摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a power supply control unit that performs control of switching a power supply source to an auxiliary power supply that stores therein power from a main power supply when the main power supply is off, and control of switching the power supply source to the main power supply when the main power supply is on; a detection unit that detects whether the power supply source is the main power supply or the auxiliary power supply; and a mode control unit that performs control of switching between a normal mode and a power-saving mode in which power consumption is smaller than in the normal mode. The mode control unit performs control of setting a switching time to switch from the normal mode to the power-saving mode to a shorter time when the power supply source is the auxiliary power supply.
摘要:
An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a lean control unit and a rich control unit. The lean control unit executes lean spike operation, in which an air-fuel ratio is temporarily changed in a lean direction by a lean change width relative to a reference air-fuel ratio. The rich control unit changes the air-fuel ratio in a rich direction by a rich change width relative to the reference air-fuel ratio after the lean control unit executes the lean spike operation such that the air-fuel ratio stays in a predetermined slightly rich region. The rich change width is smaller than the lean change width.
摘要:
In a non-critical pressure region where a pressure ratio [Pm/Pthrup(i−1)] of an intake air pressure Pm (throttle downstream pressure) detected by an intake air pressure sensor to a previous throttle upstream pressure Pthrup(i−1) is greater than a predetermined value B, the previous throttle upstream pressure Pthrup(i−1) is substituted for one of two terms of the throttle upstream pressures Pthrup(i) included in an intake system model so that present throttle upstream pressure Pthrup(i) is calculated. In a critical pressure region where the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the predetermined value B, a physical value f(Pm/Pthrup(i)) using a pressure ratio [Pm/Pthrup(i)] of the intake air pressure Pm to a present throttle upstream pressure Pthrup(i) as a parameter is regarded as a steady value fc so that the present throttle upstream pressure Pthrup(i) is calculated.
摘要:
A fuel property determining apparatus is provided to a fuel vapor treatment apparatus. The fuel vapor treatment apparatus controls purging of mixture containing fuel vapor, which is generated in a fuel tank and temporarily adsorbed in a canister, into an intake pipe of an internal combustion engine when the internal combustion engine operates. The fuel vapor treatment apparatus controls the purging on the basis of a fuel vapor state of the mixture. The fuel property determining apparatus includes a fuel vapor state determining unit for determining the fuel vapor state The fuel property determining apparatus further includes a fuel property determining unit for determining a fuel property, which is relevant to volatility of fuel, on the basis of change in the fuel vapor state, the change in the fuel vapor state being caused by the purging.
摘要:
A secondary air pipe is connected on the upstream side from catalyst in an exhaust pipe, and a secondary air pump is provided at an upstream portion of the secondary air pipe. An opening/closing valve for opening/closing the secondary air pipe is provided on the downstream side from the secondary air pump. A pressure sensor for detecting pressure within pipe is provided between the secondary air pump and the opening/closing valve. An ECU calculates a secondary airflow rate based upon difference pressure between both secondary air supply pressure which is detected by the pressure sensor when the opening/closing valve is opened under such a condition that the secondary air pump is operated, and also, shutoff pressure which is detected by the pressure sensor when the opening/closing valve is closed.
摘要:
A cooler cools a plurality of electric parts from both sides thereof. The cooler includes a plurality of cooling units including a pair of cooling tubes for flowing coolant therethrough. A pair of cooling tubes having a flat shape is disposed to sandwich the electric part so that both sides of the electric part are cooled by a pair of cooling tubes. The cooling units are disposed to align in a stacking direction. A clearance is disposed between the neighboring cooling units in the stacking direction.
摘要:
A secondary air pipe is connected to an exhaust pipe upstream of a catalyst, and a secondary air pump is connected to an upstream portion of the secondary air pipe. An ECU determines an operating period of the secondary air pump before the secondary air pump is operated in order to drive the secondary air pump within the operating period. Especially, the ECU detects a pump driving load during a secondary air supply to correct the operating period of the secondary air pump based on the detected pump driving load.
摘要:
A semiconductor module has metallic radiator plates provided at central regions of principal surfaces of a sealing resin so as to expose from these principal surfaces. The metallic radiator plates and the principal surfaces of the sealing resin are bonded via grease gaps to heat receiving members. The grease gaps are widened in outer regions far from the metallic radiator plates compared with inner regions adjacent to the metallic radiator plates, to prevent external air from entering into the grease gaps even when the semiconductor module causes repetitive thermal expansions and contractions.
摘要:
A plurality of pressure-application ink chambers communicate with a plurality of nozzles, respectively. A plurality of energy generating elements generate energy for applying pressure to ink in the plurality of pressure-application ink chambers so as to cause ink drops to be fired from the plurality of nozzles, respectively. A driving-waveform generating portion generates a plurality of driving waveforms for driving the plurality of energy generating elements. A driving-waveform selecting portion selects one of the plurality of driving waveforms generated by the driving-waveform generating portion for each one of the plurality of energy generating elements in accordance with image information.
摘要:
An automatically assembling method to connect two members while providing an intermediate member therebetween, including first, second, and third steps. In the first step, a first member and a second member are connected together without interposing the intermediate member therebetween. In the second step, the first and second members are separated away from each other in a predetermined direction, and the first member is set in a predetermined position with respect to the intermediate member while keeping a positioning relationship with the second member. In the third step, the first and second members are approached and connected to each other while providing the intermediate member therebetween.