公开(公告)号：US6162655A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-19

申请号：US228218

申请日：1999-01-11

申请人： John Evan Johnson ,  Leonard Jan-Peter Ketelsen ,  Janet L. Lentz ,  Charles H. Joyner ,  Sharon Kay Sputz

发明人： John Evan Johnson ,  Leonard Jan-Peter Ketelsen ,  Janet L. Lentz ,  Charles H. Joyner ,  Sharon Kay Sputz

IPC分类号： G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/122 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/20 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H01L21/302

CPC分类号： G02B6/1228 ,  G02B2006/12195 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/0265 ,  H01S5/1014 ,  H01S5/1032 ,  H01S5/2077 ,  H01S5/50

摘要： A method of fabricating an expanded beam optical waveguide device (e.g., a laser), comprises the steps of (a) forming a first semiconductor waveguide region having first and second sections of different thickness and an intermediate vertical taper section of varying thickness coupling the first and second sections to one another, the first waveguide region being effective to expand the size of the beam as it propagates from the first section to the second section, (b) forming a second semiconductor region (e.g., a laser active region) on the first waveguide region, (c) etching the second region so as to form an essentially vertical first surface of length A-B which extends obliquely across the propagation axis of the device, (d) forming a third semiconductor region (e.g., a cladding region) on the second region and over the first surface, and (e) etching an elongated mesa along the axis, the mesa extending through at least the second region and the first surface so as to form a second waveguide region having an oblique, essentially second vertical surface which has a length a-b

摘要翻译： 一种制造扩展光束光波导器件（例如，激光器）的方法包括以下步骤：（a）形成具有不同厚度的第一和第二部分的第一半导体波导区域和具有变化厚度的中间垂直锥形部分， 和第二部分，第一波导区域有效地在从第一部分传播到第二部分时扩大光束的尺寸，（b）在第二部分上形成第二半导体区域（例如，激光有源区域） （c）蚀刻所述第二区域以便形成长度为AB的基本上垂直的第一表面，所述第一表面倾斜延伸穿过所述器件的传播轴线，（d）在所述第一区域上形成第三半导体区域（例如包层区域） 所述第二区域和所述第一表面之上，以及（e）沿着所述轴线蚀刻细长的台面，所述台面至少延伸穿过所述第二区域和所述第一表面，以形成第二 波导区域具有斜长，基本上第二垂直表面，其具有长度ab

公开(公告)号：US06829262B1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-07

申请号：US09668675

申请日：2000-09-22

申请人： David Alan Ackerman ,  Sung-Nee George Chu ,  Eric J Dean ,  John Evan Johnson ,  Leonard Jan-Peter Ketelsen ,  Liming Zhang

发明人： David Alan Ackerman ,  Sung-Nee George Chu ,  Eric J Dean ,  John Evan Johnson ,  Leonard Jan-Peter Ketelsen ,  Liming Zhang

IPC分类号： H01S313

CPC分类号： H01S5/0021 ,  H01S5/06256 ,  H01S5/06825 ,  H01S5/125

摘要： A process evaluates an aging property of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser. The process includes illuminating a Bragg grating of the distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser with light while the DBR laser is both supplied a tuning current and not lasing. The process also includes performing an action to the DBR laser responsive to a wavelength of a Bragg peak in a portion of the light reflected by the Bragg grating and a value of the tuning current supplied during the illuminating.

摘要翻译： 一个过程评估分布式布拉格反射器（DBR）激光器的老化特性。 该过程包括用光照射分布式布拉格反射器（DBR）激光器的布拉格光栅，而DBR激光器被提供调谐电流而不是激光。 该过程还包括响应于由布拉格光栅反射的光的一部分中的布拉格峰的波长和在照明期间提供的调谐电流的值，向DBR激光器执行动作。

公开(公告)号：US06453105B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-17

申请号：US09678969

申请日：2000-10-04

申请人： John Evan Johnson ,  Kishore K Kamath

发明人： John Evan Johnson ,  Kishore K Kamath

IPC分类号： G02B610

CPC分类号： G02B6/12004 ,  H01S5/0264

摘要： The invention is a semiconductor device, and a method of fabrication, where a waveguide layer in which light is propagated and an integral photodetector are formed in the device. A light absorbing layer of the photodetector includes a portion of the waveguide layer which is modified to absorb a portion of the light while transmitting the remainder of the light. Additional components, such as a laser, optical amplifier and modulator can be included with the photodetector.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种半导体器件及其制造方法，其中传播光的波导层和在器件中形成一体的光电检测器。 光检测器的光吸收层包括波导层的一部分，其被修改以吸收一部分光，同时透射剩余的光。 光电检测器可以包括诸如激光器，光放大器和调制器的附加组件。

公开(公告)号：US06275317B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-14

申请号：US09038269

申请日：1998-03-10

申请人： Christopher Richard Doerr ,  John Evan Johnson ,  Charles H. Joyner ,  Leonard Jan-Peter Ketelsen ,  Uziel Koren ,  Dirk Joachim Muehlner ,  Rudolph Conrad Schweizer ,  Lawrence Warren Stulz

发明人： Christopher Richard Doerr ,  John Evan Johnson ,  Charles H. Joyner ,  Leonard Jan-Peter Ketelsen ,  Uziel Koren ,  Dirk Joachim Muehlner ,  Rudolph Conrad Schweizer ,  Lawrence Warren Stulz

IPC分类号： H04B1000

CPC分类号： H04B10/505 ,  H01S5/02252 ,  H01S5/02284 ,  H01S5/0265 ,  H01S5/4012 ,  H01S5/4087

摘要： A hybrid integrated optical transmitter comprising a wavelength selectable laser (WSL) source coupled to an optical amplifier/modulator has been realized. Disposed between the optical combiner and the optical amplifier/modulator is an “optical isolator.” The optical isolator includes at least a Faraday rotator and, either solely or in combination with a single polarizer and/or half-wave plate is used to selectively rotate and pass polarized light egressing from the wavelength selectable laser source. Optical isolation is achieved by the egressing radiation from and back reflections incident on the laser source being at two mutually exclusive orthogonal polarization states or by the reflections being totally extinguished. Advantageously, the laser source is unresponsive to orthogonally polarized light, and hence any unwanted back reflections do not substantially affect the operating characteristics of the laser(s). Optical isolation may be further improved, however, with the use of an additional polarizer positioned in front of the Faraday rotator to totally extinguish the polarized back reflections. Preferably, a latching Faraday rotator is used. As such, permanent magnets are not needed to maintain the latching Faraday rotator in its saturated state, and substantially reduces cost, size and complexity of the transmitter package. The wavelength selectable laser source is integrated on a single substrate with an optical combiner that directs the radiation to the optical amplifier/modulator, which is integrated on a second substrate. Alternatively, the laser source and optical combiner may be integrated on different substrates.

摘要翻译： 已经实现了包括耦合到光放大器/调制器的波长可选激光器（WSL）源的混合集成光发射机。 配置在光学组合器和光放大器/调制器之间的是“光隔离器”。 光隔离器至少包括法拉第旋转器，单独使用或与单偏振器和/或半波片组合用于选择性地旋转并通过从波长可选激光源出射的偏振光。 光学隔离是通过从入射到激光源的辐射和来自两个互相排斥的正交极化状态的反射和完全熄灭的反射来实现的。 有利地，激光源对正交偏振光无反应，因此任何不需要的反射反射基本上不影响激光器的操作特性。 然而，通过使用位于法拉第旋转器前面的附加偏振器来完全​​消除偏振反射反射，可以进一步改善光学隔离。 优选地，使用闭锁法拉第旋转器。 因此，不需要永磁体来保持锁定法拉第旋转器处于饱和状态，并且显着降低发射器封装的成本，尺寸和复杂性。 波长可选激光源集成在单个基板上，并具有将辐射引导到集成在第二基板上的光放大器/调制器的光学组合器。 或者，激光源和光组合器可以集成在不同的衬底上。

公开(公告)号：US6028881A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-22

申请号：US966828

申请日：1997-11-10

申请人： David Alan Ackerman ,  John Evan Johnson

发明人： David Alan Ackerman ,  John Evan Johnson

IPC分类号： G02B6/28 ,  H01S3/06 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/07 ,  H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/131 ,  H01S3/23 ,  H01S5/00 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H04B10/155 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H01S3/0941

CPC分类号： H01S3/0675 ,  H04B10/506 ,  H04B10/564 ,  H04B10/572 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H01S3/08086 ,  H01S3/094061 ,  H01S3/1312 ,  H01S3/2383

摘要： In accordance with the present invention, a wavelength selectable laser source comprises a tunable pump source, an array of waveguide lasers for emitting light at respectively different wavelengths and a router for directing light from the pump source to an appropriate waveguide laser. A second router can be used to direct all laser outputs to a common output waveguide. The result is a wavelength selectable, stable signal source. In preferred embodiments the routers are dense wavelength-division multiplexers (DWDMs) and the waveguide lasers are rare-earth doped fiber lasers. Alternative embodiments provide a variety of ways of routing the pumping source.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明，波长可选激光源包括可调谐泵浦源，用于分别以不同波长发光的波导激光器阵列和用于将来自泵浦源的光引导到适当波导激光器的路由器。 第二个路由器可用于将所有激光输出引导到公共输出波导。 结果是波长可选，稳定的信号源。 在优选实施例中，路由器是密集波分复用器（DWDM），并且波导激光器是稀土掺杂光纤激光器。 替代实施例提供了路由泵送源的各种方式。

公开(公告)号：US06233082B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-15

申请号：US09416323

申请日：1999-10-12

申请人： John Evan Johnson

发明人： John Evan Johnson

IPC分类号： G02B2600

CPC分类号： H04B10/505 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F2001/0157 ,  H01S5/0265 ,  H01S5/0612 ,  H04B10/506 ,  H04B10/572

摘要： An optical transmitter for generating any one of N carrier signals for use in an M-channel WDM system (M≧N), each channel operating at a different carrier wavelength &lgr;s (s=1, 2 . . . M), includes an optical source for generating the carrier signals at any one of multiplicity of N wavelengths &lgr;i (i=1, 2 . . . N), where (1≦N≦M). A first controller selects a particular one of the wavelengths &lgr;i at which the source operates. An optical modulator receives the carrier signal corresponding to the selected wavelength &lgr;i and impresses information on the received signal. The modulator has a characteristic electronic bandgap and a wavelength &lgr;g corresponding thereto. At a given temperature, &lgr;g is offset from each &lgr;i by an amount &Dgr;&lgr;i. For each wavelength &lgr;i there is a predetermined value of &Dgr;&lgr;i which delivers preferred (e.g., optimum) transmission performance. In general, however, the actual &Dgr;&lgr;i may not be equal to the predetermined &Dgr;&lgr;i for all values of i. The difference between the actual &Dgr;&lgr;i and the predetermined &Dgr;&lgr;i is termed the detuning error. In accordance with one aspect of my invention, the transmitter includes a second controller for minimizing the detuning error. In a preferred embodiment, the second controller changes the temperature of the modulator as the wavelength of the source is changed (i.e., as different &lgr;i are selected) so that &Dgr;&lgr;i is controlled according to the above criterion. In one embodiment, in which the wavelength of the source can be tuned independent of the temperature of the modulator, the second controller maintains the detuning error essentially zero for all values of i selected. In another embodiment, in which the wavelength of source is not tuned independent of the temperature of the modulator, &lgr;i is detuned from &lgr;s by a predetermined amount related to the rate of change of &lgr;i and &lgr;g with respect to temperature.

公开(公告)号：US5832014A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-03

申请号：US799653

申请日：1997-02-11

申请人： John Evan Johnson

发明人： John Evan Johnson

IPC分类号： H01S5/068 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/0625 ,  H01S5/0687 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/125 ,  H01S3/13

CPC分类号： H01S5/0687 ,  H01S5/0264 ,  H01S5/06256 ,  H01S5/1078

摘要： Methods and apparatus for stabilizing or otherwise controlling wavelength in tunable semiconductor lasers and other optical sources. A tunable semiconductor laser includes a gain section and at least one tuning section. Spontaneous emission (SE) from the tuning section is detected and used in a feedback control loop to control the amount of current applied to the tuning section. The SE may be detected using an integrated detector on the semiconductor laser chip, an external detector arranged adjacent the chip to detect SE emitted from a side of the tuning section, or an external detector arranged to detect SE coupled from an optical fiber or other signal line connected to an optical signal output of the laser. The feedback control loop may operate to maintain the detected SE at a constant level, such that the current applied to the tuning section is adjusted to compensate for the effects of aging and the laser output wavelength is thereby stabilized. The invention may also be implemented using multiple feedback control loops to control the current supplied to corresponding multiple tuning sections of a given optical source. Each of the multiple feedback control loops may operate to maintain the SE detected from a corresponding one of the tuning sections at a constant level, such that the output wavelength is stabilized.

摘要翻译： 用于稳定或以其他方式控制可调谐半导体激光器和其他光源中的波长的方法和装置。 可调谐半导体激光器包括增益部分和至少一个调谐部分。 检测调谐部分的自发发射（SE）并将其用于反馈控制环路中以控制施加到调谐部分的电流量。 可以使用半导体激光器芯片上的集成检测器来检测SE，与芯片相邻布置的外部检测器，以检测从调谐部分侧发出的SE，或者设置为检测从光纤或其它信号耦合的SE的外部检测器 线连接到激光器的光信号输出。 反馈控制环路可以操作以将检测到的SE保持在恒定电平，使得调节施加到调谐部分的电流以补偿老化的影响，从而使激光输出波长稳定。 本发明还可以使用多个反馈控制回路来实现，以控制提供给给定光源的相应多个调谐部分的电流。 多个反馈控制回路中的每一个可以操作以将从对应的一个调谐部分检测到的SE维持在恒定水平，使得输出波长稳定。

公开(公告)号：US5719931A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-17

申请号：US549612

申请日：1995-10-27

申请人： John Evan Johnson

发明人： John Evan Johnson

IPC分类号： H04M1/27 ,  H04M3/38 ,  H04M1/26

CPC分类号： H04M1/27 ,  H04M3/382

摘要： An automatic access code dialer stores a user entered telephone number and compares the first three digits of the stored telephone number to a list of three digit numbers that specify telephone exchanges that may be contacted using an alternative shorthaul long distance service provider. If the stored digits match one of the numbers on the list, the user entered telephone number and an access code for a alternative service provider are passed to the telephone network. If the stored digits do not match one of the numbers on the list, the user entered telephone number is passed to the telephone network.

摘要翻译： 自动访问代码拨号器存储用户输入的电话号码，并将存储的电话号码的前三位数字与指定可使用替代短途长途服务提供商联系的电话交换机的三位数字的列表进行比较。 如果存储的数字与列表中的一个号码相匹配，则用户输入电话号码，并将替代服务提供商的访问代码传递到电话网络。 如果存储的数字与列表中的一个数字不匹配，则用户输入的电话号码将被传递到电话网络。