摘要:
Multiple detectors arranged in a ring within a specimen chamber provide a large solid angle of collection. The detectors preferably include a shutter and a cold shield that reduce ice formation on the detector. By providing detectors surrounding the sample, a large solid angle is provided for improved detection and x-rays are detected regardless of the direction of sample tilt.
摘要:
The invention relates to a composite structure of a sample carrier 20 and a sample holder 30 for use in a TEM, for example. The sample carrier is hereby separately embodied from the sample holder. Although such compositions are already known, the known compositions are very fragile constructions. The sample carrier according to the invention can be formed from a strip of metal, and is a simple and cheap element. Using resilient force, it clamps onto or into the sample holder. The portion of the sample holder to which the sample carrier couples also has a simple form. The sample carrier can couple to the sample holder in vacuum using a coupling tool.
摘要:
A method of determining the temperature of a sample carrier in a charged particle-optical apparatus, characterized in that the method comprises the observation of the sample carrier with a beam of charged particles, the observation giving information about the temperature of the sample carrier. The invention is based on the insight that a charged particle optical apparatus, such as a TEM, STEM, SEM or FIB, can be used to observe temperature related changes of a sample carrier. The changes may be mechanical changes (e.g. of a bimetal), crystallographic changes (e.g. of a perovskite), and luminescent changes (in intensity or decay time). In a preferred embodiment the sample carrier shows two bimetals, showing metals with different thermal expansion coefficients, bending in opposite directions. The distance between the two bimetals is used as a thermometer.
摘要:
The invention relates to a micro-reactor for observing small particles, cells, bacteria, viruses or protein molecules in a fluid. The micro-reactor shows a first channel formed between two layers for containing the fluid, with an inlet and an outlet, the two layers separated by a first distance. A likewise second channel with an inlet and an outlet is placed adjacent to the first channel. A gap connects the first channel and the second channel, at the gap at least one layer showing a window transparent to the method of inspection and at the window the two layers being separated by a very small distance of, for example, 1 μm or less.The micro-reactor may be used with an optical microscope (in which all particles are in focus), inspection with a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (in which the range of the electrons is limited), inspection with soft X-rays in the 250-500 eV range (also showing a limited range), etc. A method of using the micro-reactor includes applying a gradient over the gap, thereby causing the particles to cross the gap. The gradient may be static or dynamic, and may be a gradient in concentration, of a chemical or biological material, in pressure, in temperature, in electric potential, or in magnetic field. By detecting a property of the particles upstream in the first channel, e.g. using fluorescent labels on the particles, and then applying a pressure burst over the channels when the property meets certain preset criteria, only selected particles can be placed in the gap.
摘要:
Multiple detectors arranged in a ring within a specimen chamber provide a large solid angle of collection. The detectors preferably include a shutter and a cold shield that reduce ice formation on the detector. By providing detectors surrounding the sample, a large solid angle is provided for improved detection and x-rays are detected regardless of the direction of sample tilt.
摘要:
A charged-particle optical system (100) such as an electron microscope has a vacuum chamber (102) with a space (104) for accommodating a specific one (114) of multiple specimens in operational use. The charged-particle optical system has a loader (106) with a part (108) that is moveable into and out of the space. The part is configured for attaching a specimen carrier (110), brought from outside the system, to a first holder (112) or to detach the carrier from the first holder and to remove the carrier from inside the system. The carrier accommodates a first specimen. The system has an interface (116) in a wall of the chamber for removably accommodating the first holder (112) or a second holder (118) with a second specimen (120) mounted thereon.
摘要:
Multiple detectors arranged in a ring within a specimen chamber provide a large solid angle of collection. The detectors preferably include a shutter and a cold shield that reduce ice formation on the detector. By providing detectors surrounding the sample, a large solid angle is provided for improved detection and x-rays are detected regardless of the direction of sample tilt.
摘要:
The invention relates to a composite structure of a sample carrier 20 and a sample holder 30 for use in a TEM, for example. The sample carrier is hereby separately embodied from the sample holder. Although such compositions are already known, the known compositions are very fragile constructions. The sample carrier according to the invention can be formed from a strip of metal, and is a simple and cheap element. Using resilient force, it clamps onto or into the sample holder. The portion of the sample holder to which the sample carrier couples also has a simple form. The sample carrier can couple to the sample holder in vacuum using a coupling tool.
摘要:
Multiple detectors arranged in a ring within a specimen chamber provide a large solid angle of collection. The detectors preferably include a shutter and a cold shield that reduce ice formation on the detector. By providing detectors surrounding the sample, a large solid angle is provided for improved detection and x-rays are detected regardless of the direction of sample tilt.
摘要:
The invention relates to a transfer mechanism for transferring a specimen (2) from a first position in a first holder (40) to a second position in a second holder (10) and/or vice versa, each holder (10, 40) equipped to detachably hold the specimen, the transfer of the specimen between the holders taking place in a transfer position different from the second position, characterized in that when the specimen is transferred between the holders (10, 40) a mechanical guidance mechanism positions the holders with a mutual accuracy higher than the mutual accuracy in the second position, and said mechanical guidance mechanism not positioning at least one of the holders (10, 40) when the specimen is in the second position. The mechanical guidance mechanism may comprise extra parts (50). At least one of the holders (40) may be equipped to hold a multitude of specimens.