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    Apparatus system and method for measuring a normalized air-to-fuel ratio
    1.
    发明申请
    Apparatus system and method for measuring a normalized air-to-fuel ratio 有权
    用于测量归一化空气 - 燃料比的装置系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070214770A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-09-20

    申请号：US11384740

    申请日：2006-03-20

    Applicant: Brett Martin ,  Alfred Schuppe

    Inventor： Brett Martin ,  Alfred Schuppe

    IPC: F01N3/00 ,  F02D41/00 ,  G06F17/00

    CPC classification number: F02D41/1441 ,  F02D41/1454 ,  F02D41/1458

    Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for measuring a normalized air-to-fuel ratio. A normalized air-to-fuel ratio is measured by providing an engine control module, providing a first wide-band oxygen sensor in fluid communication with an exhaust stream, adjusting the oxygen pumping current to achieve a stoichiometric balance, detecting the oxygen pumping current, converting the oxygen pumping current to an oxygen balance metric, and communicating the oxygen balance metric to the engine control module. In certain embodiments, the oxygen balance metric may be a volumetric oxygen percentage. In some embodiments, the present invention includes a first and second wide-band oxygen sensor upstream and downstream from an exhaust treatment module.

    Abstract translation: 公开了用于测量归一化空气 - 燃料比的装置，系统和方法。 通过提供发动机控制模块来测量标准化的空气 - 燃料比，提供与废气流体流体连通的第一宽带氧传感器，调节氧气泵送电流以实现化学计量平衡，检测氧气泵送电流， 将氧气泵送电流转换为氧平衡度量，并将氧平衡度量传递给发动机控制模块。 在某些实施方案中，氧平衡度可以是体积氧百分数。 在一些实施例中，本发明在排气处理模块的上游和下游包括第一和第二宽带氧传感器。

    Marine Vessel Transfer System
    2.
    发明申请
    Marine Vessel Transfer System 有权
    船舶转运系统

    公开(公告)号：US20070151499A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-07-05

    申请号：US11567476

    申请日：2006-12-06

    Applicant: Kenneth Maloney ,  W. Dubose ,  E. Whittaker ,  Brett Martin ,  Robert Moore

    Inventor： Kenneth Maloney ,  W. Dubose ,  E. Whittaker ,  Brett Martin ,  Robert Moore

    IPC: B63B35/40

    CPC classification number: B63B35/42 ,  Y02T70/121

    Abstract: A vessel transfer system utilizes a larger, surface effect vessel with a hull and a cargo deck, having a pressurized volume of air under its hull. The larger vessel cargo deck is lowered relative to a water surface in order to receive a smaller vessel. Lowering is achieved by depressurizing the volume of pressurized air under the hull. Movable propulsors on an air cushion vehicle permit efficient operation under way in an outer position, while minimizing the envelope dimensions for stowage in a well deck, providing clearance from bridges, docks, etc. in an inner position. In the outer position, the propellers operate in more uniform inflow conditions, resulting in improved performance and lower noise levels. In addition, the craft can be arranged to use a full width stern ramp resulting in time saved during cargo loading/unloading. The propellers will be less likely to ingest green water in high sea states.

    Abstract translation: 船舶转运系统利用较大的表面效应船只与船体和货物甲板，在其船体下具有加压的空气体积。 较大的船只货物甲板相对于水面下降，以便接收较小的船只。 降低通过减压船体下的加压空气的体积来实现。 气垫车上的可移动推进器允许在外部位置进行有效的操作，同时最小化用于在井甲板中的装载的信封尺寸，从而在内部位置提供从桥梁，码头等的间隙。 在外部位置，螺旋桨在更均匀的流入条件下运行，从而提高性能并降低噪音水平。 此外，该工艺可以安排为使用全宽度的船尾斜坡，从而在货物装载/卸载期间节省时间。 螺旋桨将不太可能在高海拔地区摄入绿色水。

    Immobilization of oligonucleotides and proteins in sugar-containing hydrogels
    3.
    发明申请
    Immobilization of oligonucleotides and proteins in sugar-containing hydrogels 有权
    寡糖和蛋白质在含糖水凝胶中的固定

    公开(公告)号：US20050019884A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

    申请号：US10627143

    申请日：2003-07-25

    Applicant: Mark Spector ,  David Stenger ,  Charles Patterson ,  Brett Martin ,  Paul Charles

    Inventor： Mark Spector ,  David Stenger ,  Charles Patterson ,  Brett Martin ,  Paul Charles

    IPC: A61K9/00 ,  C07H1/00 ,  C07H15/00 ,  C08J3/00 ,  C12M1/34 ,  C12N11/00 ,  C12Q20060101 ,  C12Q1/00 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  G01N33/543 ,  G01N33/548

    CPC classification number: G01N33/548 ,  G01N33/54353

    Abstract: We describe the novel use of a sugar-containing hydrogels as very highly porous, aqueous support material for the immobilization of oligonucleotides, peptides, proteins, antigens, antibodies, polysaccharides, and other biomolecules for sensor applications. The unusually large sizes of the interconnected pores allow large target molecules to pass rapidly into and through the gel and bind to immobilized biomolecules. An additional advantage of the sugar-containing hydrogels are their extremely low non-specific absorption of labeled target molecules, providing low background levels. State-of-the-art hydrogel materials do not have this type of homogeneous interconnected macroporosity, thus large target molecules cannot readily diffuse through them. In addition, they nearly always experience non-specific (background) absorption of labeled target molecules, limiting their usefulness in sensor applications. This invention provides a method for preparing a sugar polyacrylate hydrogel with functional chemical groups which covalently bond oligonucleotides and peptides. A method for copolymerizing acrylate-terminated oligonucleotides with sugar acrylate monomers and diacrylate cross-linking agents is also provided.

    Abstract translation: 我们描述了含糖水凝胶作为用于固定寡核苷酸，肽，蛋白质，抗原，抗体，多糖和其他用于传感器应用的生物分子的非常高度多孔的水性载体材料的新用途。 互连孔的异常大尺寸允许大的目标分子快速通过并穿过凝胶并结合固定的生物分子。 含糖水凝胶的另外的优点是它们非常低的标记靶分子的非特异性吸收，提供低的背景水平。 最先进的水凝胶材料不具有这种类型的均匀相互连接的大孔隙度，因此大的靶分子不能容易地通过它们扩散。 此外，它们几乎总是经历非特异性（背景）吸收标记的靶分子，限制了它们在传感器应用中的用途。 本发明提供了制备具有共价键合寡核苷酸和肽的功能化学基团的糖聚丙烯酸酯水凝胶的方法。 还提供了将丙烯酸酯封端的寡核苷酸与糖丙酯单体和二丙烯酸酯交联剂共聚的方法。

    Highly conducting transparent thin polymers films formed from double and multiple layers of poly(3,4, ethylenedioxythiophene) and its derivatives
    4.
    发明授权
    Highly conducting transparent thin polymers films formed from double and multiple layers of poly(3,4, ethylenedioxythiophene) and its derivatives 有权
    由双层和多层聚（3,4-亚乙基二氧噻吩）及其衍生物形成的高导电透明薄聚合物膜

    公开(公告)号：US07691439B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-04-06

    申请号：US11306608

    申请日：2006-01-04

    Applicant: Brett Martin ,  Nikolay Nikolov ,  Ranganathan Shashidhar

    Inventor： Brett Martin ,  Nikolay Nikolov ,  Ranganathan Shashidhar

    IPC: B05D1/38 ,  B05D3/12

    CPC classification number: C08G61/126 ,  C08G61/123 ,  H01B1/127 ,  Y10T428/10 ,  Y10T428/265 ,  Y10T428/269 ,  Y10T428/31504

    Abstract: A polymer film comprising at least two layers, wherein each layer comprises a compound comprising the formula: wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected organic groups. A method of making a polymer film comprising the steps of: providing a monomer solution comprising one or more monomers comprising the formula: wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected organic groups; dispensing the monomer solution onto a substrate; heating the monomer solution on the substrate to polymerize the monomer; and repeating the steps of providing a monomer solution, dispensing, and heating one or more times, wherein the spin-coating is performed on top of the prior spin-coated layer.

    Abstract translation: 一种包含至少两层的聚合物膜，其中每层包含下式的化合物：其中R 1和R 2是独立选择的有机基团。 一种制备聚合物膜的方法，包括以下步骤：提供包含一种或多种包含下式的单体的单体溶液：其中R1和R2独立地选自有机基团; 将单体溶液分配到基材上; 将基体上的单体溶液加热以使单体聚合; 并重复提供单体溶液，分配和加热一次或多次的步骤，其中在现有旋涂层顶部进行旋涂。

    Control of protein activity using a conducting polymer
    5.
    发明申请
    Control of protein activity using a conducting polymer 有权
    使用导电聚合物控制蛋白质活性

    公开(公告)号：US20070037240A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-15

    申请号：US11203575

    申请日：2005-08-11

    Applicant: Brett Martin ,  Luminita Velea ,  Banahalli Ratna ,  Bruce Gaber

    Inventor： Brett Martin ,  Luminita Velea ,  Banahalli Ratna ,  Bruce Gaber

    IPC: C12Q1/34 ,  C12Q1/37 ,  C12M3/00

    CPC classification number: C12Q1/34 ,  G01N2333/924

    Abstract: A device having a substrate and an enzyme attached to the substrate. The substrate has a polymeric surface having at least two conductivity states. A minimum voltage that does not cause a redox reaction in the enzyme may be applied to the polymeric surface to change the conductivity state of the surface. A method of controlling enzyme activity by providing the above substrate with polymeric surface, attaching an enzyme to the substrate, and altering the conductivity state of the polymeric surface. Changing the conductivity of the polymer can change the activity of the enzyme.

    Abstract translation: 具有底物和附着于基底的酶的装置。 基底具有至少两个导电状态的聚合物表面。 可以在聚合物表面施加不会引起酶的氧化还原反应的最小电压，以改变表面的导电性状态。 通过向上述基质提供聚合物表面，将酶连接到基底上并改变聚合物表面的导电性状态来控制酶活性的方法。 改变聚合物的电导率可以改变酶的活性。

    Sugar-containing hydrogel for immobilization
    6.
    发明申请
    Sugar-containing hydrogel for immobilization 有权
    含糖水凝胶用于固定

    公开(公告)号：US20060246499A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-11-02

    申请号：US11444819

    申请日：2006-05-19

    Applicant: Mark Spector ,  David Stenger ,  Charles Patterson ,  Brett Martin ,  Paul Charles

    Inventor： Mark Spector ,  David Stenger ,  Charles Patterson ,  Brett Martin ,  Paul Charles

    IPC: C12Q1/68 ,  C08G63/91 ,  C12M1/34

    CPC classification number: G01N33/548 ,  G01N33/54353

    Abstract: We describe the novel use of a sugar-containing hydrogels as very highly porous, aqueous support material for the immobilization of oligonucleotides, peptides, proteins, antigens, antibodies, polysaccharides, and other biomolecules for sensor applications. The unusually large sizes of the interconnected pores allow large target molecules to pass rapidly into and through the gel and bind to immobilized biomolecules. An additional advantage of the sugar-containing hydrogels are their extremely low non-specific absorption of labeled target molecules, providing low background levels. State-of-the-art hydrogel materials do not have this type of homogeneous interconnected macroporosity, thus large target molecules cannot readily diffuse through them. In addition, they nearly always experience non-specific (background) absorption of labeled target molecules, limiting their usefulness in sensor applications. This invention provides a method for preparing a sugar polyacrylate hydrogel with functional chemical groups which covalently bond oligonucleotides and peptides. A method for copolymerizing acrylate-terminated oligonucleotides with sugar acrylate monomers and diacrylate cross-linking agents is also provided.

    Abstract translation: 我们描述了含糖水凝胶作为用于固定寡核苷酸，肽，蛋白质，抗原，抗体，多糖和其他用于传感器应用的生物分子的非常高度多孔的水性载体材料的新用途。 互连孔的异常大尺寸允许大的目标分子快速通过并穿过凝胶并结合固定的生物分子。 含糖水凝胶的另外的优点是它们非常低的标记靶分子的非特异性吸收，提供低的背景水平。 最先进的水凝胶材料不具有这种类型的均匀相互连接的大孔隙度，因此大的靶分子不能容易地通过它们扩散。 此外，它们几乎总是经历非特异性（背景）吸收标记的靶分子，限制了它们在传感器应用中的用途。 本发明提供了制备具有共价键合寡核苷酸和肽的功能化学基团的糖聚丙烯酸酯水凝胶的方法。 还提供了将丙烯酸酯封端的寡核苷酸与糖丙酯单体和二丙烯酸酯交联剂共聚的方法。

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