公开(公告)号：US06933496B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-23

申请号：US09883665

申请日：2001-06-18

Applicant: Jackson C. Koo ,  Conrad M. Yu

Inventor： Jackson C. Koo ,  Conrad M. Yu

IPC: G01N27/64 ,  B01D59/44 ,  H01J49/00

CPC classification number: G01N27/622

Abstract: An ion mobility sensor which can detect both ion and molecules simultaneously. Thus, one can measure the relative arrival times between various ions and molecules. Different ions have different mobility in air, and the ion sensor enables measurement of ion mobility, from which one can identify the various ions and molecules. The ion mobility sensor which utilizes a pair of glow discharge devices may be designed for coupling with an existing gas chromatograph, where various gas molecules are already separated, but numbers of each kind of molecules are relatively small, and in such cases a conventional ion mobility sensor cannot be utilized.

Abstract translation: 可同时检测离子和分子的离子迁移率传感器。 因此，可以测量各种离子和分子之间的相对到达时间。 不同的离子在空气中具有不同的迁移率，离子传感器可以测量离子迁移率，从而可以从中识别各种离子和分子。 利用一对辉光放电装置的离子迁移率传感器可以被设计成与现有的气相色谱仪耦合，其中各种气体分子已被分离，但是各种分子的数量相对较小，在这种情况下，常规的离子迁移率 传感器不能使用。

公开(公告)号：US06649078B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-18

申请号：US09732004

申请日：2000-12-06

Applicant: Conrad M. Yu

Inventor： Conrad M. Yu

IPC: C03C1500

CPC classification number: B81C1/00071 ,  B01L3/502707 ,  B01L2200/12 ,  B81B2201/058 ,  B81B2203/0376

Abstract: Method and system of forming microfluidic capillaries in a variety of substrate materials. A first layer of a material such as silicon dioxide is applied to a channel etched in substrate. A second, sacrificial layer of a material such as a polymer is deposited on the first layer. A third layer which may be of the same material as the first layer is placed on the second layer. The sacrificial layer is removed to form a smooth walled capillary in the substrate.

Abstract translation: 在各种基材中形成微流体毛细管的方法和系统。 将诸如二氧化硅的材料的第一层施加到在衬底中蚀刻的沟道。 第二层，诸如聚合物的材料的牺牲层沉积在第一层上。 可以与第一层材料相同的第三层被放置在第二层上。 除去牺牲层以在衬底中形成平滑壁的毛细管。

公开(公告)号：US5882496A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-16

申请号：US807152

申请日：1997-02-27

Applicant: M. Allen Northrup ,  Conrad M. Yu ,  Norman F. Raley

Inventor： M. Allen Northrup ,  Conrad M. Yu ,  Norman F. Raley

IPC: B01D39/20 ,  B01D57/02 ,  B01D71/02 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01L3/00 ,  G01N27/447 ,  G01N27/27 ,  B01D24/00 ,  B01D53/22

CPC classification number: B01D67/0044 ,  B01D39/2006 ,  B01D57/02 ,  B01D71/02 ,  B01J19/0093 ,  B01L3/502707 ,  B01L3/50273 ,  B01L3/502738 ,  G01N27/44743 ,  G01N27/44791 ,  B01D2325/04 ,  B01J2219/00828 ,  B01J2219/00873 ,  B01J2219/00905 ,  B01J2219/00912 ,  B01L2300/0645 ,  B01L2300/0681 ,  B01L2300/1827 ,  B01L2400/0421 ,  B01L2400/0442 ,  B01L2400/0688 ,  Y10S977/832 ,  Y10S977/888

Abstract: Fabrication and use of porous silicon structures to increase surface area of heated reaction chambers, electrophoresis devices, and thermopneumatic sensor-actuators, chemical preconcentrates, and filtering or control flow devices. In particular, such high surface area or specific pore size porous silicon structures will be useful in significantly augmenting the adsorption, vaporization, desorption, condensation and flow of liquids and gasses in applications that use such processes on a miniature scale. Examples that will benefit from a high surface area, porous silicon structure include sample preconcentrators that are designed to adsorb and subsequently desorb specific chemical species from a sample background; chemical reaction chambers with enhanced surface reaction rates; and sensor-actuator chamber devices with increased pressure for thermopneumatic actuation of integrated membranes. Examples that benefit from specific pore sized porous silicon are chemical/biological filters and thermally-activated flow devices with active or adjacent surfaces such as electrodes or heaters.

Abstract translation: 制造和使用多孔硅结构以增加加热的反应室，电泳装置和热气传感器致动器，化学预浓缩物和过滤或控制流动装置的表面积。 特别地，这种高表面积或特定孔径的多孔硅结构在用于微小尺度的这些方法的应用中将可用于显着增加液体和气体的吸附，汽化，解吸，冷凝和流动。 将受益于高表面积的多孔硅结构的实例包括样品预浓缩器，其设计成吸附并随后从样品背景中解吸特定化学物质; 具有增强的表面反应速率的化学反应室; 以及具有增加压力的传感器致动器室装置，用于集成膜的热气动致动。 受益于特定孔径多孔硅的实例是化学/生物过滤器和具有活性或相邻表面的热活化流动装置，例如电极或加热器。

公开(公告)号：US5583281A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-10

申请号：US499625

申请日：1995-07-07

Applicant: Conrad M. Yu

Inventor： Conrad M. Yu

IPC: G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/20 ,  G01N30/60

CPC classification number: G01N30/20 ,  G01N30/6095 ,  G01N2030/205 ,  G01N30/02

Abstract: A microminiature gas chromatograph (.mu.GC) comprising a least one silicon wafer, a gas injector, a column, and a detector. The gas injector has a normally closed valve for introducing a mobile phase including a sample gas in a carrier gas. The valve is fully disposed in the silicon wafer(s). The column is a microcapillary in silicon crystal with a stationary phase and is mechanically connected to receive the mobile phase from the gas injector for the molecular separation of compounds in the sample gas. The detector is mechanically connected to the column for the analysis of the separated compounds of sample gas with electronic means, e.g., ion cell, field emitter and PIN diode.

Abstract translation: 包含至少一个硅晶片，气体注入器，柱和检测器的微型气相色谱仪（μGC）。 气体喷射器具有常闭阀，用于将包括样品气体的流动相引入载气中。 阀完全设置在硅晶片中。 该柱是具有固定相的硅晶体中的微毛细管，并机械连接以从气体注入器接收流动相，用于样品气体中化合物的分子分离。 检测器机械地连接到色谱柱，用于分析样品气体分离的化合物与电子装置，例如离子电池，场致发射体和PIN二极管。

公开(公告)号：US6068780A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-30

申请号：US892586

申请日：1997-07-14

Applicant: Conrad M. Yu

Inventor： Conrad M. Yu

IPC: G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/56 ,  G01N30/60 ,  B01D15/08

CPC classification number: G01N30/6095 ,  G01N2030/025 ,  G01N2030/567 ,  G01N30/6004

Abstract: A micro-miniature gas chromatograph column is fabricated by forming matching halves of a circular cross-section spiral microcapillary in two silicon wafers and then bonding the two wafers together using visual or physical alignment methods. Heating wires are deposited on the outside surfaces of each wafer in a spiral or serpentine pattern large enough in area to cover the whole microcapillary area inside the joined wafers. The visual alignment method includes etching through an alignment window in one wafer and a precision-matching alignment target in the other wafer. The two wafers are then bonded together using the window and target. The physical alignment methods include etching through vertical alignment holes in both wafers and then using pins or posts through corresponding vertical alignment holes to force precision alignment during bonding. The pins or posts may be withdrawn after curing of the bond. Once the wafers are bonded together, a solid phase of very pure silicone is injected in a solution of very pure chloroform into one end of the microcapillary. The chloroform lowers the viscosity of the silicone enough that a high pressure hypodermic needle with a thumbscrew plunger can force the solution into the whole length of the spiral microcapillary. The chloroform is then evaporated out slowly to leave the silicone behind in a deposit.

Abstract translation: 通过在两个硅晶片中形成圆形横截面螺旋微毛细管的匹配半部，然后使用视觉或物理对准方法将两个晶片结合在一起来制造微型气相色谱仪柱。 加热丝以大到足以覆盖接合的晶片内的整个微毛细管区域的螺旋或蛇形图案沉积在每个晶片的外表面上。 视觉对准方法包括通过一个晶片中的对准窗口和另一个晶片中的精密匹配对准目标进行蚀刻。 然后使用窗口和目标将两个晶片粘合在一起。 物理对准方法包括通过两个晶片中的垂直对准孔蚀刻，然后通过相应的垂直对准孔使用销或柱，以在接合期间迫使精确对准。 在固化焊接后，销或柱可以被取出。 一旦晶片结合在一起，将非常纯的硅氧烷的固相注入到非常纯的氯仿的溶液中到微毛细管的一端。 氯仿降低了硅胶的粘度，足以使用带有指旋螺丝柱塞的高压皮下注射针将液体推入螺旋微毛细管的整个长度。 然后缓慢蒸发氯仿，使沉积物中的硅酮留下。

公开(公告)号：US4316786A

公开(公告)日：1982-02-23

申请号：US188791

申请日：1980-09-19

Applicant: Conrad M. Yu ,  John D. Illige

Inventor： Conrad M. Yu ,  John D. Illige

IPC: B01F11/02 ,  C25D17/16 ,  C25D21/10 ,  C25D21/12

CPC classification number: C25D21/10 ,  B01F11/025 ,  C25D17/16 ,  Y10S376/916

Abstract: The thickness, uniformity, and surface smoothness requirements for surface coatings of glass microspheres for use as targets for laser fusion research are critical. Because of their minute size, the microspheres are difficult to manipulate and control in electroplating systems. The electroplating apparatus (10) of the present invention addresses these problems by providing a cathode cell (20) having a cell chamber (22), a cathode (23) and an anode (26) electrically isolated from each other and connected to an electrical power source (24). During the plating process, the cathode (23) is controllably vibrated along with solution pulse to maintain the particles in random free motion so as to attain the desired properties.

Abstract translation: 玻璃微球的表面涂层的厚度，均匀度和表面平滑度要求用作激光融合研究的目标是至关重要的。 由于它们的微小尺寸，微球在电镀系统中难以操作和控制。 本发明的电镀设备（10）通过提供具有电池室（22），阴极（23）和阳极（26）的阴极单元（20）来解决这些问题，所述阴极单元彼此电隔离并连接到电气 电源（24）。 在电镀过程中，阴极（23）与溶液脉冲一起可控地振动，以保持颗粒随机自由运动，从而获得所需的性能。

公开(公告)号：US07343779B1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-18

申请号：US11295233

申请日：2005-12-05

Applicant: Conrad M. Yu

Inventor： Conrad M. Yu

IPC: G01N30/06 ,  G01N30/26 ,  G01N30/62

CPC classification number: G01N30/08 ,  G01N2030/0095 ,  G01N2030/025 ,  G01N2030/085 ,  G01N2030/3007

Abstract: A hand-held, ultra-sensitive gas chromatograph which provides real time detection and analysis of chemical compounds or impurities is disclosed. The detection sensitivity ranges from parts per trillion to parts per million with an average retention time ranging from thirty to forty-five seconds. Optimum calculated effective plate number is 55,000, with a response time on the order of two minutes. The self-contained apparatus operates on twenty-four watts, weighs twelve pounds, and measures 8″×6″×13.″

Abstract translation: 公开了一种提供实时检测和分析化合物或杂质的手持式超灵敏气相色谱仪。 检测灵敏度范围从万亿分之几到百万分之一，平均保留时间为三十四十五秒。 最佳计算有效盘数为55,000，响应时间约为2分钟。 独立设备运行二十四瓦，重十二磅，测量8''x6''x13。

公开(公告)号：US06736000B2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-18

申请号：US09919171

申请日：2001-11-15

Applicant: Jackson C. Koo ,  Conrad M. Yu

Inventor： Jackson C. Koo ,  Conrad M. Yu

IPC: G01N3002

CPC classification number: G01N27/70 ,  G01N30/64 ,  G01N2030/642

Abstract: A highly sensitive electronic ion cell for the measurement of trace elements in He carrier gas which involves glow discharge. A constant wave (CW) stable glow discharge detector which is controlled through a biased resistor, can detect the change of electron density caused by impurities in the He carrier gas by many orders of magnitude larger than that caused by direct ionization or electron capture. The stable glow discharge detector utilizes a floating pseudo-electrode to form a probe in or near the plasma and a solid rod electrode. By using this probe, the large variation of electron density due to trace amounts of impurities can be directly measured. The solid rod electrode provides greater stability and thus easier alignment.

Abstract translation: 用于测量He载气中微量元素的高灵敏度电子离子电池，涉及辉光放电。 通过偏置电阻器控制的恒定波（CW）稳定辉光放电检测器可以检测由He载流子中的杂质引起的电子密度的变化比直接电离或电子捕获引起的电子密度变化多许多个数量级。 稳定的辉光放电检测器利用浮动的伪电极在等离子体中或其附近形成探针，以及固体棒电极。 通过使用该探针，可以直接测量由微量杂质引起的电子密度的大变化。 实心棒电极提供更大的稳定性，从而更容易对准。

公开(公告)号：US06457347B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-01

申请号：US09464668

申请日：1999-12-15

Applicant: Jackson C. Koo ,  Conrad M. Yu

Inventor： Jackson C. Koo ,  Conrad M. Yu

IPC: G01N3000

CPC classification number: G01N27/70 ,  G01N30/64 ,  G01N2030/642

Abstract: A highly sensitive electronic ion cell for the measurement of trace elements in He carrier gas which involves glow discharge. A constant wave (CW) glow discharge detector which is controlled through a biased resistor, can detect the change of electron density caused by impurities in the He carrier gas by many orders of magnitude larger than that caused by direct ionization or electron capture. The glow discharge detector utilizes a floating pseudo-electrode to form a probe in or near the plasma. By using this probe, the large variation of electron density due to trace amounts of impurities can be directly measured.

Abstract translation: 用于测量He载气中微量元素的高灵敏度电子离子电池，涉及辉光放电。 通过偏置电阻器控制的恒定（CW）辉光放电检测器可以检测由He载流子中的杂质引起的电子密度的变化比直接电离或电子俘获引起的电子密度变化多许多个数量级。 辉光放电检测器利用浮动伪电极在等离子体中或附近形成探针。 通过使用该探针，可以直接测量由微量杂质引起的电子密度的大变化。

公开(公告)号：US06306200B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-23

申请号：US09441902

申请日：1999-11-17

Applicant: Conrad M. Yu

Inventor： Conrad M. Yu

IPC: B01D1508

CPC classification number: G01N30/466 ,  G01N30/78 ,  G01N30/88 ,  G01N2030/0095 ,  G01N2030/025 ,  G01N2030/8881

Abstract: A multiple parallel hand-held gas chromatograph (GC) system which includes several independent GCs. Each independent GC has its own injector, separation column, detector and oven and the GCs are mounted in a light weight hand-held assembly. Each GC operates independently and simultaneously. Because of different coatings in different separation columns, different retention times for the same gas will be measured. Thus, for a GC system with multiple parallel GCs, the system can measure, in a short period, different retention times and provide a cross-reference in the determination of the measured gas and to become a two-dimensional system for direct field use.

Abstract translation: 一种多并行手持式气相色谱仪（GC）系统，包括几个独立的气相色谱仪。 每个独立的GC都有自己的注射器，分离柱，检测器和烤箱，GC安装在重量轻的手持组件中。 每个GC独立运行并同时运行。 由于不同分离柱中的不同涂层，将测量相同气体的不同保留时间。 因此，对于具有多个并联GC的GC系统，系统可以在短时间内测量不同的保留时间，并在确定测量的气体时提供交叉参考，并成为用于直接现场使用的二维系统。