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公开(公告)号：US5866991A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-02
申请号：US672220
申请日：1996-07-17
CPC分类号： H01J65/048 , H05B41/24
摘要： An electrodeless gas discharge lamp includes a vitreous envelope containing a discharge medium. An excitation coil is positioned in relation to the vitreous envelope so as to excite the discharge medium therein. The excitation coil is adapted to be driven by an RF oscillator. The excitation coil has first and second ends and is effective for exciting the discharge medium to emit light with electromagnetic fields that are generated by the excitation coil. The excitation coil includes a first wire wound generally helically from the first end to the second end in a first helical direction to form first winding turns, and further includes a second wire wound generally helically from the first end to the second end in second helical direction opposite to that of the first helical direction to form second winding turns. Preferably, a generally cylindrical former is provided for holding the first and second wires between the first and second ends of the coil. Such former includes a positioning arrangement for maintaining specific positions of the first and second wires with respect to each other along the former.
摘要翻译： 无电极气体放电灯包括容纳放电介质的玻璃体外壳。 励磁线圈相对于玻璃体封套定位，以便在其中激发放电介质。 励磁线圈适于由RF振荡器驱动。 励磁线圈具有第一和第二端，并且对于激励放电介质以由激励线圈产生的电磁场发射光是有效的。 励磁线圈包括在第一螺旋方向上从第一端至第二端大致螺旋地缠绕的第一线，以形成第一绕组匝，并且还包括在第二螺旋方向上从第一端至第二端大致螺旋形地缠绕的第二线 与第一螺旋方向的相反，以形成第二绕组匝。 优选地，提供了一种大致圆柱形的成型器，用于将第一和第二线保持在线圈的第一和第二端之间。 这种前置件包括用于沿着前者相对于彼此维持第一和第二线的特定位置的定位装置。
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2.发明授权Two-stage resonant starting circuit for an electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp 失效用于无电极高强度放电灯的两级谐振启动电路
公开(公告)号：US5057750A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-15
申请号：US622246
申请日：1990-12-04
申请人： George A. Farrall , John P. Cocoma
发明人： George A. Farrall , John P. Cocoma
CPC分类号： H05B41/382 , H01J61/547 , H01J65/048 , H05B41/042 , Y02B20/204
摘要： A starting circuit for an electrodeless HID lamp provides a two-stage resonant starting signal to a gas probe starter of the type comprising a starting chamber which contains a relatively low-pressure gas and is attached to the outer wall of the arc tube. The starting circuit comprises a resonant LC circuit of variable impedance including the series combination of a variable inductance and the parasitic capacitance between the gas probe starter and the excitation coil. In operation, the resonant circuit is tuned to a predetermined value so that, upon application of an RF signal to the excitation coil, resonant operation of the starting circuit results in the application of a sufficiently high starting voltage to the starting chamber to ignite a low-current glow discharge therein. Once the glow discharge is ignited, the starting circuit is retuned to ensure that a sufficiently high starting voltage is capacitively coupled to the arc tube to ionize the arc tube fill and initiate an arc discharge therein.
摘要翻译： 用于无电极HID灯的起动电路为包括起始室的类型的气体探针起动器提供两级谐振起始信号，该启动室包含相对低压的气体并附接到电弧管的外壁。 起动电路包括可变阻抗的谐振LC电路，其包括可变电感和气体探针起动器与励磁线圈之间的寄生电容的串联组合。 在操作中，谐振电路被调谐到预定值，使得在向激励线圈施加RF信号时，启动电路的谐振操作导致向起始室施加足够高的启动电压以点燃低电平 - 其中的电流辉光放电。 一旦辉光放电被点燃，启动电路被重新调整以确保足够高的启动电压电容耦合到电弧管，以使电弧管填充物电离并在其中引发电弧放电。
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3.再颁专利Method for (prepolarizing and centering) operating a piezoceramic power switching device 失效运行压电陶瓷功率开关装置的（预极化和定中心）的方法
公开(公告)号：USRE33587E
公开(公告)日：1991-05-14
申请号：US383316
申请日：1989-07-20
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01H11/00 , H01H2050/025 , H01H49/00 , Y10T29/42
摘要： This application describes a number of novel advanced piezoelectric ceramic power switching devices which are mounted within protective gastight enclosures that are either evacuated to a high degree of vacuum or filled with an inert gas protective atmosphere. The devices thus constructed are capable of operating over a range of load voltages extending from about 100 volts to 5000 volts or more with corresponding currents of from a few amperes to hundreds of amperes and wherein it is possible to provide a number of such structures in a single common protective gastight enclosure. For certain circuit applications the devices thus constructed have unpoled portions on which are mounted either passive circuit components such as resistors, capacitors and the like or active semiconductor devices all interconnected in circuit relationship with each other and the switching devices by using printed circuit or integrated circuit fabrication techniques. In these devices, stray circuit impedances whether capacitive, inductive or resistive in nature can be reduced to an absolute minimum by appropriate designs. Such complementary circuit components and active semiconductor devices can be, if desired, mounted within the common protective enclosures in close proximity to the piezoceramic switching devices to which they are connected, or alternatively may be mounted exteriorly of the protective enclosures.
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公开(公告)号：US4595855A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-17
申请号：US684881
申请日：1984-12-21
申请人： George A. Farrall
发明人： George A. Farrall
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01H1/5805
摘要： A synchronously operable electrical current switching apparatus includes a controllable piezoelectric relay having movable electrical contacts, and means for controlling the relay so as to move the contacts and effect a change of state of the electrical connectivity between them. The apparatus also includes means for operating the controlling mechanism so as to substantially reduce arcing between the contacts. A relay which is especially useful in the apparatus utilizes a piezoelectric bender and a flexible member disposed adjacent to one of the flat surfaces of the bender. The flexible member is fixed to the bender so that bending motion of the bender causes corresponding movement of the flexible member. At least one first electrical contact is disposed on the flexible member, and an electrical conductor having at least one second electrical contact is disposed adjacent the flexible member on the side thereof opposite the side which is adjacent to the bender. The electrical conductor is fixed to the flexible member so that movement of the member causes a change in electrical connectivity between the first and second contacts, and so that the electrical conductor is electrically isolated from the first contact when the first and second contacts are in an open position. The relay may be enclosed in a conventional 16 pin dual-in-line integrated circuit package, and is particularly useful for switching circuits operating at household power line current levels.
摘要翻译： 一种可同步操作的电流开关装置包括具有可移动电触点的可控压电继电器，以及用于控制继电器以便移动触点并实现它们之间的电连接状态变化的装置。 该装置还包括用于操作控制机构以便大大减少触点之间的电弧的装置。 在该设备中特别有用的继电器利用压电弯曲机和与弯曲机的一个平坦表面相邻设置的柔性部件。 柔性构件固定到弯曲机上，使得弯曲机的弯曲运动引起柔性构件的相应运动。 至少一个第一电触点设置在柔性构件上，并且具有至少一个第二电触头的电导体设置在与弯曲器相邻的一侧相对的柔性构件附近。 电导体固定到柔性构件，使得构件的运动导致第一和第二触点之间的电连接性的变化，并且使得当第一和第二触点处于第一和第二触点时电导体与第一触点电隔离 开仓 继电器可以封闭在传统的16针双列直插集成电路封装中，对于在家用电源线电流水平下工作的开关电路特别有用。
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5.发明授权Electrostatic shield to reduce wall damage in an electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp 失效静电屏蔽，以减少无电极高强度放电灯中的墙体损坏
公开(公告)号：US5438235A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-01
申请号：US131544
申请日：1993-10-05
申请人： Timothy J. Sommerer , Hseuh-Rong Chang , Arthur Klein, III , Victor D. Roberts , Harald L. Witting , George A. Farrall
发明人： Timothy J. Sommerer , Hseuh-Rong Chang , Arthur Klein, III , Victor D. Roberts , Harald L. Witting , George A. Farrall
IPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H01J1/50 , H01J61/04 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/35 , H01J65/00 , H01J65/04 , H01J61/00
CPC分类号： H01J61/35 , H01J1/50 , H01J61/04 , H01J61/125 , H01J65/048
摘要： An electrostatic shield is provided between the induction coil and the arc tube of an electrodeless HID lamp. In one embodiment, the shield is a transparent glass cylinder coated with a thin, transparent, conductive layer of tin oxide. In another embodiment, the electrostatic shield is a conductive, transparent tin oxide coating applied to either the inner or outer surface of an outer light-transmissive jacket surrounding the arc tube. The tin oxide layer is discontinuous so as to minimize currents induced in the conductive tin oxide layer by the induction coil. The thickness of the tin oxide layer is sufficient to make it conductive and form an approximately equipotential surface, thereby shielding the arc tube and plasma discharge from intense electric fields, reducing arc tube wall damage and increasing lamp life. In addition, tin oxide functions as an infrared reflector which returns infrared radiation to the arc tube, resulting in higher efficacy. Other advantages of the electrostatic shield include: a lower color temperature, further improving efficacy; and a lower rate of free iodine formation in lamps employing metal iodide fills, further reducing wall damage.
摘要翻译： 在感应线圈和无电极HID灯的电弧管之间设置静电屏蔽。 在一个实施例中，屏蔽是涂覆有薄的，透明的，导电的氧化锡层的透明玻璃圆筒。 在另一个实施例中，静电屏蔽是施加到围绕电弧管的外部透光护套的内表面或外表面的导电透明氧化锡涂层。 锡氧化物层是不连续的，以便最小化感应线圈在导电氧化锡层中感应的电流。 氧化锡层的厚度足以使其导电并形成大致等电位的表面，从而屏蔽电弧管和等离子体从强电场放电，减少电弧管壁损坏并延长灯的使用寿命。 此外，氧化锡起红外线反射器的作用，其将红外辐射返回到电弧管，导致更高的效能。 静电屏蔽的其他优点包括：降低色温，进一步提高功效; 并且在使用金属碘化物填充物的灯中游离碘形成速率较低，进一步降低壁损伤。
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6.发明授权Self-extinguishing gas probe starter for an electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp 失效用于无电极高强度放电灯的自熄气体探头启动器
公开(公告)号：US5151633A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-29
申请号：US812266
申请日：1991-12-23
CPC分类号： H01J65/048 , H01J61/54
摘要： The fill of a self-extinguishing gas probe starter for an electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp includes a starter fill component which has a relatively low vapor pressure and is substantially inert in the starter fill at ambient temperatures, but which component vaporizes and becomes electronegative as the temperature of the lamp increases, so that the starter fill component attaches electrons of the starting discharge in the gas probe starter and thereby extinguishes the starting discharge after initiation of the arc discharge in the arc tube. As a result, the flow of currents between the gas probe starter and the arc tube, which would otherwise have a detrimental effect on the arc tube wall, is avoided.
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公开(公告)号：US5103140A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-07
申请号：US622024
申请日：1990-12-04
申请人： John P. Cocoma , George A. Farrall
发明人： John P. Cocoma , George A. Farrall
CPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H05B41/2806 , Y02B20/22
摘要： A starting circuit for an electrodeless HID lamp, comprising a series resonant LC circuit of variable impedance, provides a starting voltage to a fixed or movable starting probe substantially simultaneously with the application of power to the excitation coil from the main power source. In a preferred embodiment, the starting circuit provides a starting signal to a gas probe starter of the type including a fixed starting electrode coupled to a starting chamber which contains a relatively low-pressure gas and is attached to the outer wall of the arc tube. Resonant operation of the starting circuit results in the application of a sufficiently high voltage to ignite a glow discharge in the low-pressure starting chamber. In turn, the starting voltage is capacitively coupled to the arc tube, ionizing the fill and initiating an arc discharge therein. In an alternative embodiment, additional circuitry is provided for ensuring that the glow discharge in the low-pressure starting chamber is extinguished after initiation of the arc discharge.
摘要翻译： 一种用于无电极HID灯的起动电路，包括可变阻抗的串联谐振LC电路，在从主电源向励磁线圈施加电力的同时基本上同时向固定的或可移动的起动探针提供启动电压。 在优选实施例中，启动电路向气体探测启动器提供启动信号，该启动器包括耦合到起始室的固定起动电极，该起动室包含相对低压的气体，并连接到电弧管的外壁。 起动电路的共振操作导致施加足够高的电压以点燃低压起动室中的辉光放电。 反过来，启动电压电容耦合到电弧管，使填充物电离并在其中引发电弧放电。 在替代实施例中，提供了额外的电路，用于确保低电压启动室中的辉光放电在电弧放电开始后熄灭。
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公开(公告)号：US5047893A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-10
申请号：US586927
申请日：1990-09-24
摘要： A high-frequency capacitor includes first and second conductive members, each having a plurality of U-shaped metal plates disposed parallel to each other and a terminal plate coupled between the ends thereof. The metal plates of the first and second conductive members are interleaved, and a dielectric material is disposed between the adjacent metal plates. The result is a low-inductance capacitor suitable for use in a high-frequency electronic circuit, such as an electrodeless high intensity discharge (HID) lamp ballast. Furthermore, such acapacitor may be suitably integrated with a heat sink in an electrodeless HID lamp ballast.
摘要翻译： 高频电容器包括第一和第二导电构件，每个导电构件具有彼此平行设置的多个U形金属板和耦合在其端部之间的端子板。 第一和第二导电构件的金属板交错，并且电介质材料设置在相邻的金属板之间。 结果是适用于高频电子电路的低电感电容器，例如无电极高强度放电（HID）灯镇流器。 此外，这样的电容器可以适当地与无电极HID灯镇流器中的散热器集成。
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公开(公告)号：US4939401A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-03
申请号：US380570
申请日：1989-07-17
申请人： George A. Farrall
发明人： George A. Farrall
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01L41/042 , Y10T29/42
摘要： A method and system, which minimize contact bounce during closure of a piezoelectric bender switch, control the switch closure to occur when the movable contact is traveling at a low velocity, when the phase of oscillation of the movable contact tends to press the contacts together after closure, and when the magnitude of the closing force developed in the first piezoelectric layer is only a fraction of its maximum value.
摘要翻译： 一种在压电弯曲开关闭合期间最小化接触弹跳的方法和系统，当可动触点的振荡相位倾向于将触点压在一起时，控制开关闭合发生在可动触点以低速行进时 并且当在第一压电层中产生的闭合力的大小仅为其最大值的一部分时。
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10.发明授权Method for prepolarizing and centering a piezoceramic power switching device 失效压电陶瓷功率开关装置的前极化和定中心的方法
公开(公告)号：US4680840A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-21
申请号：US839768
申请日：1986-03-14
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01H11/00 , H01H2050/025 , Y10T29/42
摘要： This application describes a number of novel advanced piezoelectric ceramic power switching devices which are mounted within protective gastight enclosures that are either evacuated to a high degree of vacuum or filled with an inert gas protective atmosphere. The devices thus constructed are capable of operating over a range of load voltages extending from about 100 volts to 5000 volts or more with corresponding currents of from a few amperes to hundreds of amperes and wherein it is possible to provide a number of such structures in a single common protective gastight enclosure. For certain circuit applications the devices thus constructed have unpoled portions on which are mounted either passive circuit components such as resistors, capacitors and the like or active semiconductor devices all interconnected in circuit relationship with each other and the switching devices by using printed circuit or integrated circuit fabrication techniques. In these devices, stray circuit impedances whether capacitive, inductive or resistive in nature can be reduced to an absolute minimum by appropriate designs. Such complementary circuit components and active semiconductor devices can be, if desired, mounted within the common protective enclosures in close proximity to the piezoceramic switching devices to which they are connected, or alternatively may be mounted exteriorly of the protective enclosures.
摘要翻译： 该应用描述了许多新颖的先进的压电陶瓷功率开关装置，其安装在保护性气密性外壳内，其被抽空到高真空度或填充有惰性气体保护气氛。 如此构造的器件能够在从几百安培到几百安培的相应电流的范围内从大约100伏特延伸到5000伏或更大的负载电压的范围内操作，并且其中可以提供多个这样的结构 单一普通保护气密性外壳。 对于某些电路应用，如此构造的器件具有非绝缘部分，其上安装有诸如电阻器，电容器等的无源电路部件或全部以电路关系彼此互连的有源半导体器件，并且开关器件通过使用印刷电路或集成电路 制造技术。 在这些器件中，通过适当的设计，电容，电感或电阻性质的杂散电路阻抗可以降低到绝对最小值。 如果需要，这样的互补电路部件和有源半导体器件可以安装在普通的保护外壳内，靠近与它们连接的压电陶瓷开关器件，或者可选地安装在保护外壳的外部。
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