signal. By over-distorting the first signal with the first predistortion circuit while the second predistortion circuit does not distort the second signal, the circuitry may mitigate non-linearity in the amplifier while allowing for carrier aggregation operations to be performed with minimal power consumption.
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公开(公告)号：US20160036471A1
公开(公告)日：2016-02-04
申请号：US14449976
申请日：2014-08-01
Applicant: Apple Inc.
CPC classification number: H04B1/0475 , H03F1/3241 , H04B2001/0425 , H04W52/0209 , Y02D70/00 , Y02D70/1242 , Y02D70/1262 , Y02D70/142 , Y02D70/144 , Y02D70/164 , Y02D70/40
Abstract: Methods for performing predistortion calibration on wireless communications circuitry are provided. The wireless communications circuitry may be adjusted using a digital gain setting and a radio gain index setting. A particular channel in a given band exhibiting the maximum dynamic range may be selected for measurement. Predistortion coefficient values may be computed based on measured results in the select channel. A power list may be obtained for the selected channel based on a maximum peak power level. A reference power list may then be obtained based on the minimum dynamic range in the given band. The predistortion coefficients associated with the selected channel may be translated from its power list to the reference power list. Predistortion coefficients for the remaining channels in the given band may similarly be computed by interpolating/extrapolating based on the values in their respective power lists and the reference power list.
Abstract translation: 提供了在无线通信电路上执行预失真校准的方法。 可以使用数字增益设置和无线电增益指数设置来调整无线通信电路。 可以选择具有最大动态范围的给定频带中的特定频道进行测量。 可以基于选择信道中的测量结果来计算预失真系数值。 可以基于最大峰值功率电平为所选择的频道获得功率列表。 然后可以基于给定频带中的最小动态范围来获得参考功率列表。 与所选频道相关联的预失真系数可以从其功率列表转换到参考功率列表。 可以类似地通过基于它们各自的功率列表和参考功率列表中的值的内插/外推来计算给定频带中的剩余信道的预失真系数。
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公开(公告)号：US11722230B2
公开(公告)日：2023-08-08
申请号：US17065829
申请日：2020-10-08
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Wassim El-Hassan , Gurusubrahmaniyan Subrahmaniyan Radhakrishnan , Srinivasa Yasasvy Sateesh Bhamidipati , Daphne Irene Gorman , Vineet Nayak , Xuefeng Zhao
CPC classification number: H04B17/13 , H01Q1/002 , H01Q3/34 , H01Q23/00 , H04B17/102 , H04W52/228
Abstract: A radio frequency device includes antennas, transmitters, power detectors, a memory storing instructions and an antenna gain lookup table, and processors. The processors execute instructions that include instructing the transmitters to send transmission signals through the antennas to form a first beamformed signal having a first beam direction and a first frequency using multiple input powers. The instructions include determining radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) gains associated with the transmitters based on the transmission signals using the power detectors. Moreover, the instructions include determining the antenna gains for the antennas based on the first beam direction and the first frequency of the first beamformed signal, and the antenna gain lookup table. The instructions also include determining total gains based on the RFIC gains and the antenna gains, and adjusting the input powers based on the total gains and a back off power signal.
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公开(公告)号：US20170126258A1
公开(公告)日：2017-05-04
申请号：US15269805
申请日：2016-09-19
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Gurusubrahmaniyan Subrahmaniyan Radhakrishnan , Wassim El-Hassan , Srinivasa Yasasvy Sateesh Bhamidipati , Hailong Yang
IPC: H04B1/04
CPC classification number: H04B1/04 , H04B1/0475 , H04B2001/0425 , Y02D70/00 , Y02D70/1242 , Y02D70/1262 , Y02D70/142 , Y02D70/144 , Y02D70/146 , Y02D70/164 , Y02D70/23 , Y02D70/40
Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless communications circuitry that has first and second digital predistortion circuits. The first predistortion circuit receives a first signal at a first frequency while the second predistortion circuit receives a second signal at a second frequency. The first circuit may perform predistortion operations on the first signal using non-unity predistortion coefficients to generate a predistorted signal. The second circuit may apply unity predistortion coefficients to the second signal to generate an undistorted signal. An adder may combine the predistorted and undistorted signals to generate a combined signal that is amplified by amplifier circuitry. An antenna may transmit the amplified signal. By over-distorting the first signal with the first predistortion circuit while the second predistortion circuit does not distort the second signal, the circuitry may mitigate non-linearity in the amplifier while allowing for carrier aggregation operations to be performed with minimal power consumption.
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