摘要:
A method for the conversion of an unsaturated compound having a functional group, characterized by contacting [1] at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid esters, nitriles, ketones, amides, and ethers and having a carbon-to-carbon double bond and no unsaturation at the position conjugate to said double bond, or a mixture of said compound [1] and [2] at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated compounds having a carbon-to-carbon double bond and neither unsaturation at the position conjugate to said double bond nor a functional group, with a catalyst system consisting essentially of a combination of (A) at least one member selected from the group consisting of tungsten compounds, molybdenum compounds, and rhenium compounds, with (B) at least one organoaluminum compound having at least one carbon-to-aluminum bond.
摘要:
1,1,4,4-tetraalkyl-1,3-butadienes are prepared by the acid catalyzed cleavage and isomerization of a carboxylic acid ester having the formula WHERE R is an organic radical such that the product organic acid forms an azeotrope with the product 1,1,4,4-tetraalkyl-1,3butadiene, R1 through R7 are the same or different lower alkyl radicals, and R8 is a lower alkylidene radical, in a process which comprises continuously contacting an acid catalyst at a temperature in the range of about 125*C. to about 250*C. with said carboxylic acid ester and subsequently continuously removing from the reactor an overhead stream comprising 1,1,4,4tetraalkyl-1,3-butadiene and an organic acid, distilling said overhead stream in a first distillation column at a pressure of less than one atmosphere, removing therefrom a second overhead stream comprising 1,1,4,4-tetraalkyl-1,3-butadiene, distilling said second overhead stream at a pressure higher than that of the first distillation column and removing therefrom a bottoms stream comprising 1,1,4,4-tetraalkyl-1,3-butadiene, and distilling said bottoms stream also at a pressure higher than that of the first distillation column so as to obtain a stream of essentially pure 1,1,4,4-tetraalkyl-1,3-butadiene.
摘要:
NOVEL MONO- AND DI-SUBSTITUTED PARACYCLOPHANES HAVING UTILITY IN THE COATINGS FIELD ARE CONVENIENTLY PREPARED BY THE REACTION OF AN OXALYLHALIDE WITH (2.2)-PARACYCLOPHANE TO GIVE A HALOFORMYL-SUBSTITUTED (2.2)-PARACYCLOPHANE WHICH THEREAFTER CAN SERVE AS A STARTING MATERIAL FOR VARIOUS PARACYCLOPHANE DERIVATIVES.
摘要:
It is provided solid, heterogeneous catalysts for the deoxygenation of esters of free fatty acids and triglycerides, and for the production of hydrocarbons that can be used as biofuels. More particularly, the catalyst comprises at least one metal oxide, the catalyst having a formula AlaCubNicSidTieZnfZrgLahCeiWjSnkGalFemMOnMnoCOpOx, wherein a, b, c, d, g, h, i, j, k, l, m n, o, p and x are the molar ratios of the respective elements, wherein a, b, c, d, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o and p are >0, e, f and g are >0 and x is such that the catalyst is electrically neutral.
摘要:
An in-situ method for making a conjugated diene from an allyl alcohol comprising the conversion of the allyl alcohol to an allyl carbonate, allyl ester or allyl formate with concomitant or subsequent conversion of the allyl carbonate, allyl ester or allyl formate to the conjugated diene; the products obtained by said method, and the uses of said products.