Abstract:
A compound for use as an additive to gasoline or as a fuel is provided. The compound has the molecular formula: ##STR1## is provided where R is CH.sub.3, C.sub.3 H.sub.6, C.sub.7 H.sub.8, C.sub.6 H.sub.10, or C.sub.10 H.sub.18 ; R.sub.1 is a carbonyl group (C.dbd.O), R.sub.2 is H or --OH (hydroxyl), and R.sub.3 is an aliphatic compound or a silicon compound. The product is formed through pressure reaction to generate energy chain and change the original molecular structure to form a closed chain. Due to the reaction mechanism, a mixture is provided which is approximately 40.about.70% alcohol, approximately 2.5.about.18% ketone and ethers, and approximately 4.about.20% aliphatic and silicon compounds. It has 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 18 hydrogen and 3 to 16 oxygen atoms. The mixture is added to gasoline to provide a fuel mixture. The fuel mixture contains up to 70% by volume of the additive mixture. When added to gasoline, the compound of the invention increases motor power and reduces pollutants put out by the motor.
Abstract translation:提供了用作汽油或燃料添加剂的化合物。 该化合物具有分子式:其中R是CH 3,C 3 H 6,C 7 H 8,C 6 H 10或C 10 H 18; R1为羰基(C = O),R2为H或-OH(羟基),R3为脂肪族化合物或硅化合物。 产物通过压力反应形成,产生能量链,改变原有的分子结构形成闭合链。 由于反应机理,提供了一种混合物,其为约40%的70%醇,约2.5%的18%酮和醚,以及约4%的20%脂族和硅化合物。 它具有2至10个碳原子和3至18个氢和3至16个氧原子。 将混合物加入到汽油中以提供燃料混合物。 燃料混合物含有高达70体积%的添加剂混合物。 当添加到汽油中时,本发明的化合物增加电机功率并减少由电动机排出的污染物。
Abstract:
A BGA semiconductor package having an embedded heat sink is proposed. The heat sink mounted on a substrate includes a flat portion and supporting members for supporting the flat portion to be positioned above a semiconductor chip. The flat portion is formed with at least one taper air vent for ventilating air in a gap between the flat portion and the chip during a molding process. This further helps prevent voids from forming in an encapsulant due to the air trapped in a molding resin as being flowing slowly through the gap, and avoid the occurrence of a popcorn effect on the encapsulant during a temperature cycle in subsequent processes. As a result, quality and yield for the packaged products can be significantly improved.
Abstract:
A test cell conditioner (TCC) surrogate cleaning device for cleaning the pin elements in a socket or electrical interface receptacle of a load board includes a main testing frame, a plurality of trays, testing chip receptacles and one or more pick up devices. Chips to be tested (electronic elements) are entrained on a tray, and a plurality of adhesive cleaning chips are entrained on another tray. The adhesive cleaning chip contains a solid layer and an adhesive layer, and an abrasive material is mingled in the adhesive layer. The pick up device removes the adhesive cleaning chip to a position above the testing chip receptacle and cleans up the oxides and other foreign materials sticking on the receptacle by absorption or abrasion. Interrupting the operation of the apparatus to clean the test probe by etching can be excluded so as to improve the working efficiency.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a semiconductor sensor for measuring the contact shear stress distribution between the socket of an above-knee (AK) prostheses and the soft tissue of an amputee's stump. The sensor is fabricated by the micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology, and its main sensing part is 2-X shaped with a flange structure. The sensor is prepared by anisotropic wet etching of bulk silicon in KOH solution and a square flange above the sensing diaphragm is formed through surface micromachining of deposited SiO2 thin film. This invention has the following characteristics: piezo-resistivity of the monolithic silicon will be utilized to convert shear deformation of the sensor into an electrical signal and a micro sensor which can measure the shear force vector acting on the sensing flange.
Abstract:
A compound for use as a diesel fuel additive to gasoline or as a diesel fuel is provided. The compound has the molecular formula: ##STR1## is provided where R is CH.sub.3, C.sub.6 H.sub.10, C.sub.10 H.sub.18, or C.sub.12 H.sub.25. R.sub.1 is a carbonyl group (C.dbd.O), R.sub.2 is HR--OH (hydroxyl). R.sub.1 is a carbonyl group (C.dbd.O), R.sub.2 is HR--OH (hydroxyl). An R.sub.3 is a silicone compound. The product is formed through pressure reaction to generate energy and change the original molecular structure to form a closed chain. Due to the reaction mechanism, a mixture is provided which is approximately 30%-55% alcohol, approximately 25%-35% ketones, and approximately 3%-10% silicon compounds. It has 3-5 carbon atoms and 9-18 hydrogen and 3-5 oxygen atoms.The mixture is added to gasoline to provide a diesel fuel mixture. The fuel mixture contains up to 10%-30% by volume of the additive mixture. When added to gasoline, the compound of the invention increases motor power and reduces pollutants put out by the motor.
Abstract translation:提供了用作汽油柴油燃料添加剂或柴油燃料的化合物。 该化合物具有分子式:其中R是CH 3,C 6 H 10,C 10 H 18或C 12 H 25。 R1是羰基(C = O),R2是HR-OH(羟基)。 R1是羰基(C = O),R2是HR-OH(羟基)。 R3是硅氧烷化合物。 该产物通过压力反应形成以产生能量并改变原来的分子结构以形成闭合链。 由于反应机理,提供了约30%-55%的醇,约25%-35%的酮和约3%-10%的硅化合物的混合物。 它有3-5个碳原子和9-18个氢原子和3-5个氧原子。 将混合物加入到汽油中以提供柴油混合物。 燃料混合物含有高达10%-30%(体积)的添加剂混合物。 当添加到汽油中时,本发明的化合物增加电机功率并减少由电动机排出的污染物。
Abstract:
A lead-frame type semiconductor package is provided, including: a lead frame having a plurality of long leads and short leads, wherein a chip-attaching area is defined on the plurality of long leads, and at least a portion of each of the long leads within the chip-attaching area is formed with a recess; a chip mounted on the chip-attaching area and covering the recesses; a plurality of bonding wires for electrically connecting the chip to the corresponding long leads and short leads around the chip; and an encapsulant for encapsulating the chip, the plurality of bonding wires, a portion of the long leads and a portion of the short leads, wherein the encapsulant is filled into the recesses and gaps between the long leads, so as to solve a problem of incomplete filling in a conventional package.
Abstract:
A method for fabricating thin film transistors (TFT) of a TFT-LCD. The method first forms a gate electrode of the TFT in a transistor area of a substrate. Then a first dielectric layer, a light shielding layer, a second dielectric layer, a semiconductor layer, a doped silicon conductive layer and a second metal layer are sequentially formed on the gate electrode so as to form the TFT in the transistor area. A channel area is defined in the TFT for separating the second metal layer and the doped silicon conductive layer so as to respectively form a source electrode and a drain electrode of the TFT. Finally, a passivation layer and a transparent conductive layer are sequentially formed on the drain electrode, and the transparent conductive layer is connected with the drain electrode through a first via hole of the passivation layer.