摘要:
A method for pollution abatement in groundwaters comprises drilling a series of wells in the path of an advancing front of contaminants in an aquifer, and using the wells to introduce into the aquifer an adsorbent for the particular contaminants present.
摘要:
A device for mixing a plurality of liquid components in preselected proportions to form a mixture of the liquid components. The device includes a separate liquid component storage reservoir for each liquid component, a pump, means to successively connect the suction of the pump to each reservoir, and proportioning means to control the switching of the pump suction to each storage reservoir for a short, controlled time interval during each of a series of operating cycles which are repeated throughout the mixing operations.
摘要:
A method of developing a new coating having a desired performance characteristic with regard to a property of a coating is provided. The method includes the steps of: a) providing an array of coating wells, each well configured for receiving a coating material having a known parameter; b) placing a coating material having the known parameter in each coating well, varying the parameter so as to provide a plurality of coating material having different parameter values in a plurality of coating wells; c) correlating the value of the parameter for the coatings deposited in each of the plurality of coating wells with the position of the coating well in the array, whereby a parameter value is associated with each coating well position in the array; d) applying a coating leveling force to the array of coating wells to level the coating material in the coating wells; e) testing the coatings in the array to analyze the relationship between the position in the array and performance with regard to the property of the coating material, whereby the value of the parameter can be correlated to the performance of the coating with regard to the property of the coating. Optionally, the coatings in the array may be dried while the leveling force is applied. The above combinatorial, high-throughput method of screening candidate coat materials results in a substantial increase in the discovery rate of new coating materials. The moisture barrier characteristics of a film may be determined by providing a vapor sensitive color changing layer, with the film to be measured overlying the vapor sensitive layer, exposing the film to the vapor, and subsequently measuring the color changes.
摘要:
Disclosed are apparatus and associated methods for determining haze for various materials. More particularly, an efficient, high throughput screening methodology for the determination of haze of a plurality of materials is provided whereby contrast reduction characteristics of materials are utilized to determine haze. When utilized with a plurality of materials displayed in an array on a carrier, the present invention provides a substantive increase in the rate of discovery of haze characteristics of materials.
摘要:
The buildup of heavy polynuclear aromatic compounds in a hydrocracking system is controlled by contacting at least a portion of the recycle oil to the hydrocracker with a porous solid that has been treated with an acid. The porous solid serves as a support for the acid, thereby presenting the recycle oil with a high surface area for contact with the acid, which extracts the heavy polynuclear aromatic compounds from the recycle oil. A preferred acid-treated support is an amorphous silica that has been impregnated with sulfuric acid.
摘要:
Organic tracers are employed to monitor the movement of subterranean fluids. These organic tracers are (a) stable at elevated temperatures, (b) capable of being detected at low concentrations, and/or (c) not adversely affected by the make-up of at least one subterranean formation. In addition, a plurality of these tracers can be measured by a single analytical technique.
摘要:
A combinatorial, high-throughput screening method is described for developing new coatings having a performance characteristic of a coating property which results in a substantial increase in the discovery rate of new coating materials. The method includes the steps of providing an array of wells (18) for receiving candidate coating materials having a parameter; placing coating materials in each well (16) while varying the coating material parameter correlating the coating material position in the array to the variation of the coating material parameter; applying a coating leveling force to and optionally drying the coating materials in the array of coating wells (19); testing the coatings with regard to the desired performance characteristic (21) and correlating the result of the test to the well position in the array that thereby coating materials having the desired performance characteristic may be discovered.
摘要:
An integrated system of non-condensable gas (NCG) and condensate treatment allows geothermal power plant condensate and non-condensable gas effluent streams containing H.sub.2 S and ammonia to be commercially useful for more than for cooling tower makeup. In the preferred embodiment, the pH of the condensate is increased by adding ammonia and the pH increased stream is contacted with NCG to scrub and oxidize the H.sub.2 S constituent of the NCG. By reducing the pH, the condensate or aqueous stream mixture can also be used to further transfer ammonia from the non-condensable gas stream to the aqueous stream, enriching the stream for use as a fertilizer/irrigation water mixture. If other commercial uses are desired for the mixture and/or oxidized NCG streams, they can be resin treated to remove the ammonia constituent. With the ammonia and H.sub.2 S constituents decreased, the condensate may be used for a variety of applications and the NCG can be injected or used as a commercial feed stream. Rejuvenation of the resin may be accomplished by recycling and purging with the treated NCG. The effluent purge gas may be used to further enrich irrigation waters. A nearly total elimination of all emissions from the geothermal power is thereby made possible.