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    Polytetrafluoroethylene porous film and process for preparing the same
    73.
    发明授权
    Polytetrafluoroethylene porous film and process for preparing the same 失效
    聚四氟乙烯多孔膜及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US5358678A

    公开(公告)日：1994-10-25

    申请号：US909174

    申请日：1992-07-06

    申请人： Atsushi Nakamura ,  Satoshi Nakashima

    发明人： Atsushi Nakamura ,  Satoshi Nakashima

    IPC分类号： B01D71/36 ,  B29C55/00 ,  B29C55/14 ,  B27J5/00

    CPC分类号： B32B37/04 ,  B01D71/36 ,  B29C55/005 ,  B29C55/14 ,  B32B38/0012 ,  B29K2027/18 ,  B29K2105/04 ,  B29K2627/18 ,  Y10S264/62

    摘要： A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) porous film is formed from a PTFE resin molding powder obtained by suspension polymerization. The film has a porosity of 40 to 80% and a removal ratio of uniform particles having a diameter of 0.2 .mu.m less than 99%, or has a porosity of 40 to 80% and a bubble point of not less than 3 kg/cm.sup.2. This PTFE porous film is obtained by a process of compression-molding a PTFE resin molding powder to prepare a preform, sintering the preform at a temperature not lower than the melting point of the unsintered PTFE, processing the preform into films, then laminating at least two of the obtained films, fusing the films to unite them, and subjecting the obtained film to uniaxial or biaxial stretching at a temperature not higher than a melting point of the sintered PTFE. If desired, the finally obtained film may be subjected to heat setting. In the PTFE porous film of the invention, pores are nearly round and the diameters of the pores are almost uniform. Further, the porous film of the invention has a high porosity and is excellent in mechanical strength, so that the film is free from the pinholes even when the thickness of the film is small. The PTFE porous film can be efficiently prepared by sequential biaxial stretching or the like, without breakage.

    摘要翻译： 聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）多孔膜由通过悬浮聚合获得的PTFE树脂成型粉末形成。 该膜具有40至80％的孔隙率和小于99％的直径为0.2μm的均匀颗粒的去除率，或者具有40至80％的孔隙率和不小于3kg / cm 2的起泡点 。 该PTFE多孔膜是通过将PTFE树脂成形粉末压缩成型以制备预成型体，在不低于未烧结PTFE的熔点的温度下烧结预成型体的方法得到的，将预成型体加工成膜，然后至少层压 将两片所得薄膜熔合，将薄膜组合起来，并将所得薄膜在不高于烧结PTFE的熔点的温度下进行单轴或双轴拉伸。 如果需要，最终得到的膜可以进行热定形。 在本发明的PTFE多孔膜中，孔近似圆形，孔的直径几乎均匀。 此外，本发明的多孔膜具有高孔隙率并且机械强度优异，使得即使当膜的厚度小时，膜也没有针孔。 可以通过连续双轴拉伸等有效地制备PTFE多孔膜，而不会破裂。

    Membranes having selective permeability
    74.
    发明授权
    Membranes having selective permeability 失效
    具有选择性渗透性的膜

    公开(公告)号：US5358556A

    公开(公告)日：1994-10-25

    申请号：US988935

    申请日：1993-02-25

    申请人： Richard B. Kaner ,  Mark R. Anderson ,  Howard Reiss ,  Benjamin R. Mattes

    发明人： Richard B. Kaner ,  Mark R. Anderson ,  Howard Reiss ,  Benjamin R. Mattes

    IPC分类号： B01D71/60 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D71/72 ,  H01B1/12

    CPC分类号： B01D67/0093 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D71/72 ,  H01B1/128 ,  Y02C10/10 ,  Y10S264/48 ,  Y10S264/62

    摘要： Dopable, fully dense polymer membranes are used to form membranes having selective permeabilities. To improve selectivity, the membranes may be subjected to chemical or electrochemical treatment with electron donors or acceptors to alter the doping level of the polymer membrane, generally in a reversible fashion. This leads to significant changes in gas permeation rates relative to what is observed for the non-doped, fully dense polymers. This change in doping level of the polymer films can be precisely controlled by varying the concentration and nature of chemical dopants used. Desirable changes in permeation rates are achieved by a treatment which comprises a reversal doping of the polymeric material, followed by removal of the dopants (to provide an "undoped" polymer). Further addition of controlled amounts of at least one dopant species to the undoped polymer by a second, "redoping" procedure can still more dramatically change the permeability of large species, leading to particularly large separation factors.

    摘要翻译： 可掺杂的，完全致密的聚合物膜用于形成具有选择性渗透性的膜。 为了提高选择性，膜可以用电子给体或受体进行化学或电化学处理，以改变聚合物膜的掺杂水平，通常以可逆的方式。 这导致相对于未掺杂的，完全致密的聚合物观察到的气体渗透速率的显着变化。 可以通过改变所用化学掺杂剂的浓度和性质来精确地控制聚合物膜的掺杂水平的这种变化。 渗透速率的期望变化通过包括反向掺杂聚合物材料，然后除去掺杂剂（以提供“未掺杂的”聚合物）的处理来实现。 通过第二个“重做”程序进一步向未掺杂的聚合物添加受控量的至少一种掺杂剂物质仍然可以更大地改变大物种的渗透性，导致特别大的分离因子。

    Filter membrane and method of manufacture
    75.
    发明授权
    Filter membrane and method of manufacture 失效
    过滤膜及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US5238569A

    公开(公告)日：1993-08-24

    申请号：US917983

    申请日：1992-07-24

    申请人： Raymond Soria ,  Corinne Defalque ,  Jacques Gillot

    发明人： Raymond Soria ,  Corinne Defalque ,  Jacques Gillot

    IPC分类号： B01D71/02 ,  B01D67/00 ,  B01D71/58 ,  B01D71/72 ,  C08G79/02

    CPC分类号： B01D67/0088 ,  B01D71/72 ,  C08G79/025 ,  Y10S264/48 ,  Y10S264/62

    摘要： A membrane for a filter device or a device for gas or liquid separation, the membrane being constituted by a porous structure made of at least one material selected from sintered ceramic, sintered metals, microporous carbon, microporous glass, and polymers, said structure including at least one microporous layer, wherein the entire outside surface and inside surface of the pores of said structure is covered by a thin and continuous film of a polyphosphazene, the thickness of said film lying in the range 0.01% to 10% of the mean diameter of the pores of said microporous layer.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于过滤装置的膜或用于气体或液体分离的装置，所述膜由由选自烧结陶瓷，烧结金属，微孔碳，微孔玻璃和聚合物中的至少一种材料制成的多孔结构构成，所述结构包括 至少一个微孔层，其中所述结构的孔的整个外表面和内表面被聚磷腈的薄且连续的膜覆盖，所述膜的厚度在平均直径的0.01％至10％的范围内 所述微孔层的孔。

    Multilayer membrane and process of manufacturing same
    77.
    发明授权
    Multilayer membrane and process of manufacturing same 失效
    多层膜及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US5164088A

    公开(公告)日：1992-11-17

    申请号：US736098

    申请日：1991-07-26

    申请人： /Peter Hanel ,  Harald Helmrich

    发明人： /Peter Hanel ,  Harald Helmrich

    IPC分类号： B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D71/38

    CPC分类号： B01D71/38 ,  B01D69/125 ,  Y10S264/48 ,  Y10S264/62

    摘要： The process of making a multilayer membrane composed of a carrier layer, a porous supporting layer and a separating layer includes making a modified polyvinyl alcohol by decomposing a polyvinyl ester or ether until the proportion of the vinyl alcohol monomer units in the modified polyvinyl alcohol corresponds to that in a material consisting of 80 to 95% of the polyvinyl ester or ether and 20 to 5% of a polyvinyl alcohol obtained by completely decomposing the polyvinyl ester or ether; preparing a composite material consisting of the carrier layer and the porous supporting layer, preparing a dilute aqueous solution containing 1 to 10% by weight of the modified polyvinyl alcohol; preferably storing the dilute solution at temperatures from -10.degree. to +10.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. to 5.degree. C., for 3 to 20 days, after storing, applying the dilute solution to the supporting layer of the composite material to coat the composite material with the modified polyvinyl alcohol; and after the applying, heating the composite material coated with the modified polyvinyl alcohol at a temperature of from 100.degree. to 180.degree. for 1 to 60 minutes.

    摘要翻译： 制造由载体层，多孔支持层和分离层构成的多层膜的方法包括通过分解聚乙烯基酯或醚来改性改性聚乙烯醇，直到改性聚乙烯醇中的乙烯醇单体单元的比例对应于 在通过将聚乙烯基酯或乙醚完全分解而得到的聚乙烯醇酯或醚的80〜95重量％和聚乙烯醇20〜5重量％的物质中， 制备由载体层和多孔支撑层组成的复合材料，制备含有1至10重量％的改性聚乙烯醇的稀水溶液; 优选在-10℃至+ 10℃，优选0℃至5℃的温度下储存稀释溶液3至20天，储存后，将稀释溶液施加到复合材料的支撑层上 用改性聚乙烯醇涂覆复合材料; 在涂布后，将涂布有改性聚乙烯醇的复合材料在100〜180℃的温度下加热1〜60分钟。

    Filter element and manufacture method thereof
    79.
    发明授权
    Filter element and manufacture method thereof 失效
    过滤元件及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US5049326A

    公开(公告)日：1991-09-17

    申请号：US606942

    申请日：1990-10-31

    申请人： Noriya Matsumoto ,  Hajime Akado ,  Yoshihiko Oya ,  Yoshihiro Taki ,  Shuji Yamaguchi

    发明人： Noriya Matsumoto ,  Hajime Akado ,  Yoshihiko Oya ,  Yoshihiro Taki ,  Shuji Yamaguchi

    IPC分类号： B01D29/07 ,  B01D25/00 ,  B01D29/11 ,  B01D46/00

    CPC分类号： B01D25/001 ,  B01D29/111 ,  B01D29/52 ,  B01D2201/46 ,  Y10S264/48 ,  Y10S264/62

    摘要： A filter element which is improved in filter performance and suitable for use in various types of filters, and a manufacturing method thereof. In the filter element, a multiplicity of tubes each formed of a filtering material and having a substantially circular shape in cross-section are arranged side by side into a tubular assembly with the axes of the tubes lying parallel to one another; inter-tube openings are closed at one end of the tubular assembly which end serves as the inlet side for a fluid to be filtered, whereas intra-tube openings are closed on the opposite end of the tubular assembly; and the total cross-sectional area of all the inter-tube openings is set smaller than the total cross-sectional area of all the intra-tube openings, but larger than the minimum cross-sectional area of a path through which the fluid is supplied to the tubular assembly. Specifically, one or more filtering materials including a plurality of tubes each having a substantially circular shape in cross-section and connecting portions to interconnect the adjacent tubes are rolled into a spiral shape to provide the tubular assembly with the axes of the tubes arranged side by side parallel to one another.

    Reverse osmosis membrane of cellulosic material
    80.
    发明授权
    Reverse osmosis membrane of cellulosic material 失效
    纤维素材料的反渗透膜

    公开(公告)号：US4814084A

    公开(公告)日：1989-03-21

    申请号：US239349

    申请日：1988-09-01

    申请人： Brian Farnand ,  Takeshi Matsuura ,  Srinivasa Sourirajan

    发明人： Brian Farnand ,  Takeshi Matsuura ,  Srinivasa Sourirajan

    IPC分类号： B01D71/10 ,  C08L1/02 ,  B01D13/04

    CPC分类号： B01D71/10 ,  C08L1/02 ,  Y10S264/48 ,  Y10S264/62

    摘要： There is provided a method of manufacturing cellulose membranes with pore radii less than 30.times.10.sup.-10 m, suitable for reverse osmosis applications. The method comprises dissolving a cellulosic material in a DMSO/PF solvent at a temperature about 125.degree. C. for about 90 min., cooling and casting the solution at room temperature, evaporating the solvent at a temperature of 140.degree.-180.degree. C. and gelling the resulting membrane in a protic solvent, e.g. ethanol or water.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种制造孔径小于30×10 -10 m的纤维素膜的方法，适用于反渗透应用。 该方法包括在约125℃的温度下将纤维素材料溶解在DMSO / PF溶剂中约90分钟，在室温下冷却并浇注该溶液，在140-180℃的温度下蒸发溶剂。 并将所得膜凝胶化在质子溶剂中，例如 乙醇或水。