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公开(公告)号：US06451196B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-17
申请号：US08952419
申请日：1999-01-04
IPC分类号： G01N2733
CPC分类号： G01N33/5438 , C12Q1/002
摘要： An improved membrane based biosensor incorporates sensing and reference electrodes and a dc electrical potential produced by a counter electrode. The biosensor incorporates ionophores. The conductivity of the membrane is dependent on the presence or absence of an analyte. A functional reservoir exists between the sensing electrode and a lipid membrane deposited on the sensing electrode. The invention also includes the method of detecting the presence or absence of the analyte by use of the biosensor.
摘要翻译： 改进的基于膜的生物传感器包含感测和参考电极以及由对电极产生的直流电位。 生物传感器包含离子载体。 膜的电导率取决于分析物的存在或不存在。 在感测电极和沉积在感测电极上的脂质膜之间存在功能储存器。 本发明还包括通过使用生物传感器检测分析物的存在或不存在的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06348319B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-19
申请号：US09125068
申请日：1998-11-10
申请人： Vijoleta Lucija Bronislava Braach-Maksvytis , Bruce Andrew Cornell , David Geoffrey Thomson , Burkhard Raguse
发明人： Vijoleta Lucija Bronislava Braach-Maksvytis , Bruce Andrew Cornell , David Geoffrey Thomson , Burkhard Raguse
IPC分类号： G01N33573
CPC分类号： G01N33/5438 , C12Q1/001 , C12Q1/002 , Y10S435/817 , Y10S436/806
摘要： The present invention provides a biosensor for use in detecting the presence of an enzyme or enzymes in a sample. The biosensor comprises a membrane and means for determining the impedance of the membrane. The membrane includes ionophores therein to which are attached linkers. The linkers are cleavable by the enzyme or enzymes to be detected, with the cleavage of the linker causing a change in the ability of ions to pass through the membrane via the ionophores.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于检测样品中酶或酶的存在的生物传感器。 生物传感器包括膜和用于确定膜的阻抗的装置。 膜中包括离子载体，附着的接头。 接头可被被检测的酶或酶切割，连接体的切割导致离子通过离子载体穿过膜的能力发生变化。
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公开(公告)号：US06342346B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-29
申请号：US09262097
申请日：1999-03-04
申请人： Burkhard Raguse , Ronald John Pace , Lionel George King , Vijoleta Lucija Braach-Maksvytis , Bruce Cornell
发明人： Burkhard Raguse , Ronald John Pace , Lionel George King , Vijoleta Lucija Braach-Maksvytis , Bruce Cornell
IPC分类号： G01N3350
CPC分类号： C12Q1/002 , G01N33/5438 , Y10S435/817 , Y10S436/806
摘要： Electrode membrane combinations for use in biosensors to detect analytes in a sample and methods for making and storing same are disclosed. In one aspect, a method is provided for producing a first layer electrode membrane comprising: (1) Forming a solution containing Linker Lipid A, the disulfide of mercaptoacetic acid (MAAD) or similar molecule, linker Gramicidin B, membrane spanning lipid C (MSL-C) and membrane spanning lipid D (MSL-D) or other suitable linker molecules and other ion channel combinations; (2) Contacting an electrode containing a clean gold surface with the solution, the disulfide containing components in the solution thus adsorbing onto the gold surface of the electrode; (3) Rinsing the electrode with a suitable organic solvent; and (4) Removing the excess organic solvent used for rinsing.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于生物传感器检测样品中的分析物的电极膜组合以及用于制备和存储样品的方法。 一方面，提供了一种用于制备第一层电极膜的方法，其包括：（1）形成含有接头脂质A，巯基乙酸（MAAD）或类似分子的二硫化物的溶液，连接剂杀伤菌素B，跨越脂质C -C）和覆盖脂质D（MSL-D）或其它合适的接头分子和其它离子通道组合的膜;（2）将含有清洁金表面的电极与溶液接触，将溶液中的二硫化物的组分吸附在 电极的金表面;（3）用合适的有机溶剂冲洗电极; 和（4）除去用于漂洗的过量有机溶剂。
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公开(公告)号：US5798030A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US826904
申请日：1997-04-09
IPC分类号： C12Q1/00 , G01N27/333 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： C12Q1/001 , G01N27/3275 , Y10S435/817
摘要： The present invention relates to a novel biosensor comprising an electrode membrane combination. This novel biosensor employs compounds include a linker lipid for use in attaching a membrane including a plurality of ionophores to an electrode and providing a space between the membrane and the electrode, the electrode being either in part or totally made up of the linker lipid. The linker lipid comprises within the same molecule a hydrophobic region capable of spanning the membrane, an attachment group used to attach the molecule to an electrode surface, a hydrophilic region intermediate said hydrophobic region and the attachment group and a polar head group region attached to the hydrophobic region at a site remote from the hydrophilic region.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及包含电极膜组合的新型生物传感器。 这种新颖的生物传感器使用化合物包括用于将包含多个离子载体的膜附着到电极并且在膜和电极之间提供空间的接头脂质，电极部分或全部由接头脂质组成。 接头脂质在同一分子内包含能跨越膜的疏水区域，用于将分子连接到电极表面的附着基团，所述疏水区域和附着基团之间的亲水区域和连接到 疏水区域远离亲水区域。
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公开(公告)号：US07116209B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-03
申请号：US10487597
申请日：2002-08-26
IPC分类号： G01L1/22
CPC分类号： G01L1/2293
摘要： The present invention provides a strain gauge comprising a resistive layer. The resistive layer comprises metallic or semiconducting nanoparticles or aggregates thereof in which the nanoparticles or aggregates thereof are separated by insulating and/or semiconducting material.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种包括电阻层的应变仪。 电阻层包括金属或半导体纳米颗粒或其聚集体，其中纳米颗粒或其聚集体由绝缘和/或半导体材料分离。
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公开(公告)号：US06291155B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-18
申请号：US09262098
申请日：1999-03-04
申请人： Burkhard Raguse , Ronald John Pace , Lionel George King , Vijoleta Lucija Braach-Maksvytis , Bruce Cornell
发明人： Burkhard Raguse , Ronald John Pace , Lionel George King , Vijoleta Lucija Braach-Maksvytis , Bruce Cornell
IPC分类号： G01N33553
CPC分类号： C12Q1/002 , G01N33/5438 , Y10S435/817 , Y10S436/806
摘要： Electrode membrane combinations for use in biosensors to detect analytes in a sample and methods for making and storing same are disclosed. In one aspect, a method is provided for producing a first layer electrode membrane comprising: (1) Forming a solution containing Linker Lipid A, the disulfide of mercaptoacetic acid (MAAD) or similar molecule, linker Gramicidin B, membrane spanning lipid C (MSL-C) and membrane spanning lipid D (MSL-D) or other suitable linker molecules and other ion channel combinations; (2) Contacting an electrode containing a clean gold surface with the solution, the disulfide containing components in the solution thus adsorbing onto the gold surface of the electrode; (3) Rinsing the electrode with a suitable organic solvent; and (4) Removing the excess organic solvent used for rinsing.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于生物传感器检测样品中的分析物的电极膜组合以及用于制备和存储样品的方法。 一方面，提供了一种用于制备第一层电极膜的方法，其包括：（1）形成含有接头脂质A，巯基乙酸（MAAD）或类似分子的二硫化物的溶液，连接剂杀伤菌素B，跨越脂质C -C）和覆盖脂质D（MSL-D）或其它合适的接头分子和其它离子通道组合的膜;（2）将含有清洁金表面的电极与溶液接触，将溶液中的二硫化物的组分吸附在 电极的金表面;（3）用合适的有机溶剂冲洗电极; 和（4）除去用于漂洗的过量有机溶剂。
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公开(公告)号：US5753093A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-19
申请号：US833782
申请日：1997-04-09
IPC分类号： B01D67/00 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/12 , B01D69/14 , B01D71/74 , C07C323/12 , C07C323/18 , C07D495/04 , C07F9/10 , C07K7/08 , C08J5/22 , C12Q1/00 , G01N27/327 , G01N27/333 , G01N27/40 , G01N31/22 , G01N33/543 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： G01N33/54373 , B01D69/122 , B01D69/141 , C07F9/10 , C12Q1/002 , C12Q1/003 , G01N27/327 , G01N31/22 , G01N31/221 , G01N33/5438 , G01N2410/10 , Y10S435/817
摘要： The present invention relates to a novel method for producing an electrode membrane combination. This novel method employs compounds including a linker lipid for use in attaching a membrane including a plurality of ionophores to an electrode and providing a space between the membrane and the electrode, the electrode being either in part or totally made up of the linker lipid. The linker lipid comprises within the same molecule a hydrophobic region capable of spanning the membrane, an attachment group used to attach the molecule to an electrode surface, a hydrophilic region intermediate said hydrophobic region and the attachment group and a polar head group region attached to the hydrophobic region at a site remote from the hydrophilic region.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种生产电极膜组合的新方法。 该新方法使用包括连接体脂质的化合物，用于将包括多个离子载体的膜附着到电极上并在膜和电极之间提供空间，电极部分或全部由接头脂质组成。 接头脂质在同一分子内包含能跨越膜的疏水区域，用于将分子连接到电极表面的附着基团，所述疏水区域和附着基团之间的亲水区域和连接到 疏水区域远离亲水区域。
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公开(公告)号：US20100276302A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-04
申请号：US12525253
申请日：2008-02-01
申请人： Burkhard Raguse , Edith Chow
发明人： Burkhard Raguse , Edith Chow
CPC分类号： G01N27/26 , G01N27/127 , Y10T436/11
摘要： The present invention provides a chemiresistor-based sensor for measuring the presence or amount of analyte in an electrolyte solution; said chemiresistor comprising (i) a chemiresistor film wherein the impedance of said nanoparticle film changes in the presence of an analyte; and (ii) two electrically conducting electrodes in electrical contact with said nanoparticle film; wherein said electrically conducting electrodes are adapted to be connected to a device for measuring the impedance of said chemiresistor film under a voltage signal and wherein the impedance of the double layer capacitor formed by the two electrically conducting electrodes in the presence of the electrolyte solution, is larger than the impedance of the chemiresistor film either before or after exposure of the chemiresistor film to the analyte. A method of using said chemiresistor-based sensor to measure the presence or amount of analyte is also provided. Further provided is a method of determining the partition coefficient of an analyte using said chemiresistor-based sensor.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于测量电解质溶液中分析物的存在或量的基于化学电阻器的传感器; 所述化学电阻器包括（i）化学电阻膜，其中所述纳米颗粒膜的阻抗在分析物存在下改变; 和（ii）与所述纳米颗粒膜电接触的两个导电电极; 其中所述导电电极适于连接到用于在电压信号下测量所述化学电阻膜的阻抗的装置，并且其中在存在电解质溶液的情况下由两个导电电极形成的双层电容器的阻抗是 大于化学电阻膜的暴露于分析物之前或之后的化学电阻膜的阻抗。 还提供了使用所述基于化学传感器的传感器来测量分析物的存在或量的方法。 还提供了使用所述基于化学传感器的传感器来确定分析物的分配系数的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20090317845A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-24
申请号：US11992310
申请日：2006-09-28
申请人： Burkhard Raguse , Lech Wieczorek
发明人： Burkhard Raguse , Lech Wieczorek
IPC分类号： G01N33/53
CPC分类号： G01N29/14 , G01N33/54373 , G01N2291/02416 , G01N2291/0255
摘要： The present invention provides a method for measuring the presence of an analyte in a sample, wherein the presence of the analyte is indicated by the presence or absence of one or more trigger elements that generate an impulsive noise when triggered, comprising the steps of: (a) exposing the one or more trigger elements to a triggering impulse; and (b) detecting the impulsive noise generated by said one or more trigger elements. The present invention further provides reagents that can be used in the method of the present invention.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于测量样品中分析物的存在的方法，其中分析物的存在由触发时产生脉冲噪声的一个或多个触发元件的存在或不存在指示，包括以下步骤：（ a）将一个或多个触发元件暴露于触发脉冲; 和（b）检测由所述一个或多个触发元件产生的脉冲噪声。 本发明还提供可用于本发明方法的试剂。
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公开(公告)号：US06562631B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-13
申请号：US08856552
申请日：1997-05-15
申请人： Vijoleta Lucija Bronislava Braach-Maksvytis , Bruce Andrew Cornell , Lionel George King , Burkhard Raguse
发明人： Vijoleta Lucija Bronislava Braach-Maksvytis , Bruce Andrew Cornell , Lionel George King , Burkhard Raguse
IPC分类号： G01N33561
CPC分类号： G01N33/54366 , Y10S436/806
摘要： The present invention provides an analyte detection device. The device comprises first and second zones, means to allow addition of a probe to the first zone, means to allow addition of a sample suspected to contain an analyte and means to allow passage of the probe from the first zone to the second zone. The first zone contains ligands reactive with the analyte and the second zone includes a membrane the impedance of which is dependent on the presence or absence of the probe and means to measure the impedance of the membrane. It is preferred that the probe includes an ionophore, preferably gramicidin. The present invention also relates to methods of detecting the presence of an analyte.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种分析物检测装置。 该装置包括第一和第二区域，允许将探针添加到第一区域的装置，允许加入怀疑含有分析物的样品的装置，以及允许探针从第一区域通过到第二区域的装置。 第一区含有与分析物反应的配体，第二区包括其阻抗取决于探针的存在或不存在以及测量膜的阻抗的装置的膜。 优选的是，探针包括离子载体，优选短杆菌肽。 本发明还涉及检测分析物的存在的方法。
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