Abstract:
A system for managing locomotives in a railyard including a parking yard and a service yard, based on possible future states of the parking yard and the service yard. The system includes a computer and utilizes an algorithm that enumerates possible present locomotive placement options, enumerates possible future railyard states arising from each possible present locomotive placement option, examines each possible future railyard state, and determines a present option based on the examination of the possible future railyard states.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for managing locomotives is provided. The apparatus includes an on-board tracking system including a locomotive interface, a computer, a GPS receiver, and a communicator, the computer programmed to determine a position of the locomotive and to transmit the position via the communicator, the computer further programmed to obtain locomotive discretes and to transmit the locomotive discretes via the communicator. The method includes the steps of operating each on-board system to determine when its respective locomotive departs a locomotive assignment point, operating the on-board systems to determine a departure condition, to send a locomotive position message to a data center at a time corresponding to the locomotive assignment point, to simultaneously collect GPS location data for each respective locomotive and at the data center, collecting locomotive position messages corresponding to the locomotive assignment point to determine localized groups of locomotives, identifying candidate consists and lead locomotives.
Abstract:
A single-cell wireless communication system is partitioned into n sectors, to which channels are allocated from two groups of non-adjacent channels. If the available channels are consecutively numbered from lowest to highest frequency, or vice versa, the groups are, respectively, the even-numbered channels and the odd-numbered channels. These two groups are each subdivided into n/2 sets, with the first set of each group including the lowest numbered channels of the group, the next set including the next lowest-numbered channels of the group, and so forth. The sets are then allocated to the sectors such that the first set of one of the groups is allocated to a first sector, the next set of the same group is allocated to a contiguous sector and so forth, with the last set of the second group allocated to the nth sector. The dividing points between the sets are selected such that any sector has at most a single channel that may experience adjacent-channel interference from a channel that is allocated from a contiguous sector. Preferably, a channel is selected for assignment to the mobile units such that the selected channel is within a greatest gap between the channels of the same set that are then in use. If the selected channel is the one channel that may experience adjacent-channel interference, another channel may be selected from the set.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for disseminating weather products, based on raw weather data provided by various weather condition sensors, to a mobile vehicle. The weather products are formed as web pages and transmitted to the mobile vehicle during the vertical blanking interval of a broadcast television signal. The weather products are received and displayed within the vehicle under control of a web browser.
Abstract:
A process for scheduling the travel of trains on a rail corridor. The rail corridor includes a plurality of siding tracks onto which trains can be sided when a meet or pass occurs with another train on the corridor. A gradient search process is used with a cost function to determine the optimum schedule by moving each meet and pass to a siding. The individual train schedules are varied by changing train speed and/or the train departure time (i.e., the time at which the train enters the corridor).
Abstract:
A wireless system architecture whereby high efficiency broadband transceiver systems can be deployed at an initial build out stage of the system in a cost-efficient manner. A home base station location is identified within each cluster of cells and rather than deploy a complete suite of base station equipment at each of the cells in the cluster, inexpensive translator units are located in the outlying cells serviced by the home base station in which low traffic density is expected. The translators are connected to directional antennas arranged to point back to the home base station site. The translators are deployed in such a way which meshes with the eventually intended frequency reuse for the entire cluster of cells. The translator to base station radio links operate in-band that is, within the frequencies assigned to the service provider. The available frequency bands are divided into at least two sub-bands, with frequency translations ocurring entirely within a given sub-band.
Abstract:
A frequency allocation plan for a wireless communication system that accommodates growth in demand from a low density reuse pattern of twelve cells to a high efficiency reuse pattern of three cells. The available radio spectrum is first divided into three ranges and each range is further divided into four groups. The frequencies in each range are sequentially assigned to the four groups, and the groups are further identified as even and/or odd index groups. The twelve cell groups are laid out in rectangular shapes of four cells across by three cells high, with a first set of three cells in the upper left portion being assigned to use a first even index frequency group. A second group of three cells in a lower left portion are assigned to use a second even index frequency group. A third and fourth group of three cells associated with upper right and lower right positions are assigned the first and second odd index frequency group. As traffic density increases the cells are split into six sectors with each sector being assigned the other odd or even frequency group to achieve a reuse factor of six. Sectorizing to a cell reuse pattern of three is then implemented by swapping the resulting frequency assignments made to a leftmost column of three cells with a non-adjacent center column of a cell group to the left. In order to implement times three reuse in the rightmost column of cells, odd and even frequency assignments are similarly swapped between the leftmost column and the non-adjacent center column of the cell group to the right.
Abstract:
In a cellular-communications base station (10), an attenuation circuit 22 sets different power levels for different ones of the forward communications channels by which the base station transmits to the mobile units (12) that it services. From the reverse-channel transmit power that a reverse-channel-power circuit 52 derives from the associated reverse-channel power that the base station receives, a forward power circuit (58) infers the level of forward-channel transmit power that will result in the mobile unit's receipt of the requisite forward-channel power. In this way, the base station (10) avoids the need to transmit full power into all of the forward channels even if it is operating in accordance with a protocol that does not explicitly inform it of the forward-channel power that the mobile unit (12) is receiving.
Abstract:
A frequency allocation technique for a wireless system which employs remote subscriber Field Access Units (FAUs) that use omni-directional antennas in an inner region of a cell, and directional antennas in an outer region of the cell. Different frequency subsets are used for the inner and outer cell regions and FAUs located in the inner regions of homologous cells maintain separation from one another by limiting their operating power to a level needed to complete the radio link from the base station. A receiver portion of the base station has the capability to determine received signal power for each channel within the bandwidth being served. This provides the basic input for a channel selection algorithm which determines the quietest channel from among those channels not in use. A further constraint on the frequency allocation process is that a minimum number of channels always remain unused. That is, for example, among the available channels in each cell, only a subset of the channels are actually ever allowed to become active.
Abstract:
A radio frequency control technique for use in a wideband communications system, such as a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system in which the use of several wideband forward channels is allocated in each cell depending upon the apparent location of the mobile station in the cell. In particular, a first set of forward channel frequencies is reserved for the mobiles located within a first certain radius of the base station antenna, and a second set of channels serve the area forming mobiles located in a concentric annular ring centered around the base station antenna. Third, fourth, and subsequent concentric rings may be used to provide successively longer radii from the base station to support the use of additional frequency sets in each cell.