Abstract:
A sheet of the present invention is a sheet which is to be used such that light from a light emitting body impinges on one of surfaces of the sheet and outgoes from the other surface. The other surface of the sheet includes a plurality of minute regions 13, a largest inscribed circle of the minute regions 13 having a diameter from 0.2 μm to 2 μm. Each of the plurality of minute regions 13 is adjoined by and surrounded by some other ones of the plurality of minute regions 13. The plurality of minute regions 13 include a plurality of minute regions 13a which are randomly selected from the plurality of minute regions 13 so as to constitute 20% to 80% of the minute regions 13 and a plurality of minute regions 13b which constitute the remaining portion of the minute regions 13. Light transmitted through the plurality of minute regions 13a and light transmitted through the plurality of minute regions 13b have a phase difference of π.
Abstract:
A composite material (10) includes a resin (12), and first inorganic particles (11) dispersed in the resin and containing at least zirconium oxide. The composite material has a refractive index at the d line nCOMd of not less than 1.60 and an Abbe's number νCOM of not less than 20, and satisfies a relationship nCOMd≧1.8−0.005 νCOM. This composite material exhibits both a high refractive index and low dispersion in good balance, and has excellent workability. Accordingly, using this composite material makes it possible to realize a small optical component having favorable wavelength characteristics.
Abstract:
A light-emitting device (1) having a base (10) and a light-emitting element (11) placed on the base (10) includes a first sealing material layer (12) covering the light-emitting element (11) and a second sealing material layer (13) surrounding a side surface of the first sealing material layer (12), wherein the refractive index of the first sealing material layer (12) and the refractive index of the second sealing material layer (13) are different from each other. The light-emitting device (1) is capable of controlling a radiation pattern from the light-emitting element (11) by controlling the refractive index of the first sealing material layer (12) and the refractive index of the second sealing material layer (13). This can facilitate the miniaturization and reduction in thickness of the light-emitting device (1), and prevent the decrease in a light output efficiency of the light-emitting device (1).
Abstract:
Disclosed is a semiconductor light-emitting device having improved light-extraction efficiency. Specifically disclosed is a semiconductor light-emitting device (1) comprising a semiconductor light-emitting element (10), a phosphor layer (11) which is so formed as to cover at least a part of the semiconductor light-emitting element (10), and an outer layer (12) which is so formed as to cover at least a part of the phosphor layer (11). The phosphor layer (11) contains a binder (17) and a phosphor (18) dispersed in the binder (17), and the outer layer (12) contains a porous material (19). Consequently, the semiconductor light-emitting device is improved in light-extraction efficiency.
Abstract:
A diffractive optical element that can be molded readily, an imaging apparatus incorporating the diffractive optical element, and a method for manufacturing the diffractive optical element are provided. A diffractive optical element (10) includes a substrate (11) that is made of a first material containing a resin and has a surface (11a, 11b) on which a diffraction grating pattern (12a, 12b) is formed, and a coating film (13a, 13b) that is made of a second material containing a resin and is disposed so as to be in contact with a portion of the diffraction grating pattern (12a, 12b), and at least one material selected from the first material and the second material is a composite material containing inorganic particles.
Abstract:
The primary object of the present invention is to provide an electrode with which an efficient electrode reaction will occur. The present invention relates to a porous electrode which is an electrode composed of a porous material having electron conductivity, wherein (1) the porous material comprises a three-dimensional skeleton, (2) a substance having one or more proton affinity groups is present on all or part of the three-dimensional skeleton surface, and (3) a catalyst for separating hydrogen into protons and electrons is further included, with the catalyst being supported on the substance.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a semiconductor light-emitting device having improved light-extraction efficiency. Specifically disclosed is a semiconductor light-emitting device (1) comprising a semiconductor light-emitting element (10), a phosphor layer (11) which is so formed as to cover at least a part of the semiconductor light-emitting element (10), and an outer layer (12) which is so formed as to cover at least a part of the phosphor layer (11). The phosphor layer (11) contains a binder (17) and a phosphor (18) dispersed in the binder (17), and the outer layer (12) contains a porous material (19). Consequently, the semiconductor light-emitting device is improved in light-extraction efficiency.
Abstract:
A diffractive imaging lens 10 includes a surface on which a diffraction grating pattern is formed. The diffraction grating pattern is formed of a plurality of steps formed concentrically with an optical axis (25) at a center. The diffraction grating pattern is formed such that a first portion where amounts (di) of the steps are substantially the same in a radial direction of concentric circles and a second portion, outside of the first portion, where amounts (di) of the steps decrease with distance from the optical axis 25 are provided, or such that the amounts (di) of the steps decrease with distance from the optical axis 25 over the entire diffraction grating pattern.
Abstract:
Conventional porous carbon materials obtained by carbonizing an organic gel were prone to shrinkage during their manufacture, in the course of which the density rose and the specific surface area decreased. Another problem was that density and specific surface area were difficult to control after an organic gel had already been formed. In the present invention, a carbon material with a large specific surface area is formed by forming a composite porous material having a reticulated skeleton and composed of a dry gel of an inorganic oxide, and taking advantage of the reaction of this dry gel of an inorganic oxide as a structural support. In one method, a carbon material is formed in this reticulated skeleton in a state in which the characteristics of a dry gel of an inorganic oxide with a large specific surface area are maintained. In another method, the specific surface area of a carbon material is further increased by removing the inorganic oxide of the reticulated skeleton in which the carbon material was formed.
Abstract:
Methods of effectively utilizing yeast-containing waste products generated after yeast use can be applied to absorbing agents, drying agents, soil conditioners, catalysts, and other common applications in the same manner as to charcoal-based materials of other materials by carbonizing the waste product, but a new search was needed in order to broaden the industrial utilization of these products. By supporting a particulate or powdered charcoal-based material obtained by carbonizing a yeast-containing material on an electrically conductive gas-permeable base, an electrode can be obtained that is capable of the electrochemical reduction of oxygen. The present charcoal-based material can provide new applications that have not been hitherto proposed, in the sense that oxygen can be electrochemically reduced smoothly and at a small overvoltage (resistance), and a large electromotive force can be obtained, by placing the charcoal-based material at the intersection of the ion path and the oxygen path.